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On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions

Edwin Beggs Orcid Logo, John Tucker Orcid Logo, Victoria Wang

Journal of Cybersecurity, Volume: 11, Issue: 1, Start page: tyaf023

Swansea University Authors: Edwin Beggs Orcid Logo, John Tucker Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1093/cybsec/tyaf023

Abstract

We propose an abstract conceptual framework for analysing complex security systems using a new notion of modes and mode transitions. A mode is an independent component of a system with its own objectives, monitoring data, algorithms, and scope and limits. The behaviour of a mode, including its trans...

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Published in: Journal of Cybersecurity
ISSN: 2057-2085 2057-2093
Published: Oxford University Press (OUP) 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70365
first_indexed 2025-09-16T14:36:46Z
last_indexed 2025-09-17T05:54:04Z
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spelling 2025-09-16T15:38:33.9597622 v2 70365 2025-09-16 On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions a0062e7cf6d68f05151560cdf9d14e75 0000-0002-3139-0983 Edwin Beggs Edwin Beggs true false 431b3060563ed44cc68c7056ece2f85e 0000-0003-4689-8760 John Tucker John Tucker true false 2025-09-16 MACS We propose an abstract conceptual framework for analysing complex security systems using a new notion of modes and mode transitions. A mode is an independent component of a system with its own objectives, monitoring data, algorithms, and scope and limits. The behaviour of a mode, including its transitions to other modes, is determined by interpretations of the mode’s monitoring data in the light of its objectives and capabilities—these interpretations we call beliefs. We formalise the conceptual framework mathematically and show how to quantify and visualise beliefs in higher-dimensional geometric spaces. The mathematical models are based on simplicial complexes. Our theoretical models are intended to help design, analyse, evaluate and explain systems that provide human-centred services facilitated by software, when confronted by critical security situations, both human and digital. Journal Article Journal of Cybersecurity 11 1 tyaf023 Oxford University Press (OUP) 2057-2085 2057-2093 security scenarios; critical incidents; explainable systems; resilience; hierarchical systems; modes; mode transitions; belief functions; simplicial complexes 2 9 2025 2025-09-02 10.1093/cybsec/tyaf023 COLLEGE NANME Mathematics and Computer Science School COLLEGE CODE MACS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee The authors would like to acknowledge the support by UK’s Accelerated Capability Environment ACE-C391 National Security Tech Surprise. 2025-09-16T15:38:33.9597622 2025-09-16T15:27:15.5498478 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science Edwin Beggs 0000-0002-3139-0983 1 John Tucker 0000-0003-4689-8760 2 Victoria Wang 3 70365__35096__52e2cc4c22ef4fd9b1074806cb32c210.pdf 70365.VOR.pdf 2025-09-16T15:35:49.3027688 Output 836416 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2025. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
spellingShingle On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
Edwin Beggs
John Tucker
title_short On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
title_full On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
title_fullStr On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
title_full_unstemmed On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
title_sort On human-centred security: a new systems model based on modes and mode transitions
author_id_str_mv a0062e7cf6d68f05151560cdf9d14e75
431b3060563ed44cc68c7056ece2f85e
author_id_fullname_str_mv a0062e7cf6d68f05151560cdf9d14e75_***_Edwin Beggs
431b3060563ed44cc68c7056ece2f85e_***_John Tucker
author Edwin Beggs
John Tucker
author2 Edwin Beggs
John Tucker
Victoria Wang
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Cybersecurity
container_volume 11
container_issue 1
container_start_page tyaf023
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 2057-2085
2057-2093
doi_str_mv 10.1093/cybsec/tyaf023
publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description We propose an abstract conceptual framework for analysing complex security systems using a new notion of modes and mode transitions. A mode is an independent component of a system with its own objectives, monitoring data, algorithms, and scope and limits. The behaviour of a mode, including its transitions to other modes, is determined by interpretations of the mode’s monitoring data in the light of its objectives and capabilities—these interpretations we call beliefs. We formalise the conceptual framework mathematically and show how to quantify and visualise beliefs in higher-dimensional geometric spaces. The mathematical models are based on simplicial complexes. Our theoretical models are intended to help design, analyse, evaluate and explain systems that provide human-centred services facilitated by software, when confronted by critical security situations, both human and digital.
published_date 2025-09-02T05:32:29Z
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score 11.096254

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