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Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions

Antonio Smecca, Gert Aarts Orcid Logo, Chris Allton Orcid Logo, Ryan Bignell Orcid Logo, Benjamin Jäger Orcid Logo, Seung-il Nam Orcid Logo, Seyong Kim Orcid Logo, Jon-Ivar Skullerud Orcid Logo, Liang-Kai Wu Orcid Logo

Physical Review D, Volume: 112, Issue: 11

Swansea University Authors: Antonio Smecca, Gert Aarts Orcid Logo, Chris Allton Orcid Logo, Ryan Bignell Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1103/wjm8-4smh

Abstract

In the QCD phase diagram, the dependence of the pseudo-critical temperature, T_pc, on the baryon chemical potential, mu_B, is of fundamental interest. The variation of T_pc with mu_B is normally captured by kappa, the coefficient of the leading (quadratic) term of the polynomial expansion of T_pc wi...

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Published in: Physical Review D
ISSN: 2470-0010 2470-0029
Published: American Physical Society (APS) 2025
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The variation of T_pc with mu_B is normally captured by kappa, the coefficient of the leading (quadratic) term of the polynomial expansion of T_pc with mu_B. In this work, we present the first calculation of kappa using hadronic quantities. Simulating N_f=2+1 flavours of Wilson fermions on Fastsum ensembles, we calculate the O(mu_B^2) correction to mesonic correlation functions. By demanding degeneracy in the vector and axial-vector channels we obtain T_pc(mu_B) and hence kappa. 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S.&#x2009;K. is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant No. NRF-2021R1A2C1092701 funded by the Korean government (MEST) and by the Institute of Information &amp; Communication Technology Planning &amp; Evaluation grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT) (Grant No. IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437191).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2026-03-16T11:31:05.4733222</lastEdited><Created>2026-02-13T06:34:45.9320307</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Antonio</firstname><surname>Smecca</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Gert</firstname><surname>Aarts</surname><orcid>0000-0002-6038-3782</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Chris</firstname><surname>Allton</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0795-124X</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Ryan</firstname><surname>Bignell</surname><orcid>0000-0001-8401-1345</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Benjamin</firstname><surname>J&#xE4;ger</surname><orcid>0000-0003-2930-609x</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Seung-il</firstname><surname>Nam</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9603-9775</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Seyong</firstname><surname>Kim</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2102-7398</orcid><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Jon-Ivar</firstname><surname>Skullerud</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8255-0043</orcid><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Liang-Kai</firstname><surname>Wu</surname><orcid>0000-0002-6295-0496</orcid><order>9</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>71412__36416__17dadedc3e49401d9fed25f3c90cf9df.pdf</filename><originalFilename>71412.VoR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2026-03-16T11:23:36.3398941</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1330045</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs><OutputDur><Id>347</Id><DataControllerName>Chris Allton</DataControllerName><DataControllerOrcid>0000-0003-0795-124X</DataControllerOrcid><DataControllerEmail>c.allton@swansea.ac.uk</DataControllerEmail><IsDataAvailableOnline>true</IsDataAvailableOnline><DataNotAvailableOnlineReasonId xsi:nil="true"/><DurUrl>https://zenodo.org/records/14876523</DurUrl><IsDurRestrictions>false</IsDurRestrictions><DurRestrictionReasonId xsi:nil="true"/><DurEmbargoDate xsi:nil="true"/></OutputDur></OutputDurs></rfc1807>
spelling 2026-03-16T11:31:05.4733222 v2 71412 2026-02-13 Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions 9345a6afbdec2a30c155b7a154e7e3de Antonio Smecca Antonio Smecca true false 1ba0dad382dfe18348ec32fc65f3f3de 0000-0002-6038-3782 Gert Aarts Gert Aarts true false de706a260fa1e1e47430693e135f41c7 0000-0003-0795-124X Chris Allton Chris Allton true false ed4db571151f28021668b4a28b3db4d8 0000-0001-8401-1345 Ryan Bignell Ryan Bignell true false 2026-02-13 BGPS In the QCD phase diagram, the dependence of the pseudo-critical temperature, T_pc, on the baryon chemical potential, mu_B, is of fundamental interest. The variation of T_pc with mu_B is normally captured by kappa, the coefficient of the leading (quadratic) term of the polynomial expansion of T_pc with mu_B. In this work, we present the first calculation of kappa using hadronic quantities. Simulating N_f=2+1 flavours of Wilson fermions on Fastsum ensembles, we calculate the O(mu_B^2) correction to mesonic correlation functions. By demanding degeneracy in the vector and axial-vector channels we obtain T_pc(mu_B) and hence kappa. While lacking a continuum extrapolation and being away from the physical point, our results are consistent with previous works using