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Assessment of cholesterol homeostasis in the living human brain
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Chunyu Zhao ,
Lu Wang ,
Zhiwei Xiao,
Jian Rong,
Xiaotian Xia ,
Zhen Chen ,
Stefanie K. Pfister ,
Natalia Mast ,
Eylan Yutuc ,
Jiahui Chen ,
Yinlong Li ,
Tuo Shao,
Geoffrey I. Warnock,
Alyaa Dawoud ,
Theresa R. Connors ,
Derek H. Oakley ,
Huiyi Wei,
Jinghao Wang,
Zhihua Zheng ,
Hao Xu,
April T. Davenport,
James B. Daunais,
Richard S. Van,
Yihan Shao,
Yuqin Wang ,
Ming-Rong Zhang,
Catherine Gebhard ,
Irina Pikuleva ,
Allan I. Levey ,
William Griffiths ,
Steven H. Liang
Science Translational Medicine, Volume: 14, Issue: 665
Swansea University Authors:
Eylan Yutuc , Yuqin Wang , William Griffiths
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DOI (Published version): 10.1126/scitranslmed.adc9967
Abstract
Alterations in brain cholesterol homeostasis have been broadly implicated in neurological disorders. Notwithstanding the complexity by which cholesterol biology is governed in the mammalian brain, excess neuronal cholesterol is primarily eliminated by metabolic clearance via cytochrome P450 46A1 (CY...
| Published in: | Science Translational Medicine |
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| ISSN: | 1946-6234 1946-6242 |
| Published: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2022
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61471 |
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| Abstract: |
Alterations in brain cholesterol homeostasis have been broadly implicated in neurological disorders. Notwithstanding the complexity by which cholesterol biology is governed in the mammalian brain, excess neuronal cholesterol is primarily eliminated by metabolic clearance via cytochrome P450 46A1 (CYP46A1). No methods are currently available for visualizing cholesterol metabolism in the living human brain; therefore, a non-invasive technology that quantitatively measures the extent of brain cholesterol metabolism via CYP46A1 could broadly impact disease diagnosis and treatment options using targeted therapies. Here we describe the development and testing of a CYP46A1-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) tracer. 18F-CHL-2205(18F-Cholestify). Our data show that PET imaging readouts correlate with CYP46A1 protein expression and with the extent to which cholesterol is metabolized in the brain, as assessed by cross-species post-mortem analyses of specimens from rodents, non-human primates and humans. Proof-of-concept of in vivo efficacy is provided in the well-established 3xTg-AD murine model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where we show that the probe is sensitive to differences in brain cholesterol metabolism between 3xTg-AD mice and control animals. Further, our clinical observations point towards a considerably higher baseline brain cholesterol clearance via CYP46A1 in women, as compared to age-matched men. These findings illustrate the vast potential of assessing brain cholesterol metabolism using PET and establish PET as a sensitive tool for non-invasive assessment of brain cholesterol homeostasis in the clinic. |
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| College: |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
| Funders: |
NIH (AA028007 to JBD,
AG070060 and AG074218 to SHL); BBSRC (BB/S019588/1 and BB/N015932/1 to WJG,
BB/L001942/1 to YW), and the European Union, through European Structural Funds (ESF), as part
of the Welsh Government funded Academic Expertise for Business project (to WJG and YW); the
Swiss National Science Foundation to AH, and Emory Radiology Chair Fund to SHL. |
| Issue: |
665 |