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Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication

M.H. Khan, Amit Das Orcid Logo, T.I. Khan, Z. Li, H.R. Kotadia

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Volume: 1012, Start page: 178500

Swansea University Author: Amit Das Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.178500

Abstract

In this study, the effects of solute Ti, chemical grain refiner (GR), and ultrasonication (UT) on the solidification behaviour and microstructure of a 6xxx (Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si) alloy with 1.0 wt% Fe impurity were examined. Primary-Al grains and eutectic Fe-intermetallic compounds (Fe-IMCs), predominantl...

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Published in: Journal of Alloys and Compounds
ISSN: 0925-8388
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68660
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spelling 2025-02-07T13:39:13.8488416 v2 68660 2025-01-08 Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication 4d785df766daed9a857c934bb130ed8b 0000-0002-7196-6254 Amit Das Amit Das true false 2025-01-08 EAAS In this study, the effects of solute Ti, chemical grain refiner (GR), and ultrasonication (UT) on the solidification behaviour and microstructure of a 6xxx (Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si) alloy with 1.0 wt% Fe impurity were examined. Primary-Al grains and eutectic Fe-intermetallic compounds (Fe-IMCs), predominantly α Al8Fe2Si/β Al9Fe2Si2, were identified as the major phases through thermodynamic prediction and microstructural observation. The results show that UT treatment produced the finest and most uniform microstructure, improving both grain refinement and Fe-IMC distribution, particularly compared to chemical methods. UT, when combined with GR, enhanced TiB2 dispersion and improved the nucleation of both Al grains and Fe-IMCs, leading to better refinement of the Fe-IMCs. Chemical inoculation also showed some effect, but UT consistently displayed finer, more uniform microstructures, and less aggregation of TiB2 particles. Although TiB2 particles appear to help nucleation of Fe-IMCs, refinement and distribution of the IMCs was primarily contributed by the size and distribution of intergranular liquid pockets, and consequently, the refinement of the Al-grain structure. Overall, the study highlights that UT, in combination with GR and TiB2, significantly improves the microstructure and controls Fe-IMC formation in high Fe 6xxx alloys, offering a promising approach for refining Al-Mg-Si alloys with high Fe content. Journal Article Journal of Alloys and Compounds 1012 178500 Elsevier BV 0925-8388 Aluminium alloys; Iron containing intermetallics; Solidification; Ultrasonication; Cavitation; Inoculation; Microstructure refinement 25 1 2025 2025-01-25 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.178500 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This research was funded by the Industrial Cooperative Awards in Science & Technology (CASE) (voucher no. 17000037). In addition to that, the characterisation facility is supported from the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE) fund and the WMG Centre for High Value Manufacturing Catapult is gratefully acknowledged. 2025-02-07T13:39:13.8488416 2025-01-08T00:27:37.7606973 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering M.H. Khan 1 Amit Das 0000-0002-7196-6254 2 T.I. Khan 3 Z. Li 4 H.R. Kotadia 5 68660__33533__e958de4c74974cc7b7112bb99d2a1fd7.pdf 68660.VoR.pdf 2025-02-07T13:36:51.4535855 Output 12670103 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
spellingShingle Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
Amit Das
title_short Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
title_full Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
title_fullStr Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
title_full_unstemmed Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
title_sort Microstructural modification in an Al-Mg-Si (6082) alloy with high Fe content using inoculation and/or high-intensity ultrasonication
author_id_str_mv 4d785df766daed9a857c934bb130ed8b
author_id_fullname_str_mv 4d785df766daed9a857c934bb130ed8b_***_Amit Das
author Amit Das
author2 M.H. Khan
Amit Das
T.I. Khan
Z. Li
H.R. Kotadia
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Alloys and Compounds
container_volume 1012
container_start_page 178500
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 0925-8388
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.178500
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
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department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description In this study, the effects of solute Ti, chemical grain refiner (GR), and ultrasonication (UT) on the solidification behaviour and microstructure of a 6xxx (Al-1.0Mg-1.0Si) alloy with 1.0 wt% Fe impurity were examined. Primary-Al grains and eutectic Fe-intermetallic compounds (Fe-IMCs), predominantly α Al8Fe2Si/β Al9Fe2Si2, were identified as the major phases through thermodynamic prediction and microstructural observation. The results show that UT treatment produced the finest and most uniform microstructure, improving both grain refinement and Fe-IMC distribution, particularly compared to chemical methods. UT, when combined with GR, enhanced TiB2 dispersion and improved the nucleation of both Al grains and Fe-IMCs, leading to better refinement of the Fe-IMCs. Chemical inoculation also showed some effect, but UT consistently displayed finer, more uniform microstructures, and less aggregation of TiB2 particles. Although TiB2 particles appear to help nucleation of Fe-IMCs, refinement and distribution of the IMCs was primarily contributed by the size and distribution of intergranular liquid pockets, and consequently, the refinement of the Al-grain structure. Overall, the study highlights that UT, in combination with GR and TiB2, significantly improves the microstructure and controls Fe-IMC formation in high Fe 6xxx alloys, offering a promising approach for refining Al-Mg-Si alloys with high Fe content.
published_date 2025-01-25T05:22:34Z
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