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General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants
Bin Zhou,
James E Bennett,
Aidan P Wickham,
Rosie K Singleton,
Anu Mishra,
Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco,
Nayu Ikeda,
Lakshya Jain,
Ana Barradas-Pires,
Rachel A Heap,
Victor PF Lhoste,
Kate E Sheffer,
Nowell H Phelps,
Archie W Rayner,
Edward W Gregg,
Mark Woodward,
Gretchen A Stevens,
Maria LC Iurilli,
Goodarz Danaei,
Mariachiara Di Cesare,
Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas,
Noor Ani Ahmad,
Pascal Bovet,
Zhengming Chen,
Albertino Damasceno,
Sarah L Filippi,
Imre Janszky,
Andre P Kengne,
Young-Ho Khang,
Kamlesh Khunti,
Avula Laxmaiah,
Lee-Ling Lim,
Lauren Lissner,
Paula Margozzini,
Jean Claude N Mbanya,
Stephen T McGarvey,
Jonathan E Shaw,
Stefan Söderberg,
Luis Adrián Soto-Mota,
Junyang Wang,
Francesco Zaccardi,
Leandra Abarca-Gómez,
Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari,
Shynar Abdrakhmanova,
Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar,
Hanan F Abdul Rahim,
Zulfiya Abdurrahmonova,
Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh,
Benjamin Acosta-Cazares,
Ishag Adam,
Marzena Adamczyk,
Wichai Aekplakorn,
Imelda A Agdeppa,
Javad Aghazadeh-Attari,
Charles Agyemang,
Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad,
Ali Ahmadi,
Naser Ahmadi,
Nastaran Ahmadi,
Soheir H Ahmed,
Wolfgang Ahrens,
Gulmira Aitmurzaeva,
Kamel Ajlouni,
Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa,
Halima Al-Hinai,
Jawad A Al-Lawati,
Rajaa Al-Raddadi,
Deena Al Asfoor,
Huda M Al Hourani,
Monira Alarouj,
Fadia AlBuhairan,
Shahla AlDhukair,
Mohamed M Ali,
Anna V Alieva,
Abdullah Alkandari,
Buthaina M Alkhatib,
Eman Aly,
Deepak N Amarapurkar,
Pilar Amiano Etxezarreta,
Norbert Amougou,
Lars Bo Andersen,
Sigmund A Anderssen,
Odysseas Androutsos,
Ranjit Mohan Anjana,
Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam,
Elena Anufrieva,
Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri,
Tahir Aris,
Raphael E Arku,
Nimmathota Arlappa,
Krishna K Aryal,
Felix K Assah,
Batyrbek Assembekov,
Maria Cecília F Assunção,
Juha Auvinen,
Mária Avdičová,
Kishwar Azad,
Ana Azevedo,
Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad,
Fereidoun Azizi,
Flora Bacopoulou,
Suhad Bahijri,
Izet Bajramovic,
Nagalla Balakrishna,
Mohamed Bamoshmoosh,
Maciej Banach,
Piotr Bandosz,
José R Banegas,
Rafał Baran,
Carlo M Barbagallo,
Valter Barbosa Filho,
Alberto Barceló,
Maja Baretić,
Joaquin Barnoya,
Lena Barrera,
Aluisio JD Barros,
Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros,
Abdul Basit,
Joao Luiz Bastos,
Anwar M Batieha,
Aline P Batista,
Rosangela L Batista,
Zhamilya Battakova,
Louise A Baur,
Pascal M Bayauli,
Silvia Bel-Serrat,
Antonisamy Belavendra,
Habiba Ben Romdhane,
Theodora Benedek,
Judith Benedics,
Mikhail Benet,
Gilda Estela Benitez Rolandi,
Michaela Benzeval,
Elling Bere,
Nicolas Berger,
Ingunn Holden Bergh,
Salim Berkinbayev,
Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz,
Heloísa Bettiol,
Augustin F Beybey,
Jorge Bezerra,
Aroor Bhagyalaxmi,
Santosh K Bhargava,
Elysée Claude Bika Lele,
Mukharram M Bikbov,
Bihungum Bista,
Dusko J Bjelica,
Peter Bjerregaard,
Espen Bjertness,
Marius B Bjertness,
Cecilia Björkelund,
Katia V Bloch,
Anneke Blokstra,
Simona Bo,
Martin Bobak,
Lynne M Boddy,
Bernhard O Boehm,
Jose G Boggia,
Elena Bogova,
Marialaura Bonaccio,
Alice Bonilla-Vargas,
Herman Borghs,
Steve Botomba,
Rupert Bourne,
Khadichamo Boymatova,
Lutgart Braeckman,
Tasanee Braithwaite,
Imperia Brajkovich,
Francesco Branca,
Hermann Brenner,
Lizzy M Brewster,
Yajaira Briceño,
Lacramioara Brinduse,
Bettina Bringolf-Isler,
Miguel Brito,
Johannes Brug,
Anna Bugge,
Frank Buntinx,
Marta Buoncristiano,
Con Burns,
Antonio Cabrera de León,
Roberta B Caixeta,
Tilema Cama,
Günay Can,
Ana Paula C Cândido,
Felicia Cañete,
Mario V Capanzana,
Naděžda Čapková,
Eduardo Capuano,
Rocco Capuano,
Vincenzo Capuano,
Viviane C Cardoso,
Axel C Carlsson,
Felipe F Casanueva,
Maribel Casas,
Laura Censi,
Marvin Cervantes‐Loaiza,
Parinya Chamnan,
Snehalatha Chamukuttan,
Queenie Chan,
Nish Chaturvedi,
Fangfang Chen,
Huashuai Chen,
Long-Sheng Chen,
Yiling J Cheng,
Bahman Cheraghian,
Angela Chetrit,
Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener,
Mai JM Chinapaw,
Anne Chinnock,
Arnaud Chiolero,
Adela Chirita-Emandi,
María-Dolores Chirlaque,
Chean Lin Chong,
Diego G Christofaro,
Jerzy Chudek,
Renata Cifkova,
Massimo Cirillo,
Frank Claessens,
Philip Clare,
Emmanuel Cohen,
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Lilia Yadira Cortés,
