Journal article 93 views
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering
Matthew Turner 
,
Thomas Jovic,
Lydia Bullock,
Laurence Hill,
Bethan Thomas,
Salvatore Gazze,
Thierry Maffeis ,
Lewis Francis ,
Karl Hawkins ,
Yannick M. Sillmann,
Ana M.P. Baggio,
Peter Dunstan ,
Cathy Thornton ,
Fernando P.S. Guastaldi,
Mark A. Randolph,
Iain Whitaker
,
Thomas Jovic,
Lydia Bullock,
Laurence Hill,
Bethan Thomas,
Salvatore Gazze,
Thierry Maffeis ,
Lewis Francis ,
Karl Hawkins ,
Yannick M. Sillmann,
Ana M.P. Baggio,
Peter Dunstan ,
Cathy Thornton ,
Fernando P.S. Guastaldi,
Mark A. Randolph,
Iain Whitaker
Carbohydrate Polymers, Start page: 124671
Swansea University Authors:
Matthew Turner , Thomas Jovic, Lydia Bullock, Laurence Hill, Bethan Thomas, Salvatore Gazze, Thierry Maffeis , Lewis Francis , Karl Hawkins , Peter Dunstan , Cathy Thornton , Iain Whitaker
Full text not available from this repository: check for access using links below.
DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124671
Abstract
Nanocellulose (NC) has gained significant traction as a viable material for tissue engineering. Whilst traditionally isolated from plants, tunicates offer a sustainable source of NC with high purity and high crystallinity, making tunicate-derived NC appropriate for 3D bioprinting applications. We in...
| Published in: | Carbohydrate Polymers |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 0144-8617 1879-1344 |
| Published: |
Elsevier BV
2025
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| Online Access: |
Check full text
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70871 |
| first_indexed |
2025-11-10T10:29:22Z |
|---|---|
| last_indexed |
2025-11-11T06:53:59Z |
| id |
cronfa70871 |
| recordtype |
SURis |
| fullrecord |
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Whilst traditionally isolated from plants, tunicates offer a sustainable source of NC with high purity and high crystallinity, making tunicate-derived NC appropriate for 3D bioprinting applications. We investigated 3 chemically distinct varieties of tunicate-derived NC: carboxymethylated (CTC), enzymatically pretreated (ETC), and oxidised (TTC). The physicochemical properties of each variant were characterised by SEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and mechanical compression. Notably, ETC had the lowest aspect ratio, smallest mean pore diameter, greatest optical clarity, and highest ultimate compressive strength under uniaxial loading, whilst the inverse was observed for TTC. Rheological analysis revealed a significantly higher loss tangent for ETC compared with CTC and TTC, along with a differential impact of temperature on the viscosity of each material. ETC demonstrated superior line width resolution both before and after calcium chloride crosslinking. All materials exhibited excellent biological compatibility with a stable turnover of cells as assessed by live/dead staining of embedded primary chondrocytes. NC was nonimmunogenic, and the implantation of NC into immunocompetent mice did not result in an adverse reaction. Tunicate NC has great potential for tissue engineering with excellent structural, biological, and mechanical properties for tissue engineering applications.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Carbohydrate Polymers</journal><volume>0</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>124671</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0144-8617</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1879-1344</issnElectronic><keywords>Nanocellulose; Bioprinting; CharacterisationTunicate; Biocompatibility; Biomaterial</keywords><publishedDay>8</publishedDay><publishedMonth>11</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2025</publishedYear><publishedDate>2025-11-08</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124671</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Medical School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MEDS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><funders>This study was supported by The Scar Free Foundation & Health and Care Research Wales Programme of research in Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, which has been established in the ReconRegen Research Centre at Swansea University in partnership with Swansea Bay University Health Board.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2025-11-10T10:29:16.5707849</lastEdited><Created>2025-11-10T10:19:02.8552734</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Medicine</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Matthew</firstname><surname>Turner</surname><orcid>0000-0002-1369-4051</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Thomas</firstname><surname>Jovic</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Lydia</firstname><surname>Bullock</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Laurence</firstname><surname>Hill</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Bethan</firstname><surname>Thomas</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Salvatore</firstname><surname>Gazze</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Thierry</firstname><surname>Maffeis</surname><orcid>0000-0003-2357-0092</orcid><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Lewis</firstname><surname>Francis</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7803-7714</orcid><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Karl</firstname><surname>Hawkins</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0174-4151</orcid><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Yannick M.