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The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory
Giscard Lima,
Alexander Kolliari-Turner,
Guan Wang,
Patrick Ho,
Lyra Meehan,
Kelly Roeszler,
Jane Seto,
Fernanda Rossell Malinsky,
Antonia Karanikolou,
Gregor Eichhorn,
Kumpei Tanisawa,
Jonathan Ospina-Betancurt,
Blair Hamilton,
Paulette Y.O. Kumi,
Jonathan Shurlock,
Vasileios Skiadas,
Richard Twycross-Lewis,
Liam Kilduff
,
Fergus M. Guppy,
Kathryn North,
Yannis Pitsiladis,
Chiara Fossati,
Fabio Pigozzi,
Paolo Borrione
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, Volume: 33, Issue: 5
Swansea University Author:
Liam Kilduff
-
PDF | Accepted Manuscript
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DOI (Published version): 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001037
Abstract
Objective: It remains unknown if myonuclei remain elevated post Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) usage in humans. Limited data exists on AAS induced changes in gene expression. Design: Cross-sectional/longitudinal. Setting: University.Participants: Fifty-six males aged 20-42.Independent Variables:...
Published in: | Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine |
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ISSN: | 1050-642X |
Published: |
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
2023
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URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59710 |
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2022-03-28T10:15:37Z |
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2024-11-14T12:15:59Z |
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Setting: University.Participants: Fifty-six males aged 20-42.Independent Variables: Non-resistance trained (C) or resistance trained (RT), RT-currently using AAS (RT-AS), of which if AAS usage ceased for ≥18 weeks re-sampled as Returning Participants (RP) or RT-previously using AAS (PREV). Main Outcome Measures: Myonuclei per fibre and cross-sectional area (CSA) of trapezius muscle fibres. Results: There were no significant differences between C (n=5), RT (n=15), RT-AS (n=17) and PREV (n=6) for myonuclei per fibre. Three of five returning participants (RP1-3) were biopsied twice. Prior to visit one RP1 ceased AAS usage 34 weeks before, RP2 and RP3 ceased AAS usage ≤2 weeks before and all had 28 weeks between visits. Fibre CSA decreased for RP1 and RP2 between visits (7566 vs 6629 µm²; 7854 vs 5677 µm²) whilst myonuclei per fibre remained similar (3.5 vs 3.4; 2.5 vs 2.6). Respectively these values increased for RP3 between visits (7167 vs 7889 µm²; 2.6 vs 3.3). Conclusions: This cohort of past AAS users did not have elevated myonuclei per fibre values, unlike previous research, but reported AAS usage was much lower. Training and AAS usage history also varied widely amongst participants. Comparable myonuclei per fibre numbers despite decrements in fibre CSA post exposure adheres with the muscle memory mechanism but there is variation in usage relative to sampling date and low numbers of returning participants.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine</journal><volume>33</volume><journalNumber>5</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>1050-642X</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Myonuclei, Anabolic Androgenic Steroids, Hypertrophy, Fat Free Mass, Muscle Memory, Gene Expression</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>9</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2023</publishedYear><publishedDate>2023-09-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1097/jsm.0000000000001037</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering and Applied Sciences School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EAAS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-09-13T11:26:30.1580141</lastEdited><Created>2022-03-28T11:05:46.5112129</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Giscard</firstname><surname>Lima</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Alexander</firstname><surname>Kolliari-Turner</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Guan</firstname><surname>Wang</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Patrick</firstname><surname>Ho</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Lyra</firstname><surname>Meehan</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Kelly</firstname><surname>Roeszler</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Jane</firstname><surname>Seto</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Fernanda Rossell</firstname><surname>Malinsky</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Antonia</firstname><surname>Karanikolou</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Gregor</firstname><surname>Eichhorn</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Kumpei</firstname><surname>Tanisawa</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Jonathan</firstname><surname>Ospina-Betancurt</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Blair</firstname><surname>Hamilton</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Paulette Y.O.</firstname><surname>Kumi</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Jonathan</firstname><surname>Shurlock</surname><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>Vasileios</firstname><surname>Skiadas</surname><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Twycross-Lewis</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Liam</firstname><surname>Kilduff</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9449-2293</orcid><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>Fergus M.</firstname><surname>Guppy</surname><order>19</order></author><author><firstname>Kathryn</firstname><surname>North</surname><order>20</order></author><author><firstname>Yannis</firstname><surname>Pitsiladis</surname><order>21</order></author><author><firstname>Chiara</firstname><surname>Fossati</surname><order>22</order></author><author><firstname>Fabio</firstname><surname>Pigozzi</surname><order>23</order></author><author><firstname>Paolo</firstname><surname>Borrione</surname><order>24</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>59710__23680__089f41e4a12b401db788be5dbf87a958.pdf</filename><originalFilename>59710.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-03-28T11:15:12.4309725</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>301342</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2023-05-04T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807> |