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Juan J Cruz,
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Sarah Cuschieri,
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Eleonora d'Orsi,
Haroldo da Silva-Ferreira,
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Jean Dallongeville,
Rachel Dankner,
Kairat Davletov,
Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos,
Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis,
Dirk De Bacquer,
Jaco De Bacquer,
Jeroen de Bont,
Amalia De Curtis,
Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig,
Giovanni de Gaetano,
Stefaan De Henauw,
Pilar De Miguel-Etayo,
Paula Duarte de Oliveira,
Karina Mary de Paiva,
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Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Júnior,
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Vincent Jr DeGennaro,
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Valérie Deschamps,
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María Pilar Díez Ripollés,
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Shirin Djalalinia,
Liria Dominguez,
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Chiara Donfrancesco,
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Ebrahim Eftekhar,
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Trevor S Ferguson,
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Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea,
Anup Ghimire,
Alessandro Gialluisi,
Simona Giampaoli,
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Glen Gironella,
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Konstantinos Gkiouras,
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Maung Maung Than Htike,
José María Huerta,
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Constanta Huidumac Petrescu,
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Demetre Labadarios,
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Daphne Lai,
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Gareth Stratton
The Lancet, Volume: 404, Issue: 10455, Pages: 851 - 863
Swansea University Author: Gareth Stratton
Full text not available from this repository: check for access using links below.
DOI (Published version): 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01405-3
Abstract
BackgroundAdiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics d...
Published in: | The Lancet |
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ISSN: | 0140-6736 |
Published: |
Elsevier BV
2024
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URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67555 |
first_indexed |
2024-09-04T14:02:34Z |
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2024-11-25T14:20:24Z |
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<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2024-10-28T13:16:29.8489570</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>67555</id><entry>2024-09-04</entry><title>General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-5618-0803</ORCID><firstname>Gareth</firstname><surname>Stratton</surname><name>Gareth Stratton</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2024-09-04</date><deptcode>EAAS</deptcode><abstract>BackgroundAdiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hypertension.MethodsWe used data from studies carried out from 1990 to 2023 on BMI, WHtR and hypertension in people aged 20–64 years in representative samples of the general population in eight world regions. We graphically compared the regional distributions of BMI and WHtR, and calculated Pearson's correlation coefficients between BMI and WHtR within each region. We used mixed-effects linear regression to estimate the extent to which WHtR varies across regions at the same BMI. We graphically examined the prevalence of hypertension and the distribution of people who have hypertension both in relation to BMI and WHtR, and we assessed how closely BMI and WHtR discriminate between participants with and without hypertension using C-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI).FindingsThe correlation between BMI and WHtR ranged from 0·76 to 0·89 within different regions. After adjusting for age and BMI, mean WHtR was highest in south Asia for both sexes, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. Mean WHtR was lowest in central and eastern Europe for both sexes, in the high-income western region for women, and in Oceania for men. Conversely, to achieve an equivalent WHtR, the BMI of the population of south Asia would need to be, on average, 2·79 kg/m2 (95% CI 2·31–3·28) lower for women and 1·28 