</firstname><surname>Sillmann</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Ana M.P.</firstname><surname>Baggio</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Peter</firstname><surname>Dunstan</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4337-4307</orcid><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Cathy</firstname><surname>Thornton</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5153-573X</orcid><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Fernando P.S.</firstname><surname>Guastaldi</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Mark A.</firstname><surname>Randolph</surname><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>Iain</firstname><surname>Whitaker</surname><orcid/><order>16</order></author></authors><documents/><OutputDurs/></rfc1807> |
| spelling |
2025-11-10T10:29:16.5707849 v2 70871 2025-11-10 Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering d6ee69e43774ed1124d27923140b1e0b 0000-0002-1369-4051 Matthew Turner Matthew Turner true false 7d95ed2bceb18fc0fdfd4048277c6eed Thomas Jovic Thomas Jovic true false ae8a3f5d1bfe72b0591376298a6b5ab4 Lydia Bullock Lydia Bullock true false cae9169a5c680004faa164faad4e6848 Laurence Hill Laurence Hill true false 09ea6b20932c7cf460b9e3459130be1f Bethan Thomas Bethan Thomas true false 586f1f49652b97c5c3ab99a45a1c58bf Salvatore Gazze Salvatore Gazze true false 992eb4cb18b61c0cd3da6e0215ac787c 0000-0003-2357-0092 Thierry Maffeis Thierry Maffeis true false 10f61f9c1248951c1a33f6a89498f37d 0000-0002-7803-7714 Lewis Francis Lewis Francis true false 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053 0000-0003-0174-4151 Karl Hawkins Karl Hawkins true false eada15d4d33fcb3dfddcff43f1323bd6 0000-0002-4337-4307 Peter Dunstan Peter Dunstan true false c71a7a4be7361094d046d312202bce0c 0000-0002-5153-573X Cathy Thornton Cathy Thornton true false 830074c59291938a55b480dcbee4697e Iain Whitaker Iain Whitaker true false 2025-11-10 MEDS Nanocellulose (NC) has gained significant traction as a viable material for tissue engineering. Whilst traditionally isolated from plants, tunicates offer a sustainable source of NC with high purity and high crystallinity, making tunicate-derived NC appropriate for 3D bioprinting applications. We investigated 3 chemically distinct varieties of tunicate-derived NC: carboxymethylated (CTC), enzymatically pretreated (ETC), and oxidised (TTC). The physicochemical properties of each variant were characterised by SEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and mechanical compression. Notably, ETC had the lowest aspect ratio, smallest mean pore diameter, greatest optical clarity, and highest ultimate compressive strength under uniaxial loading, whilst the inverse was observed for TTC. Rheological analysis revealed a significantly higher loss tangent for ETC compared with CTC and TTC, along with a differential impact of temperature on the viscosity of each material. ETC demonstrated superior line width resolution both before and after calcium chloride crosslinking. All materials exhibited excellent biological compatibility with a stable turnover of cells as assessed by live/dead staining of embedded primary chondrocytes. NC was nonimmunogenic, and the implantation of NC into immunocompetent mice did not result in an adverse reaction. Tunicate NC has great potential for tissue engineering with excellent structural, biological, and mechanical properties for tissue engineering applications. Journal Article Carbohydrate Polymers 0 124671 Elsevier BV 0144-8617 1879-1344 Nanocellulose; Bioprinting; CharacterisationTunicate; Biocompatibility; Biomaterial 8 11 2025 2025-11-08 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124671 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This study was supported by The Scar Free Foundation & Health and Care Research Wales Programme of research in Reconstructive Surgery & Regenerative Medicine, which has been established in the ReconRegen Research Centre at Swansea University in partnership with Swansea Bay University Health Board. 2025-11-10T10:29:16.5707849 2025-11-10T10:19:02.8552734 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Matthew Turner 0000-0002-1369-4051 1 Thomas Jovic 2 Lydia Bullock 3 Laurence Hill 4 Bethan Thomas 5 Salvatore Gazze 6 Thierry Maffeis 0000-0003-2357-0092 7 Lewis Francis 0000-0002-7803-7714 8 Karl Hawkins 0000-0003-0174-4151 9 Yannick M. Sillmann 10 Ana M.P. Baggio 11 Peter Dunstan 0000-0002-4337-4307 12 Cathy Thornton 0000-0002-5153-573X 13 Fernando P.S. Guastaldi 14 Mark A. Randolph 15 Iain Whitaker 16 |
| title |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering |