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2023-09-13T11:26:30.1580141 v2 59710 2022-03-28 The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 0000-0001-9449-2293 Liam Kilduff Liam Kilduff true false 2022-03-28 EAAS Objective: It remains unknown if myonuclei remain elevated post Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) usage in humans. Limited data exists on AAS induced changes in gene expression. Design: Cross-sectional/longitudinal. Setting: University.Participants: Fifty-six males aged 20-42.Independent Variables: Non-resistance trained (C) or resistance trained (RT), RT-currently using AAS (RT-AS), of which if AAS usage ceased for ≥18 weeks re-sampled as Returning Participants (RP) or RT-previously using AAS (PREV). Main Outcome Measures: Myonuclei per fibre and cross-sectional area (CSA) of trapezius muscle fibres. Results: There were no significant differences between C (n=5), RT (n=15), RT-AS (n=17) and PREV (n=6) for myonuclei per fibre. Three of five returning participants (RP1-3) were biopsied twice. Prior to visit one RP1 ceased AAS usage 34 weeks before, RP2 and RP3 ceased AAS usage ≤2 weeks before and all had 28 weeks between visits. Fibre CSA decreased for RP1 and RP2 between visits (7566 vs 6629 µm²; 7854 vs 5677 µm²) whilst myonuclei per fibre remained similar (3.5 vs 3.4; 2.5 vs 2.6). Respectively these values increased for RP3 between visits (7167 vs 7889 µm²; 2.6 vs 3.3). Conclusions: This cohort of past AAS users did not have elevated myonuclei per fibre values, unlike previous research, but reported AAS usage was much lower. Training and AAS usage history also varied widely amongst participants. Comparable myonuclei per fibre numbers despite decrements in fibre CSA post exposure adheres with the muscle memory mechanism but there is variation in usage relative to sampling date and low numbers of returning participants. Journal Article Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 33 5 Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) 1050-642X Myonuclei, Anabolic Androgenic Steroids, Hypertrophy, Fat Free Mass, Muscle Memory, Gene Expression 1 9 2023 2023-09-01 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001037 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University 2023-09-13T11:26:30.1580141 2022-03-28T11:05:46.5112129 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Giscard Lima 1 Alexander Kolliari-Turner 2 Guan Wang 3 Patrick Ho 4 Lyra Meehan 5 Kelly Roeszler 6 Jane Seto 7 Fernanda Rossell Malinsky 8 Antonia Karanikolou 9 Gregor Eichhorn 10 Kumpei Tanisawa 11 Jonathan Ospina-Betancurt 12 Blair Hamilton 13 Paulette Y.O. Kumi 14 Jonathan Shurlock 15 Vasileios Skiadas 16 Richard Twycross-Lewis 17 Liam Kilduff 0000-0001-9449-2293 18 Fergus M. Guppy 19 Kathryn North 20 Yannis Pitsiladis 21 Chiara Fossati 22 Fabio Pigozzi 23 Paolo Borrione 24 59710__23680__089f41e4a12b401db788be5dbf87a958.pdf 59710.pdf 2022-03-28T11:15:12.4309725 Output 301342 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2023-05-04T00:00:00.0000000 true eng |
title |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory |
spellingShingle |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory Liam Kilduff |
title_short |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory |
title_full |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory |
title_fullStr |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory |
title_full_unstemmed |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory |
title_sort |
The MMAAS Project: An Observational Human Study Investigating the Effect of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Use on Gene Expression and the Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Memory |
author_id_str_mv |
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 |
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972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98_***_Liam Kilduff |
author |
Liam Kilduff |
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Giscard Lima Alexander Kolliari-Turner Guan Wang Patrick Ho Lyra Meehan Kelly Roeszler Jane Seto Fernanda Rossell Malinsky Antonia Karanikolou Gregor Eichhorn Kumpei Tanisawa Jonathan Ospina-Betancurt Blair Hamilton Paulette Y.O. Kumi Jonathan Shurlock Vasileios Skiadas Richard Twycross-Lewis Liam Kilduff Fergus M. Guppy Kathryn North Yannis Pitsiladis Chiara Fossati Fabio Pigozzi Paolo Borrione |
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Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine |
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33 |
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Swansea University |
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1050-642X |
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10.1097/jsm.0000000000001037 |
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Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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Faculty of Science and Engineering |
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School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences |
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description |
Objective: It remains unknown if myonuclei remain elevated post Anabolic Androgenic Steroid (AAS) usage in humans. Limited data exists on AAS induced changes in gene expression. Design: Cross-sectional/longitudinal. Setting: University.Participants: Fifty-six males aged 20-42.Independent Variables: Non-resistance trained (C) or resistance trained (RT), RT-currently using AAS (RT-AS), of which if AAS usage ceased for ≥18 weeks re-sampled as Returning Participants (RP) or RT-previously using AAS (PREV). Main Outcome Measures: Myonuclei per fibre and cross-sectional area (CSA) of trapezius muscle fibres. Results: There were no significant differences between C (n=5), RT (n=15), RT-AS (n=17) and PREV (n=6) for myonuclei per fibre. Three of five returning participants (RP1-3) were biopsied twice. Prior to visit one RP1 ceased AAS usage 34 weeks before, RP2 and RP3 ceased AAS usage ≤2 weeks before and all had 28 weeks between visits. Fibre CSA decreased for RP1 and RP2 between visits (7566 vs 6629 µm²; 7854 vs 5677 µm²) whilst myonuclei per fibre remained similar (3.5 vs 3.4; 2.5 vs 2.6). Respectively these values increased for RP3 between visits (7167 vs 7889 µm²; 2.6 vs 3.3). Conclusions: This cohort of past AAS users did not have elevated myonuclei per fibre values, unlike previous research, but reported AAS usage was much lower. Training and AAS usage history also varied widely amongst participants. Comparable myonuclei per fibre numbers despite decrements in fibre CSA post exposure adheres with the muscle memory mechanism but there is variation in usage relative to sampling date and low numbers of returning participants. |
published_date |
2023-09-01T12:19:13Z |
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10.905303 |