kg/m2 (1·02–1·54) lower for men than in the high-income western region. In every region, hypertension prevalence increased with both BMI and WHtR. Models with either of these two adiposity metrics had virtually identical C-statistics and NRIs for every region and sex, with C-statistics ranging from 0·72 to 0·81 and NRIs ranging from 0·34 to 0·57 in different region and sex combinations. When both BMI and WHtR were used, performance improved only slightly compared with using either adiposity measure alone.InterpretationBMI can distinguish young and middle-aged adults with higher versus lower amounts of abdominal adiposity with moderate-to-high accuracy, and both BMI and WHtR distinguish people with or without hypertension. However, at the same BMI level, people in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa, have higher WHtR than in the other regions.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>The Lancet</journal><volume>404</volume><journalNumber>10455</journalNumber><paginationStart>851</paginationStart><paginationEnd>863</paginationEnd><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0140-6736</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords/><publishedDay>29</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2024</publishedYear><publishedDate>2024-08-29</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01405-3</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering and Applied Sciences School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EAAS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Another institution paid the OA fee</apcterm><funders>This study was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (grant number MR/V034057/1)
UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK grant number 10103595, for participation in the OBCT consortium funded by the EU grant agreement 101080250).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-10-28T13:16:29.8489570</lastEdited><Created>2024-09-04T14:57:41.3838253</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Bin</firstname><surname>Zhou</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>James E</firstname><surname>Bennett</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Aidan P</firstname><surname>Wickham</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Rosie K</firstname><surname>Singleton</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Anu</firstname><surname>Mishra</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Rodrigo 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2024-10-28T13:16:29.8489570 v2 67555 2024-09-04 General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01 0000-0001-5618-0803 Gareth Stratton Gareth Stratton true false 2024-09-04 EAAS BackgroundAdiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hypertension.MethodsWe used data from studies carried out from 1990 to 2023 on BMI, WHtR and hypertension in people aged 20–64 years in representative samples of the general population in eight world regions. We graphically compared the regional distributions of BMI and WHtR, and calculated Pearson's correlation coefficients between BMI and WHtR within each region. We used mixed-effects linear regression to estimate the extent to which WHtR varies across regions at the same BMI. We graphically examined the prevalence of hypertension and the distribution of people who have hypertension both in relation to BMI and WHtR, and we assessed how closely BMI and WHtR discriminate between participants with and without hypertension using C-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI).FindingsThe correlation between BMI and WHtR ranged from 0·76 to 0·89 within different regions. After adjusting for age and BMI, mean WHtR was highest in south Asia for both sexes, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. Mean WHtR was lowest in central and eastern Europe for both sexes, in the high-income western region for women, and in Oceania for men. Conversely, to achieve an equivalent WHtR, the BMI of the population of south Asia would need to be, on average, 2·79 kg/m2 (95% CI 2·31–3·28) lower for women and 1·28 kg/m2 (1·02–1·54) lower for men than in the high-income western region. In every region, hypertension prevalence increased with both BMI and WHtR. Models with either of these two adiposity metrics had virtually identical C-statistics and NRIs for every region and sex, with C-statistics ranging from 0·72 to 0·81 and NRIs ranging from 0·34 to 0·57 in different region and sex combinations. When both BMI and WHtR were used, performance improved only