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Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures

Zhanfeng Li, Yafei Wang, Zuodong Wang, Chennakesava Kadapa Orcid Logo, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo, Xiaohu Yao, Jiong Wang Orcid Logo

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, Volume: 200, Start page: 106089

Swansea University Authors: Chennakesava Kadapa Orcid Logo, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106089

Abstract

Magneto-mechanical coupling in the growth of soft materials presents challenges due to the complex interactions between magnetic fields, mechanical forces, and growth-induced deformations. While growth modeling has been extensively studied, integrating magnetic stimuli into growth processes remains...

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Published in: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids
ISSN: 0022-5096
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69035
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While growth modeling has been extensively studied, integrating magnetic stimuli into growth processes remains underexplored. In this work, we develop a 3D governing system for capturing the coupled magneto-mechanical growth behaviors of soft materials. Based on the governing system, we propose a finite element framework, where the robustness and accuracy of the proposed framework are demonstrated through numerical simulations, including the uniaxial loading of a circular tube, a mesh convergence study, and surface pattern evolution. We also conduct experiments on surface pattern modulation in magneto-active soft materials. Specifically, we fabricate film&#x2013;substrate samples and apply growth-induced instabilities combined with external magnetic fields to generate tunable surface patterns. To demonstrate the capabilities of our method, we apply our numerical framework to mimic the biological morphogenesis, such as the inversion process of the algal genus Volvox. Our study shows that integrating magneto-mechanical coupling with growth effects allows for flexible control over surface patterns, significantly enhancing the adaptability and responsiveness of soft materials. 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spelling 2025-04-14T12:40:13.4369281 v2 69035 2025-03-05 Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures de01927f8c2c4ad9dcc034c327ac8de1 0000-0001-6092-9047 Chennakesava Kadapa Chennakesava Kadapa true false 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd 0000-0002-4616-1104 Mokarram Hossain Mokarram Hossain true false 2025-03-05 MACS Magneto-mechanical coupling in the growth of soft materials presents challenges due to the complex interactions between magnetic fields, mechanical forces, and growth-induced deformations. While growth modeling has been extensively studied, integrating magnetic stimuli into growth processes remains underexplored. In this work, we develop a 3D governing system for capturing the coupled magneto-mechanical growth behaviors of soft materials. Based on the governing system, we propose a finite element framework, where the robustness and accuracy of the proposed framework are demonstrated through numerical simulations, including the uniaxial loading of a circular tube, a mesh convergence study, and surface pattern evolution. We also conduct experiments on surface pattern modulation in magneto-active soft materials. Specifically, we fabricate film–substrate samples and apply growth-induced instabilities combined with external magnetic fields to generate tunable surface patterns. To demonstrate the capabilities of our method, we apply our numerical framework to mimic the biological morphogenesis, such as the inversion process of the algal genus Volvox. Our study shows that integrating magneto-mechanical coupling with growth effects allows for flexible control over surface patterns, significantly enhancing the adaptability and responsiveness of soft materials. This work paves the way for innovative designs of adaptive and programmable soft materials, with potential applications in soft robotics, biomimetic structures, and tissue engineering. Journal Article Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 200 106089 Elsevier BV 0022-5096 Magneto-elasticity; Differential growth; Finite element analysis; Surface pattern evolution; Shape control 1 7 2025 2025-07-01 10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106089 COLLEGE NANME Mathematics and Computer Science School COLLEGE CODE MACS Swansea University National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No.: 12172133) Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Project No.: 2022A1515010653) Royal Society (UK) through the International Exchange Grant (IEC/NSFC/211316) Postdoctoral Innovation Talent Support Program of China (No.: BX20240119). 2025-04-14T12:40:13.4369281 2025-03-05T14:44:38.5999197 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering Zhanfeng Li 1 Yafei Wang 2 Zuodong Wang 3 Chennakesava Kadapa 0000-0001-6092-9047 4 Mokarram Hossain 0000-0002-4616-1104 5 Xiaohu Yao 6 Jiong Wang 0000-0002-8822-3596 7 69035__33734__8382cee6ab6e4962b16d7b754c098bbb.pdf 69035.pdf 2025-03-05T14:49:42.5177576 Output 19800889 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true Author accepted manuscript document released under the terms of a Creative Commons CC-BY licence using the Swansea University Research Publications Policy (rights retention). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
title Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
spellingShingle Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
Chennakesava Kadapa
Mokarram Hossain
title_short Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
title_full Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
title_fullStr Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
title_full_unstemmed Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
title_sort Coupled magneto-mechanical growth in hyperelastic materials: Surface patterns modulation and shape control in bio-inspired structures
author_id_str_mv de01927f8c2c4ad9dcc034c327ac8de1
140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd
author_id_fullname_str_mv de01927f8c2c4ad9dcc034c327ac8de1_***_Chennakesava Kadapa
140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd_***_Mokarram Hossain
author Chennakesava Kadapa
Mokarram Hossain
author2 Zhanfeng Li
Yafei Wang
Zuodong Wang
Chennakesava Kadapa
Mokarram Hossain
Xiaohu Yao
Jiong Wang
format Journal article
container_title Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids
container_volume 200
container_start_page 106089
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 0022-5096
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106089
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Magneto-mechanical coupling in the growth of soft materials presents challenges due to the complex interactions between magnetic fields, mechanical forces, and growth-induced deformations. While growth modeling has been extensively studied, integrating magnetic stimuli into growth processes remains underexplored. In this work, we develop a 3D governing system for capturing the coupled magneto-mechanical growth behaviors of soft materials. Based on the governing system, we propose a finite element framework, where the robustness and accuracy of the proposed framework are demonstrated through numerical simulations, including the uniaxial loading of a circular tube, a mesh convergence study, and surface pattern evolution. We also conduct experiments on surface pattern modulation in magneto-active soft materials. Specifically, we fabricate film–substrate samples and apply growth-induced instabilities combined with external magnetic fields to generate tunable surface patterns. To demonstrate the capabilities of our method, we apply our numerical framework to mimic the biological morphogenesis, such as the inversion process of the algal genus Volvox. Our study shows that integrating magneto-mechanical coupling with growth effects allows for flexible control over surface patterns, significantly enhancing the adaptability and responsiveness of soft materials. This work paves the way for innovative designs of adaptive and programmable soft materials, with potential applications in soft robotics, biomimetic structures, and tissue engineering.
published_date 2025-07-01T05:38:24Z
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