thermodynamic observables (renormalised chiral condensate, strange quark number susceptibility) from lattice QCD simulations with staggered fermions. Journal Article Physical Review D 112 11 American Physical Society (APS) 2470-0010 2470-0029 15 12 2025 2025-12-15 10.1103/wjm8-4smh COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Other This work is supported by the UKRI Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Consolidated Grant No. ST/X000648/1. We are grateful to Supercomputing Wales for the use of their computing resources and to the Swansea Academy for Advanced Computing for support. R. B. acknowledges support from a Science Foundation Ireland Frontiers for the Future Project award with Grant No. SFI-21/FFP-P/10186. This work used the DiRAC Data Intensive service (DIaL2 / DIaL2.5) at the University of Leicester, managed by the University of Leicester Research Computing Service on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility ([59]). The DiRAC service at Leicester was funded by BEIS, UKRI and STFC capital funding and STFC operations grants. It also used the DiRAC Blue Gene Q Shared Petaflop system at the University of Edinburgh, operated by the Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility ([59]). This equipment was funded by BIS National E-infrastructure Capital Grant No. ST/K000411/1, STFC Capital Grant No. ST/H008845/1, and STFC DiRAC Operations Grants No. ST/K005804/1 and No. ST/K005790/1. DiRAC is part of the National E-Infrastructure. This work used the computing resources of the Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC). This work was performed using the PRACE Marconi-KNL resources hosted by CINECA, Italy. We acknowledge EuroHPC Joint Undertaking for awarding the project EHPC-EXT-2023E01-010 access to LUMI-C, Finland. S. K. is supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant No. NRF-2021R1A2C1092701 funded by the Korean government (MEST) and by the Institute of Information & Communication Technology Planning & Evaluation grant funded by the Korean government (Ministry of Science and ICT) (Grant No. IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437191). 2026-03-16T11:31:05.4733222 2026-02-13T06:34:45.9320307 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics Antonio Smecca 1 Gert Aarts 0000-0002-6038-3782 2 Chris Allton 0000-0003-0795-124X 3 Ryan Bignell 0000-0001-8401-1345 4 Benjamin Jäger 0000-0003-2930-609x 5 Seung-il Nam 0000-0001-9603-9775 6 Seyong Kim 0000-0002-2102-7398 7 Jon-Ivar Skullerud 0000-0002-8255-0043 8 Liang-Kai Wu 0000-0002-6295-0496 9 71412__36416__17dadedc3e49401d9fed25f3c90cf9df.pdf 71412.VoR.pdf 2026-03-16T11:23:36.3398941 Output 1330045 application/pdf Version of Record true Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 347 Chris Allton 0000-0003-0795-124X c.allton@swansea.ac.uk true https://zenodo.org/records/14876523 false
title Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
spellingShingle Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
Antonio Smecca
Gert Aarts
Chris Allton
Ryan Bignell
title_short Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
title_full Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
title_fullStr Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
title_full_unstemmed Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
title_sort Curvature of the pseudocritical line in the QCD phase diagram from mesonic lattice correlation functions
author_id_str_mv 9345a6afbdec2a30c155b7a154e7e3de
1ba0dad382dfe18348ec32fc65f3f3de
de706a260fa1e1e47430693e135f41c7
ed4db571151f28021668b4a28b3db4d8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 9345a6afbdec2a30c155b7a154e7e3de_***_Antonio Smecca
1ba0dad382dfe18348ec32fc65f3f3de_***_Gert Aarts
de706a260fa1e1e47430693e135f41c7_***_Chris Allton
ed4db571151f28021668b4a28b3db4d8_***_Ryan Bignell
author Antonio Smecca
Gert Aarts
Chris Allton
Ryan Bignell
author2 Antonio Smecca
Gert Aarts
Chris Allton
Ryan Bignell
Benjamin Jäger
Seung-il Nam
Seyong Kim
Jon-Ivar Skullerud
Liang-Kai Wu
format Journal article
container_title Physical Review D
container_volume 112
container_issue 11
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 2470-0010
2470-0029
doi_str_mv 10.1103/wjm8-4smh
publisher American Physical Society (APS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description In the QCD phase diagram, the dependence of the pseudo-critical temperature, T_pc, on the baryon chemical potential, mu_B, is of fundamental interest. The variation of T_pc with mu_B is normally captured by kappa, the coefficient of the leading (quadratic) term of the polynomial expansion of T_pc with mu_B. In this work, we present the first calculation of kappa using hadronic quantities. Simulating N_f=2+1 flavours of Wilson fermions on Fastsum ensembles, we calculate the O(mu_B^2) correction to mesonic correlation functions. By demanding degeneracy in the vector and axial-vector channels we obtain T_pc(mu_B) and hence kappa. While lacking a continuum extrapolation and being away from the physical point, our results are consistent with previous works using thermodynamic observables (renormalised chiral condensate, strange quark number susceptibility) from lattice QCD simulations with staggered fermions.
published_date 2025-12-15T05:34:01Z
_version_ 1860792107737808896
score 11.100184

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