slightly compared with using either adiposity measure alone.InterpretationBMI can distinguish young and middle-aged adults with higher versus lower amounts of abdominal adiposity with moderate-to-high accuracy, and both BMI and WHtR distinguish people with or without hypertension. However, at the same BMI level, people in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa, have higher WHtR than in the other regions. Journal Article The Lancet 404 10455 851 863 Elsevier BV 0140-6736 29 8 2024 2024-08-29 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01405-3 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This study was funded by the UK Medical Research Council (grant number MR/V034057/1) UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK grant number 10103595, for participation in the OBCT consortium funded by the EU grant agreement 101080250). 2024-10-28T13:16:29.8489570 2024-09-04T14:57:41.3838253 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Bin Zhou 1 James E Bennett 2 Aidan P Wickham 3 Rosie K Singleton 4 Anu Mishra 5 Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco 6 Nayu Ikeda 7 Lakshya Jain 8 Ana Barradas-Pires 9 Rachel A Heap 10 Victor PF Lhoste 11 Kate E Sheffer 12 Nowell H Phelps 13 Archie W Rayner 14 Edward W Gregg 15 Mark Woodward 16 Gretchen A Stevens 17 Maria LC Iurilli 18 Goodarz Danaei 19 Mariachiara Di Cesare 20 Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas 21 Noor Ani Ahmad 22 Pascal Bovet 23 Zhengming Chen 24 Albertino Damasceno 25 Sarah L Filippi 26 Imre Janszky 27 Andre P Kengne 28 Young-Ho Khang 29 Kamlesh Khunti 30 Avula Laxmaiah 31 Lee-Ling Lim 32 Lauren Lissner 33 Paula Margozzini 34 Jean Claude N Mbanya 35 Stephen T McGarvey 36 Jonathan E Shaw 37 Stefan Söderberg 38 Luis Adrián Soto-Mota 39 Junyang Wang 40 Francesco Zaccardi 41 Leandra Abarca-Gómez 42 Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari 43 Shynar Abdrakhmanova 44 Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar 45 Hanan F Abdul Rahim 46 Zulfiya Abdurrahmonova 47 Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh 48 Benjamin Acosta-Cazares 49 Ishag Adam 50 Marzena Adamczyk 51 Wichai Aekplakorn 52 Imelda A Agdeppa 53 Javad Aghazadeh-Attari 54 Charles Agyemang 55 Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad 56 Ali Ahmadi 57 Naser Ahmadi 58 Nastaran Ahmadi 59 Soheir H Ahmed 60 Wolfgang Ahrens 61 Gulmira Aitmurzaeva 62 Kamel Ajlouni 63 Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa 64 Halima Al-Hinai 65 Jawad A Al-Lawati 66 Rajaa Al-Raddadi 67 Deena Al Asfoor 68 Huda M Al Hourani 69 Monira Alarouj 70 Fadia AlBuhairan 71 Shahla AlDhukair 72 Mohamed M Ali 73 Anna V Alieva 74 Abdullah Alkandari 75 Buthaina M Alkhatib 76 Eman Aly 77 Deepak N Amarapurkar 78 Pilar Amiano Etxezarreta 79 Norbert Amougou 80 Lars Bo Andersen 81 Sigmund A Anderssen 82 Odysseas Androutsos 83 Ranjit Mohan Anjana 84 Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam 85 Elena Anufrieva 86 Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri 87 Tahir Aris 88 Raphael E Arku 89 Nimmathota Arlappa 90 Krishna K Aryal 91 Felix K Assah 92 Batyrbek Assembekov 93 Maria Cecília F Assunção 94 Juha Auvinen 95 Mária Avdičová 96 Kishwar Azad 97 Ana Azevedo 98 Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad 99 Fereidoun Azizi 100 Flora Bacopoulou 101 Suhad Bahijri 102 Izet Bajramovic 103 Nagalla Balakrishna 104 Mohamed Bamoshmoosh 105 Maciej Banach 106 Piotr Bandosz 107 José R Banegas 108 Rafał Baran 109 Carlo M Barbagallo 110 Valter Barbosa Filho 111 Alberto Barceló 112 Maja Baretić 113 Joaquin Barnoya 114 Lena Barrera 115 Aluisio JD Barros 116 Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros 117 Abdul Basit 118 Joao Luiz Bastos 119 Anwar M Batieha 120 Aline P Batista 121 Rosangela L Batista 122 Zhamilya Battakova 123 Louise A Baur 124 Pascal M Bayauli 125 Silvia Bel-Serrat 126 Antonisamy Belavendra 127 Habiba Ben Romdhane 128 Theodora Benedek 129 Judith Benedics 130 Mikhail Benet 131 Gilda Estela Benitez Rolandi 132 Michaela Benzeval 133 Elling Bere 134 Nicolas Berger 135 Ingunn Holden Bergh 136 Salim Berkinbayev 137 Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz 138 Heloísa Bettiol 139 Augustin F Beybey 140 Jorge Bezerra 141 Aroor Bhagyalaxmi 142 Santosh K Bhargava 143 Elysée Claude Bika Lele 144 Mukharram M Bikbov 145 Bihungum Bista 146 Dusko J Bjelica 147 Peter Bjerregaard 148 Espen Bjertness 149 Marius B Bjertness 150 Cecilia Björkelund 151 Katia V Bloch 152 Anneke Blokstra 153 Simona Bo 154 Martin Bobak 155 Lynne M Boddy 156 Bernhard O Boehm 157 Jose G Boggia 158 Elena Bogova 