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Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives

Camila Martínez-Toledo, Gonzalo Valdés-Vidal, Alejandra Calabi-Floody, María Eugenia González, Antonieta Ruiz Orcid Logo, Cristian Mignolet, Jose Norambuena-Contreras Orcid Logo, Rafael Villegas, Jose L. Concha Orcid Logo

Construction and Building Materials, Volume: 514, Start page: 145507

Swansea University Author: Jose Norambuena-Contreras Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145507

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of biochars derived from European hazelnut shells as modifiers of the antioxidant, physical, and rheological properties of asphalt binders used in road construction. Two types of biochar (BH) were produced via slow pyrolysis at 300 °C (BH1) and 550 °C (BH2) with a res...

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Published in: Construction and Building Materials
ISSN: 0950-0618
Published: Elsevier BV 2026
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71555
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Two types of biochar (BH) were produced via slow pyrolysis at 300 °C (BH1) and 550 °C (BH2) with a residence time of 1 h, and were incorporated into unaged, short-term aged (RTFO), and long-term aged (PAV) asphalt binders. Phenolic compounds of the BHs were identified by liquid chromatography, while their antioxidant effect on asphalt binders was assessed using spectroscopic analyses. Physical properties (rotational viscosity, penetration, softening point, Fraass breaking point) and rheological properties (rutting parameter G*/sin(δ), Rheological Ageing Index, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), fatigue parameter (G*∙sin(δ), crossover temperature, and complex modulus |G*|) were measured in all ageing states. The results revealed that both BHs mitigated binder ageing, as evidenced by reductions in ageing indices and oxygenated structures. BH1’s antioxidant effect was attributed to its phenolic compounds, whereas BH2’s effect was attributed to its porous morphology, which facilitated the adsorption of volatiles. Physically, BH reduced viscosity by up to 16 % after PAV ageing, maintained penetration, and lowered the softening point, although Fraass breaking points increased due to particle stiffening. Rheologically, BH improved rutting resistance by up to 8 % during the early ageing stages. After PAV ageing, it mitigated stiffness gain, preserved viscoelastic behaviour, and reduced |G*| at low temperatures compared with the controls. Overall, recycled hazelnut shell BH enhanced the ageing resistance and thermal stability of bituminous binders through distinct mechanisms, offering a potentially viable option to extend the service life of road pavement materials.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Construction and Building Materials</journal><volume>514</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>145507</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0950-0618</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Hazelnut shell biochar; Antioxidant properties; Physical properties; Rheological properties; Asphalt ageing</keywords><publishedDay>7</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2026</publishedYear><publishedDate>2026-03-07</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145507</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>ACEM</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>This research was funded by the National Research and Development Agency (ANID) from the Government of Chile, through the Research Project FONDECYT Regular 2023 No. 1230035.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2026-03-05T12:39:35.3742606</lastEdited><Created>2026-03-05T10:44:17.9218180</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Camila</firstname><surname>Martínez-Toledo</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Gonzalo</firstname><surname>Valdés-Vidal</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Alejandra</firstname><surname>Calabi-Floody</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>María Eugenia</firstname><surname>González</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Antonieta</firstname><surname>Ruiz</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8578-3475</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Cristian</firstname><surname>Mignolet</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Jose</firstname><surname>Norambuena-Contreras</surname><orcid>0000-0001-8327-2236</orcid><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Rafael</firstname><surname>Villegas</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Jose L.</firstname><surname>Concha</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3746-651x</orcid><order>9</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>71555__36355__1ef7144c0e4845b59c0f27f0645f63c3.pdf</filename><originalFilename>Author Accepted Manuscript CBM.