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Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology

William Griffiths Orcid Logo, Yuqin Wang Orcid Logo

Journal of Lipid Research, Volume: 63, Issue: 2, Start page: 100165

Swansea University Authors: William Griffiths Orcid Logo, Yuqin Wang Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100165

Abstract

Oxysterols, the oxidized forms of cholesterol or of its precursors, are formed in the first steps of cholesterol metabolism. Oxysterols have interested chemists, biologists, and physicians for many decades, but their exact biological relevance in vivo, other than as intermediates in bile acid biosyn...

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Published in: Journal of Lipid Research
ISSN: 0022-2275
Published: Elsevier BV 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59064
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spelling 2022-03-11T17:29:58.0355090 v2 59064 2022-01-04 Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology 3316b1d1b524be1831790933eed1c26e 0000-0002-4129-6616 William Griffiths William Griffiths true false c92729b58622f9fdf6a0e7d8f4ce5081 0000-0002-3063-3066 Yuqin Wang Yuqin Wang true false 2022-01-04 BMS Oxysterols, the oxidized forms of cholesterol or of its precursors, are formed in the first steps of cholesterol metabolism. Oxysterols have interested chemists, biologists, and physicians for many decades, but their exact biological relevance in vivo, other than as intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis, has long been debated. However, in first quarter of this century, a role for side-chain oxysterols and their C-7 oxidized metabolites has been convincingly established in the immune system. 25-Hydroxycholesterol has been shown to be synthesized by macrophages in response to the activation of Toll-like receptors and to offer protection against microbial pathogens, while 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol has been shown to act as a chemoattractant to lymphocytes expressing the G protein-coupled receptor EBI2 and to be important in coordinating the action of B, T, and dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid tissue. There is a growing body of evidence that not only these two oxysterols but also many of their isomers are of importance to the proper function of the immune system. Here, we review recent findings related to the roles of oxysterols in immunology. Journal Article Journal of Lipid Research 63 2 100165 Elsevier BV 0022-2275 oxysterol; hydroxycholesterol; accessible cholesterol; macrophage; B cell; T cell; dendritic cell; virus; bacterial infection; membrane fusion 1 2 2022 2022-02-01 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100165 COLLEGE NANME Biomedical Sciences COLLEGE CODE BMS Swansea University This work was supported by the UKRI Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC, grant numbers BB/I001735/1 and BB/N015932/1 to WJG, BB/L001942/1 to YW). 2022-03-11T17:29:58.0355090 2022-01-04T13:51:36.7134907 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine William Griffiths 0000-0002-4129-6616 1 Yuqin Wang 0000-0002-3063-3066 2 59064__22579__420a7ec14c084c16a45daf0a5b745b77.pdf 59064.pdf 2022-03-11T17:28:27.9045063 Output 2033917 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 the authors.This is an open access article under the CC BY license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
spellingShingle Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
William Griffiths
Yuqin Wang
title_short Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
title_full Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
title_fullStr Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
title_full_unstemmed Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
title_sort Cholesterol metabolism: from lipidomics to immunology
author_id_str_mv 3316b1d1b524be1831790933eed1c26e
c92729b58622f9fdf6a0e7d8f4ce5081
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3316b1d1b524be1831790933eed1c26e_***_William Griffiths
c92729b58622f9fdf6a0e7d8f4ce5081_***_Yuqin Wang
author William Griffiths
Yuqin Wang
author2 William Griffiths
Yuqin Wang
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Lipid Research
container_volume 63
container_issue 2
container_start_page 100165
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0022-2275
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100165
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
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description Oxysterols, the oxidized forms of cholesterol or of its precursors, are formed in the first steps of cholesterol metabolism. Oxysterols have interested chemists, biologists, and physicians for many decades, but their exact biological relevance in vivo, other than as intermediates in bile acid biosynthesis, has long been debated. However, in first quarter of this century, a role for side-chain oxysterols and their C-7 oxidized metabolites has been convincingly established in the immune system. 25-Hydroxycholesterol has been shown to be synthesized by macrophages in response to the activation of Toll-like receptors and to offer protection against microbial pathogens, while 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol has been shown to act as a chemoattractant to lymphocytes expressing the G protein-coupled receptor EBI2 and to be important in coordinating the action of B, T, and dendritic cells in secondary lymphoid tissue. There is a growing body of evidence that not only these two oxysterols but also many of their isomers are of importance to the proper function of the immune system. Here, we review recent findings related to the roles of oxysterols in immunology.
published_date 2022-02-01T04:16:04Z
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