159 Marialaura Bonaccio 160 Alice Bonilla-Vargas 161 Herman Borghs 162 Steve Botomba 163 Rupert Bourne 164 Khadichamo Boymatova 165 Lutgart Braeckman 166 Tasanee Braithwaite 167 Imperia Brajkovich 168 Francesco Branca 169 Hermann Brenner 170 Lizzy M Brewster 171 Yajaira Briceño 172 Lacramioara Brinduse 173 Bettina Bringolf-Isler 174 Miguel Brito 175 Johannes Brug 176 Anna Bugge 177 Frank Buntinx 178 Marta Buoncristiano 179 Con Burns 180 Antonio Cabrera de León 181 Roberta B Caixeta 182 Tilema Cama 183 Günay Can 184 Ana Paula C Cândido 185 Felicia Cañete 186 Mario V Capanzana 187 Naděžda Čapková 188 Eduardo Capuano 189 Rocco Capuano 190 Vincenzo Capuano 191 Viviane C Cardoso 192 Axel C Carlsson 193 Felipe F Casanueva 194 Maribel Casas 195 Laura Censi 196 Marvin Cervantes‐Loaiza 197 Parinya Chamnan 198 Snehalatha Chamukuttan 199 Queenie Chan 200 Nish Chaturvedi 201 Fangfang Chen 202 Huashuai Chen 203 Long-Sheng Chen 204 Yiling J Cheng 205 Bahman Cheraghian 206 Angela Chetrit 207 Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener 208 Mai JM Chinapaw 209 Anne Chinnock 210 Arnaud Chiolero 211 Adela Chirita-Emandi 212 María-Dolores Chirlaque 213 Chean Lin Chong 214 Diego G Christofaro 215 Jerzy Chudek 216 Renata Cifkova 217 Massimo Cirillo 218 Frank Claessens 219 Philip Clare 220 Emmanuel Cohen 221 Susana C Confortin 222 Tara C Coppinger 223 Lilia Yadira Cortés 224 Cojocaru R Cosmin 225 Simona Costanzo 226 Melanie J Cowan 227 Chris Cowell 228 Amelia C Crampin 229 Amanda J Cross 230 Ana B Crujeiras 231 Juan J Cruz 232 Alexandra M Cucu 233 Felipe V Cureau 234 Sarah Cuschieri 235 Graziella D'Arrigo 236 Eleonora d'Orsi 237 Haroldo da Silva-Ferreira 238 Christina C Dahm 239 Jean Dallongeville 240 Rachel Dankner 241 Kairat Davletov 242 Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos 243 Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis 244 Dirk De Bacquer 245 Jaco De Bacquer 246 Jeroen de Bont 247 Amalia De Curtis 248 Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig 249 Giovanni de Gaetano 250 Stefaan De Henauw 251 Pilar De Miguel-Etayo 252 Paula Duarte de Oliveira 253 Karina Mary de Paiva 254 Karin De Ridder 255 Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Júnior 256 Mohan Deepa 257 Vincent Jr DeGennaro 258 Stefaan Demarest 259 Elaine Dennison 260 Valérie Deschamps 261 Meghnath Dhimal 262 María Pilar Díez Ripollés 263 Zivka Dika 264 Shirin Djalalinia 265 Liria Dominguez 266 Maria Benedetta Donati 267 Chiara Donfrancesco 268 Guanghui Dong 269 Silvana P Donoso 270 Maria Dorobantu 271 Marcus Dörr 272 Nico Dragano 273 Wojciech Drygas 274 Shufa Du 275 Charmaine A Duante 276 Priscilla Duboz 277 Rosemary B Duda 278 Vesselka L Duleva 279 Anar Dushpanova 280 Azhar Dyussupova 281 Elzbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk 282 Narges Ebrahimi 283 Guadalupe Echeverría 284 Ricky Eddie 285 Ebrahim Eftekhar 286 Vasiliki Efthymiou 287 Eruke E Egbagbe 288 Sareh Eghtesad 289 Ulf Ekelund 290 Mohammad El-Khateeb 291 Jalila El Ati 292 Roberto Elosua 293 Ofem Enang 294 Rajiv T Erasmus 295 Cihangir Erem 296 Gul Ergor 297 Louise Eriksen 298 Johan G Eriksson 299 Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña 300 Ali Esmaeili 301 Roger G Evans 302 Ildar Fakhradiyev 303 Albina A Fakhretdinova 304 Caroline H Fall 305 Elnaz Faramarzi 306 Mojtaba Farjam 307 Farshad Farzadfar 308 Yosef Farzi 309 Mohammad Reza Fattahi 310 Asher Fawwad 311 Francisco J Felix-Redondo 312 Trevor S Ferguson 313 Romulo A Fernandes 314 Daniel Fernández-Bergés 315 Desha R Fernando 316 Daniel Ferrante 317 Gerson Ferrari 318 Marika Ferrari 319 Catterina Ferreccio 320 Eldridge Ferrer 321 Thamara Hubler Figueiró 322 Anna Fijalkowska 323 Günther Fink 324 Mauro Fisberg 325 Maria Forsner 326 Edward F Fottrell 327 Heba M Fouad 328 Damian K Francis 329 Guillermo Frontera 330 Flavio D Fuchs 331 Sandra C Fuchs 332 Viktoriya Furdela 333 Takuro Furusawa 334 Stefan Adela Gabriela 335 Zbigniew Gaciong 336 Manuel Galán Cuesta 337 Andrzej Galbarczyk 338 Sonya V Galcheva 339 Myriam Galfo 340 Manoli Garcia-de-la-Hera 341 Pablo Garcia 342 Sarah P Garnett 343 Magda Gasull 344 Andrea Gazzinelli 345 Ulrike Gehring 346 Eva Gerdts 347 Ebrahim Ghaderi 348 Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari 349 Ali Ghanbari 350 Erfan Ghasemi 351 Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea 352 Anup Ghimire 353 Alessandro Gialluisi 354 Simona Giampaoli 355 Francesco Gianfagna 356 Glen Gironella 357 Aleksander Giwercman 358 Konstantinos Gkiouras 359 Natalya Glushkova 360 Ramesh Godara 361 Justyna Godos 362 Marcel Goldberg 363 Georgina Gómez 364 