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Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics

G. Krishnamurthy Grandhi Orcid Logo, Bruno Damien, Zeynab Skafi, Kezia Sasitharan Orcid Logo, Hani Kanaan, Hasan Alkhatib, Sadok Ben Dkhil, Matt Carnie Orcid Logo, Marina Freitag Orcid Logo, Thomas M. Brown Orcid Logo, Paola Vivo Orcid Logo

ACS Energy Letters

Swansea University Author: Matt Carnie Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03760

Abstract

Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) can significantly reduce reliance on disposable batteries in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Yet, most evaluations use idealized lighting setups and single performance metrics, neglecting the influence of real indoor environments on device performance. This Perspective...

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Published in: ACS Energy Letters
ISSN: 2380-8195 2380-8195
Published: American Chemical Society (ACS) 2026
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71496
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spelling 2026-02-25T13:25:08.5372809 v2 71496 2026-02-25 Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics 73b367694366a646b90bb15db32bb8c0 0000-0002-4232-1967 Matt Carnie Matt Carnie true false 2026-02-25 EAAS Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) can significantly reduce reliance on disposable batteries in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Yet, most evaluations use idealized lighting setups and single performance metrics, neglecting the influence of real indoor environments on device performance. This Perspective advances a deployment-centered approach: (i) realistic testing under mixed or hybrid lighting (daylight + artificial); (ii) intelligent integration that aligns absorber bandgap, series-connected cells, geometric fill factor, and power management integrated circuits with workloads and duty cycles; and (iii) IoT-ready stability assessed under the same realistic indoor scenes and light/dark sequences. We propose a compact field-to-lab pipeline, translate it into voltage-matching design rules, and use photon-to-compute metrics to link harvested power to on-device sensing and learning. The goal is low-maintenance, battery-free nodes that scale reliably in buildings, logistics, and wearable applications─ultimately cutting electronic waste. Journal Article ACS Energy Letters 0 American Chemical Society (ACS) 2380-8195 2380-8195 16 2 2026 2026-02-16 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03760 Perspective COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee G.K.G. and P.V. thank the European Union’s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101169056. This work is part of the Research Council of Finland Flagship Programme, Photonics Research and Innovation (PREIN), decision number 346511. P.V. thanks the Research Council of Finland, Decision No. 347772. Z.S. and T.M.B. acknowledge financial support from the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) through the PRIN2022 PNRR INPOWER (project no. P2022PXS5S) and PRIN2022 REPLACE (project no. 2022C4YNP8) grants. K.S. thanks the Leverhulme Trust for a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship (ECF-2024-398). 2026-02-25T13:25:08.5372809 2026-02-25T13:18:41.0846165 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering G. Krishnamurthy Grandhi 0000-0001-9986-1000 1 Bruno Damien 2 Zeynab Skafi 3 Kezia Sasitharan 0000-0003-4677-3896 4 Hani Kanaan 5 Hasan Alkhatib 6 Sadok Ben Dkhil 7 Matt Carnie 0000-0002-4232-1967 8 Marina Freitag 0000-0002-4954-6851 9 Thomas M. Brown 0000-0003-2141-3587 10 Paola Vivo 0000-0003-2872-6922 11 71496__36311__d53a705d65904438b6f15f44f255c8ec.pdf 71496.VOR.pdf 2026-02-25T13:23:17.9649736 Output 5572716 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2026 The Authors. This publication is licensed under CC-BY 4.0 . true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
spellingShingle Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
Matt Carnie
title_short Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
title_full Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
title_fullStr Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
title_full_unstemmed Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
title_sort Underexplored Dimensions of Emerging Indoor Photovoltaics
author_id_str_mv 73b367694366a646b90bb15db32bb8c0
author_id_fullname_str_mv 73b367694366a646b90bb15db32bb8c0_***_Matt Carnie
author Matt Carnie
author2 G. Krishnamurthy Grandhi
Bruno Damien
Zeynab Skafi
Kezia Sasitharan
Hani Kanaan
Hasan Alkhatib
Sadok Ben Dkhil
Matt Carnie
Marina Freitag
Thomas M. Brown
Paola Vivo
format Journal article
container_title ACS Energy Letters
container_volume 0
publishDate 2026
institution Swansea University
issn 2380-8195
2380-8195
doi_str_mv 10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03760
publisher American Chemical Society (ACS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) can significantly reduce reliance on disposable batteries in Internet of Things (IoT) devices. Yet, most evaluations use idealized lighting setups and single performance metrics, neglecting the influence of real indoor environments on device performance. This Perspective advances a deployment-centered approach: (i) realistic testing under mixed or hybrid lighting (daylight + artificial); (ii) intelligent integration that aligns absorber bandgap, series-connected cells, geometric fill factor, and power management integrated circuits with workloads and duty cycles; and (iii) IoT-ready stability assessed under the same realistic indoor scenes and light/dark sequences. We propose a compact field-to-lab pipeline, translate it into voltage-matching design rules, and use photon-to-compute metrics to link harvested power to on-device sensing and learning. The goal is low-maintenance, battery-free nodes that scale reliably in buildings, logistics, and wearable applications─ultimately cutting electronic waste.
published_date 2026-02-16T05:37:38Z
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score 11.098395

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