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Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment

JAMES ELLIS, Davide Balatti, Hamed Haddad Khodaparast Orcid Logo, Shakir Jiffri Orcid Logo, Michael Friswell

Journal of Aircraft, Volume: 62, Issue: 4, Pages: 847 - 856

Swansea University Authors: JAMES ELLIS, Davide Balatti, Hamed Haddad Khodaparast Orcid Logo, Shakir Jiffri Orcid Logo, Michael Friswell

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DOI (Published version): 10.2514/1.c038141

Abstract

The development of lighter and more efficient transport aircraft has increased the focus on reducing gust loads. One recent design innovation is the use of hinged wingtip devices to increase the aspect ratio, thereby enhancing aircraft performance. Experimental tests have demonstrated that passive h...

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Published in: Journal of Aircraft
ISSN: 0021-8669 1533-3868
Published: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70411
first_indexed 2025-09-20T15:28:03Z
last_indexed 2025-10-31T18:11:51Z
id cronfa70411
recordtype SURis
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spelling 2025-10-30T08:54:33.8510868 v2 70411 2025-09-20 Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment 6a44c3b0bedf1d5f8c994b2252206772 JAMES ELLIS JAMES ELLIS true false 4c58ba20bbabfef44b00b143e96b37e1 Davide Balatti Davide Balatti true false f207b17edda9c4c3ea074cbb7555efc1 0000-0002-3721-4980 Hamed Haddad Khodaparast Hamed Haddad Khodaparast true false 1d7a7d2a8f10ec98afed15a4b4b791c4 0000-0002-5570-5783 Shakir Jiffri Shakir Jiffri true false 5894777b8f9c6e64bde3568d68078d40 Michael Friswell Michael Friswell true false 2025-09-20 The development of lighter and more efficient transport aircraft has increased the focus on reducing gust loads. One recent design innovation is the use of hinged wingtip devices to increase the aspect ratio, thereby enhancing aircraft performance. Experimental tests have demonstrated that passive hinged wingtips can provide additional gust load alleviation. This study introduces a brushed DC motor in the hinge to control wingtip rotation, improving gust load reduction through a proportional-derivative control. A lightweight wingtip was designed to be either freehinged or actively controlled by the motor, with the motor configuration also allowing for a fixed wingtip option. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to test responses to 1-cosine and harmonic gusts for all wingtip configurations to measure the root bending moment caused by gusts. Additionally, the effects of nonzero angles of attack at the root, simulating takeoff conditions, and varying starting fold angles of the wingtip were examined to determine their impact on root loads under gust conditions. The results showed that an active wingtip significantly reduces both positive and negative peaks in the root bending moment and identified some limitations of passive wingtips, such as flapping at higher gust frequencies. Journal Article Journal of Aircraft 62 4 847 856 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) 0021-8669 1533-3868 Gust Load Alleviation, Active Control, Aeroelasticity 1 7 2025 2025-07-01 10.2514/1.c038141 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University The authors of this work would like to give thanks to the EPSRC Impact Acceleration Account. James D. Ellis would also acknowledge the EPSRC Doctoral Training Programme and the Faculty of Science and Engineering at Swansea University. 2025-10-30T08:54:33.8510868 2025-09-20T16:18:27.5463548 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering JAMES ELLIS 1 Davide Balatti 2 Hamed Haddad Khodaparast 0000-0002-3721-4980 3 Shakir Jiffri 0000-0002-5570-5783 4 Michael Friswell 5
title Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
spellingShingle Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
JAMES ELLIS
Davide Balatti
Hamed Haddad Khodaparast
Shakir Jiffri
Michael Friswell
title_short Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
title_full Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
title_fullStr Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
title_full_unstemmed Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
title_sort Active Hinged Wingtip Control for Reducing Wing Root Bending Moment
author_id_str_mv 6a44c3b0bedf1d5f8c994b2252206772
4c58ba20bbabfef44b00b143e96b37e1
f207b17edda9c4c3ea074cbb7555efc1
1d7a7d2a8f10ec98afed15a4b4b791c4
5894777b8f9c6e64bde3568d68078d40
author_id_fullname_str_mv 6a44c3b0bedf1d5f8c994b2252206772_***_JAMES ELLIS
4c58ba20bbabfef44b00b143e96b37e1_***_Davide Balatti
f207b17edda9c4c3ea074cbb7555efc1_***_Hamed Haddad Khodaparast
1d7a7d2a8f10ec98afed15a4b4b791c4_***_Shakir Jiffri
5894777b8f9c6e64bde3568d68078d40_***_Michael Friswell
author JAMES ELLIS
Davide Balatti
Hamed Haddad Khodaparast
Shakir Jiffri
Michael Friswell
author2 JAMES ELLIS
Davide Balatti
Hamed Haddad Khodaparast
Shakir Jiffri
Michael Friswell
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Aircraft
container_volume 62
container_issue 4
container_start_page 847
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 0021-8669
1533-3868
doi_str_mv 10.2514/1.c038141
publisher American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description The development of lighter and more efficient transport aircraft has increased the focus on reducing gust loads. One recent design innovation is the use of hinged wingtip devices to increase the aspect ratio, thereby enhancing aircraft performance. Experimental tests have demonstrated that passive hinged wingtips can provide additional gust load alleviation. This study introduces a brushed DC motor in the hinge to control wingtip rotation, improving gust load reduction through a proportional-derivative control. A lightweight wingtip was designed to be either freehinged or actively controlled by the motor, with the motor configuration also allowing for a fixed wingtip option. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to test responses to 1-cosine and harmonic gusts for all wingtip configurations to measure the root bending moment caused by gusts. Additionally, the effects of nonzero angles of attack at the root, simulating takeoff conditions, and varying starting fold angles of the wingtip were examined to determine their impact on root loads under gust conditions. The results showed that an active wingtip significantly reduces both positive and negative peaks in the root bending moment and identified some limitations of passive wingtips, such as flapping at higher gust frequencies.
published_date 2025-07-01T05:30:48Z
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score 11.089386

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