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Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders

Rodrigo Delgadillo, Araceli González, Ixa Marzal, Jose L. Concha Orcid Logo, Cristina Segura, Luis E. Arteaga-Pérez Orcid Logo, Jose Norambuena-Contreras Orcid Logo

Polymers, Volume: 17, Issue: 18, Start page: 2449

Swansea University Author: Jose Norambuena-Contreras Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/polym17182449

Abstract

This study investigates the rheological and chemical effects of waste tire pyrolytic oil (TPO) and its encapsulation (POC) as rejuvenators for asphalt binders. Driven by the need for sustainable and effective strategies to Recycle Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), we investigated the use of TPO in t...

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Published in: Polymers
ISSN: 2073-4360
Published: MDPI AG 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70442
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spelling 2025-10-30T11:19:57.5106470 v2 70442 2025-09-22 Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders 73c6854ebb10465fbf7faab297135641 0000-0001-8327-2236 Jose Norambuena-Contreras Jose Norambuena-Contreras true false 2025-09-22 ACEM This study investigates the rheological and chemical effects of waste tire pyrolytic oil (TPO) and its encapsulation (POC) as rejuvenators for asphalt binders. Driven by the need for sustainable and effective strategies to Recycle Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), we investigated the use of TPO in two forms: as a liquid additive and as polymer capsules. The capsules, made in a 1:5 mass ratio (one part polymer, five parts TPO), were assessed through two methods: rheological tests (dynamic modulus and phase angles) and chemical composition analysis (carbonyl and sulfoxide indices). The binders underwent three aging levels: unaged, primary aging (RTFO), and secondary aging (PAV). Five liquid TPO dosages (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 9% by weight) and three encapsulated TPO dosages (6%, 9%, 12% by weight) were tested. Results show that TPO reduces stiffness, increases viscous response, and lowers aging indices, with higher dosages enhancing the effect. Quantitatively, 9% liquid TPO restores PAV-aged binder to near-unaged conditions, suitable for RAP recycling, while 4% release from POCs achieves rejuvenation comparable to RTFO-aged binders, enabling self-healing applications. The estimated release of TPO from POCs during mixing was 20–40%, ensuring a gradual softening effect. These findings highlight the potential of TPO and POC in enhancing asphalt durability and recycling. Journal Article Polymers 17 18 2449 MDPI AG 2073-4360 rejuvenator; asphalt; encapsulation; recycling; waste tires; pyrolysis 10 9 2025 2025-09-10 10.3390/polym17182449 COLLEGE NANME Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE ACEM Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This research was partially funded by the Chilean National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), through the FONDEF program IDeA R&D 2021, grant number ID21I10127. 2025-10-30T11:19:57.5106470 2025-09-22T09:04:29.4570247 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering Rodrigo Delgadillo 1 Araceli González 2 Ixa Marzal 3 Jose L. Concha 0000-0003-3746-651x 4 Cristina Segura 5 Luis E. Arteaga-Pérez 0000-0003-3982-4165 6 Jose Norambuena-Contreras 0000-0001-8327-2236 7 70442__35152__5c9c1634777746bfb7849643465164ca.pdf 70442.pdf 2025-09-22T09:07:42.7045266 Output 4603271 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 by the authors. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
spellingShingle Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
Jose Norambuena-Contreras
title_short Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
title_full Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
title_fullStr Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
title_full_unstemmed Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
title_sort Rheological and Chemical Effects of Waste Tire Pyrolytic Oil and Its Encapsulation as Rejuvenators on Asphalt Binders
author_id_str_mv 73c6854ebb10465fbf7faab297135641
author_id_fullname_str_mv 73c6854ebb10465fbf7faab297135641_***_Jose Norambuena-Contreras
author Jose Norambuena-Contreras
author2 Rodrigo Delgadillo
Araceli González
Ixa Marzal
Jose L. Concha
Cristina Segura
Luis E. Arteaga-Pérez
Jose Norambuena-Contreras
format Journal article
container_title Polymers
container_volume 17
container_issue 18
container_start_page 2449
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 2073-4360
doi_str_mv 10.3390/polym17182449
publisher MDPI AG
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description This study investigates the rheological and chemical effects of waste tire pyrolytic oil (TPO) and its encapsulation (POC) as rejuvenators for asphalt binders. Driven by the need for sustainable and effective strategies to Recycle Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), we investigated the use of TPO in two forms: as a liquid additive and as polymer capsules. The capsules, made in a 1:5 mass ratio (one part polymer, five parts TPO), were assessed through two methods: rheological tests (dynamic modulus and phase angles) and chemical composition analysis (carbonyl and sulfoxide indices). The binders underwent three aging levels: unaged, primary aging (RTFO), and secondary aging (PAV). Five liquid TPO dosages (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 9% by weight) and three encapsulated TPO dosages (6%, 9%, 12% by weight) were tested. Results show that TPO reduces stiffness, increases viscous response, and lowers aging indices, with higher dosages enhancing the effect. Quantitatively, 9% liquid TPO restores PAV-aged binder to near-unaged conditions, suitable for RAP recycling, while 4% release from POCs achieves rejuvenation comparable to RTFO-aged binders, enabling self-healing applications. The estimated release of TPO from POCs during mixing was 20–40%, ensuring a gradual softening effect. These findings highlight the potential of TPO and POC in enhancing asphalt durability and recycling.
published_date 2025-09-10T12:39:44Z
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