Jesús Humberto Gómez Gómez 365 Luis F Gomez 366 Santiago F Gómez 367 Aleksandra Gomula 368 Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva 369 Helen Gonçalves 370 Mauer Gonçalves 371 Ana D González-Alvarez 372 David A Gonzalez-Chica 373 Esther M González-Gil 374 Marcela Gonzalez-Gross 375 Juan P González-Rivas 376 Angel R Gonzalez 377 Frederic Gottrand 378 Dušan Grafnetter 379 Aneta Grajda 380 Maria G Grammatikopoulou 381 Tomasz Grodzicki 382 Else Karin Grøholt 383 Anders Grøntved 384 Viviana Guajardo 385 Pilar Guallar-Castillón 386 Maëlenn Guerchet 387 Ramiro Guerrero 388 Andre L Guimaraes 389 Unjali P Gujral 390 Martin C Gulliford 391 Marc J Gunter 392 Rajeev Gupta 393 Oye Gureje 394 Mirjana A Gurinović 395 Beata Gurzkowska 396 Laura Gutierrez 397 Xinyi Gwee 398 Rosa Haghshenas 399 Hamid Hakimi 400 Jytte Halkjær 401 Ian R Hambleton 402 Behrooz Hamzeh 403 Willem A Hanekom 404 Dominique Hange 405 Abu AM Hanif 406 Sari Hantunen 407 Jie Hao 408 Carla Menêses Hardman 409 Louise Hardy 410 Rachakulla Hari Kumar 411 Javad Harooni 412 Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri 413 Maria Hassapidou 414 Jun Hata 415 Teresa Haugsgjerd 416 Mirjam Heinen 417 Marleen Elisabeth Hendriks 418 Rafael dos Santos Henrique 419 Ana Henriques 420 Leticia Hernandez Cadena 421 Sauli Herrala 422 Marianella Herrera-Cuenca 423 Victor M Herrera 424 Isabelle Herter-Aeberli 425 Karl-Heinz Herzig 426 Ramin Heshmat 427 Allan G Hill 428 Sai Yin Ho 429 Michelle Holdsworth 430 Reza Homayounfar 431 Clara Homs 432 Emiel O Hoogendijk 433 Andrea RVR Horimoto 434 Claudia M Hormiga 435 Bernardo L Horta 436 Leila Houti 437 Christina Howitt 438 Thein Thein Htay 439 Aung Soe Htet 440 Maung Maung Than Htike 441 José María Huerta 442 Ilpo Tapani Huhtaniemi 443 Laetitia Huiart 444 Constanta Huidumac Petrescu 445 Martijn Huisman 446 Abdullatif Husseini 447 Inge Huybrechts 448 Nahla Hwalla 449 Licia Iacoviello 450 Ellina M Iakupova 451 Anna G Iannone 452 Jannicke Igland 453 Chinwuba Ijoma 454 Violeta Iotova 455 Vilma E Irazola 456 Takafumi Ishida 457 Godsent C Isiguzo 458 Muhammad Islam 459 Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam 460 Duygu Islek 461 Till Ittermann 462 Ivaila Y Ivanova-Pandourska 463 Masanori Iwasaki 464 Tuija Jääskeläinen 465 Rod T Jackson 466 Hashem Y Jaddou 467 Michel Jadoul 468 Tazeen Jafar 469 Nataša Jan 470 Edward Janus 471 Juel Jarani 472 Gerald Jarnig 473 Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin 474 Grazyna Jasienska 475 Ana Jelaković 476 Bojan Jelaković 477 Anjani Kumar Jha 478 Ramon O Jimenez 479 Karl-Heinz Jöckel 480 Michel Joffres 481 Jari J Jokelainen 482 Jost B Jonas 483 Pradeep Joshi 484 Rohina Joshi 485 Josipa Josipović 486 Farahnaz Joukar 487 Jacek J Jóźwiak 488 Anne Juolevi 489 Vesna Juresa 490 Vesna Jureša 491 Rudolf Kaaks 492 Felix O Kaducu 493 Agnes L Kadvan 494 Anthony Kafatos 495 Eero O Kajantie 496 Natia Kakutia 497 Daniela Kállayová 498 Zhanna Kalmatayeva 499 Ofra Kalter-Leibovici 500 Srinivasan Kannan 501 Efthymios Kapantais 502 Eva Karaglani 503 Argyro Karakosta 504 Khem B Karki 505 Adoubi Kassi Anicet 506 Marzieh Katibeh 507 Prasad Katulanda 508 Peter T Katzmarzyk 509 Jussi Kauhanen 510 Gyulli M Kazakbaeva 511 François F Kaze 512 Calvin Ke 513 Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi 514 Roya Kelishadi 515 Cecily Kelleher 516 Han CG Kemper 517 Maryam Keramati 518 Mathilde Kersting 519 Yousef Saleh Khader 520 Arsalan Khaledifar 521 Davood Khalili 522 Bahareh Kheiri 523 Motahareh Kheradmand 524 Alireza Khosravi 525 Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer 526 Sophia J Kiechl 527 Stefan Kiechl 528 Hyeon Chang Kim 529 Heidi Klakk 530 Suntara Klanarong 531 Jana Klanova 532 Magdalena Klimek 533 Michael Knoflach 534 Susanne Kobel 535 Bhawesh Koirala 536 Elin Kolle 537 Patrick Kolsteren 538 Jürgen König 539 Raija Korpelainen 540 Paul Korrovits 541 Magdalena Korzycka 542 Jelena Kos 543 Seppo Koskinen 544 Malik Koussoh Simone 545 Éva Kovács 546 Irina Kovalskys 547 Sudhir Kowlessur 548 Slawomir Koziel 549 Jana Kratenova 550 Wolfgang Kratzer 551 Susi Kriemler 552 Peter Lund Kristensen 553 Helena Krizan 554 Maria F Kroker-Lobos 555 Steinar Krokstad 556 Herculina S Kruger 557 Ruan Kruger 558 Łukasz Kryst 559 Ruzena Kubinova 560 Urho M Kujala 561 Enisa Kujundzic 562 Zbigniew Kulaga 563 Mukhtar Kulimbet 564 Meena Kumari 565 Marie Kunešová 566 Pawel Kurjata 567 Catherine Kyobutungi 568 Quang Ngoc La 569 Demetre Labadarios 570 Carl Lachat 571 Daphne Lai 572 Youcef Laid 573 Lachmie Lall 574 Maritza Landaeta Jimenez 575 Edwige Landais 576 Tiina Lankila 577 Vera Lanska 578 