| spellingShingle |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering Matthew Turner Thomas Jovic Lydia Bullock Laurence Hill Bethan Thomas Salvatore Gazze Thierry Maffeis Lewis Francis Karl Hawkins Peter Dunstan Cathy Thornton Iain Whitaker |
| title_short |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering |
| title_full |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering |
| title_fullStr |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering |
| title_sort |
Characterisation, biocompatibility, and immunogenicity of tunicate-derived nanocellulose for tissue engineering |
| author_id_str_mv |
d6ee69e43774ed1124d27923140b1e0b 7d95ed2bceb18fc0fdfd4048277c6eed ae8a3f5d1bfe72b0591376298a6b5ab4 cae9169a5c680004faa164faad4e6848 09ea6b20932c7cf460b9e3459130be1f 586f1f49652b97c5c3ab99a45a1c58bf 992eb4cb18b61c0cd3da6e0215ac787c 10f61f9c1248951c1a33f6a89498f37d 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053 eada15d4d33fcb3dfddcff43f1323bd6 c71a7a4be7361094d046d312202bce0c 830074c59291938a55b480dcbee4697e |
| author_id_fullname_str_mv |
d6ee69e43774ed1124d27923140b1e0b_***_Matthew Turner 7d95ed2bceb18fc0fdfd4048277c6eed_***_Thomas Jovic ae8a3f5d1bfe72b0591376298a6b5ab4_***_Lydia Bullock cae9169a5c680004faa164faad4e6848_***_Laurence Hill 09ea6b20932c7cf460b9e3459130be1f_***_Bethan Thomas 586f1f49652b97c5c3ab99a45a1c58bf_***_Salvatore Gazze 992eb4cb18b61c0cd3da6e0215ac787c_***_Thierry Maffeis 10f61f9c1248951c1a33f6a89498f37d_***_Lewis Francis 77c39404a9a98c6e2283d84815cba053_***_Karl Hawkins eada15d4d33fcb3dfddcff43f1323bd6_***_Peter Dunstan c71a7a4be7361094d046d312202bce0c_***_Cathy Thornton 830074c59291938a55b480dcbee4697e_***_Iain Whitaker |
| author |
Matthew Turner Thomas Jovic Lydia Bullock Laurence Hill Bethan Thomas Salvatore Gazze Thierry Maffeis Lewis Francis Karl Hawkins Peter Dunstan Cathy Thornton Iain Whitaker |
| author2 |
Matthew Turner Thomas Jovic Lydia Bullock Laurence Hill Bethan Thomas Salvatore Gazze Thierry Maffeis Lewis Francis Karl Hawkins Yannick M. Sillmann Ana M.P. Baggio Peter Dunstan Cathy Thornton Fernando P.S. Guastaldi Mark A. Randolph Iain Whitaker |
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Journal article |
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Carbohydrate Polymers |
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124671 |
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2025 |
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Swansea University |
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0144-8617 1879-1344 |
| doi_str_mv |
10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124671 |
| publisher |
Elsevier BV |
| college_str |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
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|
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facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences |
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Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
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facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences |
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Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
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Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine |
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| description |
Nanocellulose (NC) has gained significant traction as a viable material for tissue engineering. Whilst traditionally isolated from plants, tunicates offer a sustainable source of NC with high purity and high crystallinity, making tunicate-derived NC appropriate for 3D bioprinting applications. We investigated 3 chemically distinct varieties of tunicate-derived NC: carboxymethylated (CTC), enzymatically pretreated (ETC), and oxidised (TTC). The physicochemical properties of each variant were characterised by SEM, AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and mechanical compression. Notably, ETC had the lowest aspect ratio, smallest mean pore diameter, greatest optical clarity, and highest ultimate compressive strength under uniaxial loading, whilst the inverse was observed for TTC. Rheological analysis revealed a significantly higher loss tangent for ETC compared with CTC and TTC, along with a differential impact of temperature on the viscosity of each material. ETC demonstrated superior line width resolution both before and after calcium chloride crosslinking. All materials exhibited excellent biological compatibility with a stable turnover of cells as assessed by live/dead staining of embedded primary chondrocytes. NC was nonimmunogenic, and the implantation of NC into immunocompetent mice did not result in an adverse reaction. Tunicate NC has great potential for tissue engineering with excellent structural, biological, and mechanical properties for tissue engineering applications. |
| published_date |
2025-11-08T05:31:53Z |
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1851098098324996096 |
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11.089386 |