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Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus / ANDREW CUNNINGHAM

Swansea University Author: ANDREW CUNNINGHAM

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.68845

Abstract

Obesity and type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represent complex metabolic disorders that continue to evolve into major global public health challenges, which impose a substantial burden on health infrastructure and resources. Contributing to the pathophysiology of these conditions is the gut microbi...

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Published: Swansea, Wales, UK 2024
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Stephens, Jeffrey W. ; Harris, Dean A.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68845
first_indexed 2025-02-10T14:53:41Z
last_indexed 2025-02-11T05:54:03Z
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spelling 2025-02-10T15:22:44.2535291 v2 68845 2025-02-10 Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus 20f47db89741562fe1bd38c75759cfea ANDREW CUNNINGHAM ANDREW CUNNINGHAM true false 2025-02-10 Obesity and type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represent complex metabolic disorders that continue to evolve into major global public health challenges, which impose a substantial burden on health infrastructure and resources. Contributing to the pathophysiology of these conditions is the gut microbiome, a vast community of trillions of bacteria coexisting within the human bowel which play a pivotal role in human metabolism. While a substantial body of literature has offered evidence supporting the involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic diseases, the field remains in its early stages of development. The basic understanding of gut microbiota pathophysiology has sparked considerable interest in utilising microbiota for clinical applications. One rapidly emerging clinical modality is faecal microbiota transplant (FMT), designed to target and modify the intestinal microbiota which has demonstrated high effectiveness in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Although a small number of studies exploring FMT's potential to improve metabolic parameters have shown some early promise, it is important to note that this research is currently in the hypothesis-generating phase. This thesis delves into the development of, and analyses the results of a randomised feasibility study aimed at investigating FMT as a potential management strategy for individuals with T2DM and concurrent adiposity. The research encompasses a comprehensive examination of the microbiota profile of study participants revealing taxonomic differences, reduced alpha diversity metrics, and statistical associations with clinical biomarkers both before and after intervention. Additionally, it also includes an assessment of the clinical efficacy of FMT concerning biomarkers related to adiposity and glucose-insulin homeostasis, and explores the impact on participants' quality of life utilising a generic health status measurement tool. Lastly, it details an account of the successful establishment of a non-related frozen faecal donor programme. E-Thesis Swansea, Wales, UK faecal microbiota transplant, diabetes mellitus, obesity, microbiome 25 10 2024 2024-10-25 10.23889/SUthesis.68845 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Stephens, Jeffrey W. ; Harris, Dean A. Doctoral Ph.D 2025-02-10T15:22:44.2535291 2025-02-10T14:49:55.2164721 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science ANDREW CUNNINGHAM 1 68845__33556__f7f23abd07304a87959a403714357330.pdf Bridge_Owen_PhD_Thesis_Final_Cronfa.pdf 2025-02-10T15:13:42.4172041 Output 1442585 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The Author, Andrew L. Cunningham, 2024. true eng
title Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
spellingShingle Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
ANDREW CUNNINGHAM
title_short Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
title_full Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
title_fullStr Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
title_full_unstemmed Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
title_sort Faecal microbiota transplantation in the management of obesity and type two diabetes mellitus
author_id_str_mv 20f47db89741562fe1bd38c75759cfea
author_id_fullname_str_mv 20f47db89741562fe1bd38c75759cfea_***_ANDREW CUNNINGHAM
author ANDREW CUNNINGHAM
author2 ANDREW CUNNINGHAM
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.68845
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Obesity and type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represent complex metabolic disorders that continue to evolve into major global public health challenges, which impose a substantial burden on health infrastructure and resources. Contributing to the pathophysiology of these conditions is the gut microbiome, a vast community of trillions of bacteria coexisting within the human bowel which play a pivotal role in human metabolism. While a substantial body of literature has offered evidence supporting the involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic diseases, the field remains in its early stages of development. The basic understanding of gut microbiota pathophysiology has sparked considerable interest in utilising microbiota for clinical applications. One rapidly emerging clinical modality is faecal microbiota transplant (FMT), designed to target and modify the intestinal microbiota which has demonstrated high effectiveness in the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Although a small number of studies exploring FMT's potential to improve metabolic parameters have shown some early promise, it is important to note that this research is currently in the hypothesis-generating phase. This thesis delves into the development of, and analyses the results of a randomised feasibility study aimed at investigating FMT as a potential management strategy for individuals with T2DM and concurrent adiposity. The research encompasses a comprehensive examination of the microbiota profile of study participants revealing taxonomic differences, reduced alpha diversity metrics, and statistical associations with clinical biomarkers both before and after intervention. Additionally, it also includes an assessment of the clinical efficacy of FMT concerning biomarkers related to adiposity and glucose-insulin homeostasis, and explores the impact on participants' quality of life utilising a generic health status measurement tool. Lastly, it details an account of the successful establishment of a non-related frozen faecal donor programme.
published_date 2024-10-25T08:18:57Z
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score 11.055092

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