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2026-03-05T11:06:15.9638339</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>3763744</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><copyrightCorrect>false</copyrightCorrect></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling v2 71555 2026-03-05 Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives 73c6854ebb10465fbf7faab297135641 0000-0001-8327-2236 Jose Norambuena-Contreras Jose Norambuena-Contreras true false 2026-03-05 ACEM This study evaluated the effect of biochars derived from European hazelnut shells as modifiers of the antioxidant, physical, and rheological properties of asphalt binders used in road construction. Two types of biochar (BH) were produced via slow pyrolysis at 300 °C (BH1) and 550 °C (BH2) with a residence time of 1 h, and were incorporated into unaged, short-term aged (RTFO), and long-term aged (PAV) asphalt binders. Phenolic compounds of the BHs were identified by liquid chromatography, while their antioxidant effect on asphalt binders was assessed using spectroscopic analyses. Physical properties (rotational viscosity, penetration, softening point, Fraass breaking point) and rheological properties (rutting parameter G*/sin(δ), Rheological Ageing Index, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), fatigue parameter (G*∙sin(δ), crossover temperature, and complex modulus |G*|) were measured in all ageing states. The results revealed that both BHs mitigated binder ageing, as evidenced by reductions in ageing indices and oxygenated structures. BH1’s antioxidant effect was attributed to its phenolic compounds, whereas BH2’s effect was attributed to its porous morphology, which facilitated the adsorption of volatiles. Physically, BH reduced viscosity by up to 16 % after PAV ageing, maintained penetration, and lowered the softening point, although Fraass breaking points increased due to particle stiffening. Rheologically, BH improved rutting resistance by up to 8 % during the early ageing stages. After PAV ageing, it mitigated stiffness gain, preserved viscoelastic behaviour, and reduced |G*| at low temperatures compared with the controls. Overall, recycled hazelnut shell BH enhanced the ageing resistance and thermal stability of bituminous binders through distinct mechanisms, offering a potentially viable option to extend the service life of road pavement materials. Journal Article Construction and Building Materials 514 145507 Elsevier BV 0950-0618 Hazelnut shell biochar; Antioxidant properties; Physical properties; Rheological properties; Asphalt ageing 7 3 2026 2026-03-07 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145507 COLLEGE NANME Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE ACEM Swansea University This research was funded by the National Research and Development Agency (ANID) from the Government of Chile, through the Research Project FONDECYT Regular 2023 No. 1230035. 2026-03-05T12:39:35.3742606 2026-03-05T10:44:17.9218180 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering Camila Martínez-Toledo 1 Gonzalo Valdés-Vidal 2 Alejandra Calabi-Floody 3 María Eugenia González 4 Antonieta Ruiz 0000-0002-8578-3475 5 Cristian Mignolet 6 Jose Norambuena-Contreras 0000-0001-8327-2236 7 Rafael Villegas 8 Jose L. Concha 0000-0003-3746-651x 9 71555__36355__1ef7144c0e4845b59c0f27f0645f63c3.pdf Author Accepted Manuscript CBM.pdf 2026-03-05T11:06:15.9638339 Output 3763744 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true false
title Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
spellingShingle Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
Jose Norambuena-Contreras
title_short Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
title_full Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
title_fullStr Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
title_sort Enhancing rheological and ageing performance of asphalt binders using hazelnut shell biochar additives
author_id_str_mv 73c6854ebb10465fbf7faab297135641
author_id_fullname_str_mv 73c6854ebb10465fbf7faab297135641_***_Jose Norambuena-Contreras
author Jose Norambuena-Contreras
author2 Camila Martínez-Toledo
Gonzalo Valdés-Vidal
Alejandra Calabi-Floody
María Eugenia González
Antonieta Ruiz
Cristian Mignolet
Jose Norambuena-Contreras
Rafael Villegas
Jose L. Concha
format Journal article
container_title Construction and Building Materials
container_volume 514
container_start_page 145507
publishDate 2026
institution Swansea University
issn 0950-0618
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2026.145507
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description This study evaluated the effect of biochars derived from European hazelnut shells as modifiers of the antioxidant, physical, and rheological properties of asphalt binders used in road construction. Two types of biochar (BH) were produced via slow pyrolysis at 300 °C (BH1) and 550 °C (BH2) with a residence time of 1 h, and were incorporated into unaged, short-term aged (RTFO), and long-term aged (PAV) asphalt binders. Phenolic compounds of the BHs were identified by liquid chromatography, while their antioxidant effect on asphalt binders was assessed using spectroscopic analyses. Physical properties (rotational viscosity, penetration, softening point, Fraass breaking point) and rheological properties (rutting parameter G*/sin(δ), Rheological Ageing Index, multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), fatigue parameter (G*∙sin(δ), crossover temperature, and complex modulus |G*|) were measured in all ageing states. The results revealed that both BHs mitigated binder ageing, as evidenced by reductions in ageing indices and oxygenated structures. BH1’s antioxidant effect was attributed to its phenolic compounds, whereas BH2’s effect was attributed to its porous morphology, which facilitated the adsorption of volatiles. Physically, BH reduced viscosity by up to 16 % after PAV ageing, maintained penetration, and lowered the softening point, although Fraass breaking points increased due to particle stiffening. Rheologically, BH improved rutting resistance by up to 8 % during the early ageing stages. After PAV ageing, it mitigated stiffness gain, preserved viscoelastic behaviour, and reduced |G*| at low temperatures compared with the controls. Overall, recycled hazelnut shell BH enhanced the ageing resistance and thermal stability of bituminous binders through distinct mechanisms, offering a potentially viable option to extend the service life of road pavement materials.
published_date 2026-03-07T12:39:37Z
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score 11.453587

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