Georg Lappas 579 Bagher Larijani 580 Mina P Lateva 581 Tint Swe Latt 582 Martino Laurenzi 583 Maria Lazo-Porras 584 Gwenaëlle Le Coroller 585 Khanh Le Nguyen Bao 586 Terho Lehtimäki 587 Daniel Lemogoum 588 Elvynna Leong 589 Justyna Leszczak 590 Gabriel M Leung 591 Yanping Li 592 Merike Liivak 593 Charlie Lim 594 Wei-Yen Lim 595 M Fernanda Lima-Costa 596 Hsien-Ho Lin 597 Lars Lind 598 Mieczyslaw Litwin 599 Liping Liu 600 Xiaotian Liu 601 Guadalupe Longo Abril 602 Oscar Lopes 603 Esther Lopez-Garcia 604 José Francisco López-Gil 605 Tania Lopez 606 José Eugenio Lozano 607 Janice L Lukrafka 608 Dalia Luksiene 609 Annamari Lundqvist 610 Nuno Lunet 611 Charles Lunogelo 612 Michala Lustigová 613 Jean-René M'Buyamba-Kabangu 614 George LL Machado-Coelho 615 Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues 616 Enguerran Macia 617 Ahmed A Madar 618 Gladys E Maestre 619 Stefania Maggi 620 Dianna J Magliano 621 Sara Magnacca 622 Emmanuella Magriplis 623 Gowri Mahasampath 624 Bernard Maire 625 Marcia Makdisse 626 Mohammad-Reza Malekpour 627 Fatemeh Malekzadeh 628 Reza Malekzadeh 629 Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao 630 Sofia Malyutina 631 Lynell V Maniego 632 Yannis Manios 633 Jim I Mann 634 Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei 635 Enzo Manzato 636 Mala Ali Mapatano 637 Rosu Maria-Magdalena 638 Joany Mariño 639 Anastasia Markaki 640 Larissa Pruner Marques 641 Jaume Marrugat 642 Reynaldo Martorell 643 Katharina Maruszczak 644 Giovanna Masala 645 Luis P Mascarenhas 646 Mannix Masimango Imani 647 Masoud Masinaei 648 Ellisiv B Mathiesen 649 Alicia Matijasevich 650 Piotr Matłosz 651 Tandi E Matsha 652 Victor Matsudo 653 Giletta Matteo 654 Pallab K Maulik 655 Christina Mavrogianni 656 Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso 657 Shelly R McFarlane 658 Rachael M McLean 659 Sounnia Mediene Benchekor 660 Kirsten Mehlig 661 Amir Houshang Mehrparvar 662 Jesus D Melgarejo 663 Fabián Méndez 664 Carlos O Mendivil 665 Carlos Mendoza Montano 666 Ana Maria B Menezes 667 Gert BM Mensink 668 Alibek Mereke 669 Indrapal I Meshram 670 Diane T Meto 671 Haakon E Meyer 672 Jie Mi 673 Karolina Miłkowska 674 Jody C Miller 675 Olga Milushkina 676 Cláudia S Minderico 677 GK Mini 678 Juan Francisco Miquel 679 J Jaime Miranda 680 Mohammad Reza Mirjalili 681 Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković 682 Antonio Mistretta 683 Veronica Mocanu 684 Pietro A Modesti 685 Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam 686 Kazem Mohammad 687 Mohammad Reza Mohammadi 688 Zahra Mohammadi 689 Noushin Mohammadifard 690 Reza Mohammadpourhodki 691 Viswanathan Mohan 692 Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff 693 Iraj Mohebbi 694 Niels C Møller 695 Dénes Molnár 696 Amirabbas Momenan 697 Charles K Mondo 698 Michele M Monroy-Valle 699 Roger A Montenegro Mendoza 700 Eric Monterrubio-Flores 701 Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki 702 Jin Soo Moon 703 Mahmood Moosazadeh 704 Farhad Moradpour 705 Leila B Moreira 706 Alain Morejon 707 Luis A Moreno 708 Karen Morgan 709 George Moschonis 710 Alireza Moslem 711 Mildrey Mosquera 712 Malgorzata Mossakowska 713 Aya Mostafa 714 Seyed-Ali Mostafavi 715 Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh 716 Jorge Motta 717 Marcos André Moura-dos-Santos 718 Malay K Mridha 719 Kelias P Msyamboza 720 Thet Thet Mu 721 Florian Muca 722 Boban Mugoša 723 Patricia B Munroe 724 Jaakko Mursu 725 Kamarul Imran Musa 726 Sanja Musić Milanović 727 Vera Musil 728 Geofrey Musinguzi 729 Norlaila Mustafa 730 Muel Telo Marie-Claire Muyer 731 Iraj Nabipour 732 Balkish M Naidu 733 Farid Najafi 734 Hanna Nalecz 735 Jana Námešná 736 KM Venkat Narayan 737 Take Naseri 738 Michels Nathalie 739 Nareemarn Neelapaichit 740 Azim Nejatizadeh 741 Ilona Nenko 742 Flavio Nervi 743 Hannelore K Neuhauser 744 Tze Pin Ng 745 Chung T Nguyen 746 Quang V Nguyen 747 Quang Ngoc Nguyen 748 Michael Y Ni 749 Peng Nie 750 Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez 751 Teemu J Niiranen 752 Toshiharu Ninomiya 753 Nobuo Nishi 754 Sania Nishtar 755 Marianna Noale 756 Oscar A Noboa 757 Helena Nogueira 758 Kevin I Norton 759 Davide Noto 760 Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska 761 Mohannad Al Nsour 762 Irfan Nuhoğlu 763 Eha Nurk 764 Fred Nuwaha 765 Moffat Nyirenda 766 Terence W O'Neill 767 Caleb Ochimana 768 Angélica M Ochoa-Avilés 769 Eiji Oda 770 Augustine N Odili 771 Kyungwon Oh 772 Ryutaro Ohtsuka 773 Brian Oldenburg 774 Valérie Olié 775 Mohd Azahadi Omar 776 Saeed M Omar 777 Altan Onat 778 Sok King Ong 779 N Charlotte Onland-Moret 780 Lariane M Ono 781 Obinna Onodugo 782 Pedro Ordunez 783 Rui Ornelas 784 Ana P Ortiz 785 Pedro J Ortiz 786 Clive Osmond 787 Sergej M Ostojic 788 Afshin Ostovar 789 Johanna A Otero 790 Charlotte B Ottendahl 791 Akaninyene Otu 792 Kim Overvad 793 Ellis Owusu-Dabo 794 Cristina P Padez 795 Ioannis Pagkalos 796 Natalja Pajula 797 Alberto Palloni 798 Luigi Palmieri 799 Wen-Harn Pan 800 Francesco Panza 801 Mariela Paoli 802 Sousana K Papadopoulou 803 Rossina G Pareja 804 Soon-Woo Park 805 Suyeon Park 806 Winsome R Parnell 807 Mahboubeh Parsaeian 808 Ionela M Pascanu 809 Patrick Pasquet 810 Nikhil D Patel 811 Halyna Pavlyshyn 812 Raimund Pechlaner 813 Ivan Pećin 814 João M Pedro 815 Sergio Viana Peixoto 816 Markku Peltonen 817 Alexandre C Pereira 818 Karen GDA Peres 819 Marco A Peres 820 Agustín Perez-Londoño 821 Cynthia M Pérez 822 Valentina Peterkova 823 Olga Petrovna Kovtun 824 Niloofar Peykari 825 Son Thai Pham 826 Rafael N Pichardo 827 Preux Pierre-Marie 828 Hynek Pikhart 829 Aida Pilav 830 Pavel Piler 831 Aleksandra Piwonska 832 Andreia N Pizarro 833 Silvia Plata 834 Raluca M Pop 835 Barry M Popkin 836 Stevo R Popovic 837 Miquel Porta 838 Anil Poudyal 839 Farhad Pourfarzi 840 Akram Pourshams 841 Hossein Poustchi 842 Rajendra Pradeepa 843 Alison J Price 844 Antonio Prista 845 Rui Providencia 846 Jardena J Puder 847 Iveta Pudule 848 Soile Puhakka 849 Maria Puiu 850 Margus Punab 851 Mostafa Qorbani 852 Anna Quialheiro 853 Hedley K Quintana 854 Pedro J Quiroga-Padilla 855 Tran Quoc Bao 856 Stefan Rach 857 Salar Rahimikazerooni 858 Mahmudur Rahman 859 Olli Raitakari 860 Sherali Rakhmatulloev 861 Ivo Rakovac 862 Ambady Ramachandran 863 Otim PC Ramadan 864 Manuel Ramirez-Zea 865 Rafel Ramos 866 Lekhraj Rampal 867 Sanjay Rampal 868 Sheena E Ramsay 869 João FLB Rangel Junior 870 Daniel A Rangel Reina 871 Lalka S Rangelova 872 Vayia Rarra 873 Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi 874 Cassiano Ricardo Rech 875 Josep Redon 876 Valéria Regecová 877 Jane DP Renner 878 Judit A Repasy 879 Cézane P Reuter 880 Luis Revilla 881 Andrew Reynolds 882 Negar Rezaei 883 Abbas Rezaianzadeh 884 Elio Riboli 885 Fernando Rigo 886 Attilio Rigotti 887 Leanne M Riley 888 Tobias F Rinke de Wit 889 Ulf Risérus 890 Raphael M Ritti-Dias 891 Reina G Roa 892 Romana Roccaldo 893 Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo 894 María del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez 895 Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar 896 Andrea Y Rodríguez 897 Ulla Roggenbuck 898 Peter Rohloff 899 Rosalba Rojas-Martinez 900 Elisabetta L Romeo 901 Rafaela V Rosario 902 Annika Rosengren 903 Ian Rouse 904 Adolfo Rubinstein 905 Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt 906 Maria Ruiz-Castell 907 Emma Ruiz Moreno 908 Iuliia A Rusakova 909 Wojciech Rusek 910 Petra Rust 911 Marcin Rutkowski 912 Marge Saamel 913 Hamideh Sabbaghi 914 Harshpal S Sachdev 915 Alireza Sadjadi 916 Ali Reza Safarpour 917 Sare Safi 918 Mohammad Hossien Saghi 919 Olfa Saidi 920 Calogero Saieva 921 Satoko Sakata 922 Nader Saki 923 Sanja Šalaj 924 Eduardo Salazar Martinez 925 Akkumis Salkhanova 926 Jukka T Salonen 927 Margarita Samoutian 928 Jose Sánchez-Abanto 929 Inés Sánchez Rodríguez 930 Diana A Santos 931 Ina S Santos 932 Maria Paula Santos 933 Tamara R Santos 934 Jouko L Saramies 935 Luis B Sardinha 936 Giselle Sarganas 937 Nizal Sarrafzadegan 938 Kai-Uwe Saum 939 Stefan Savin 940 Mariana Sbaraini 941 Marcia Scazufca 942 Beatriz D Schaan 943 Anja Schienkiewitz 944 Karin Schindler 945 Sabine Schipf 946 Amand Floriaan Schmidt 947 Börge Schmidt 948 Carsten O Schmidt 949 Ben Schöttker 950 Sara Schramm 951 Stine Schramm 952 Helmut Schröder 953 Constance Schultsz 954 Aletta E Schutte 955 Sylvain Sebert 956 Moslem Sedaghattalab 957 Aye Aye Sein 958 Abhijit Sen 959 Sadaf G Sepanlou 960 Guillermo Sequera 961 Ľudmila Ševčíková 962 Ronel Sewpaul 963 Teresa Shamah-Levy 964 Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran 965 Maryam Sharafkhah 966 Sanjib K Sharma 967 Almaz Sharman 968 Amaneh Shayanrad 969 Ali Akbar Shayesteh 970 Lela Shengelia 971 Kenji Shibuya 972 Hana Shimizu-Furusawa 973 Rahman Shiri 974 Marat Shoranov 975 Namuna Shrestha 976 Khairil Si-Ramlee 977 Abla M Sibai 978 Labros S Sidossis 979 Antonio M Silva 980 Caroline Ramos de Moura Silva 981 Diego Augusto Santos Silva 982 Kelly Samara Silva 983 Xueling Sim 984 Mary Simon 985 Michael Sjöström 986 Natalia A Skoblina 987 Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer 988 Przemysław Slusarczyk 989 Liam Smeeth 990 Lee Smith 991 Fernanda Cunha Soares 992 Grzegorz Sobek 993 Eugène Sobngwi 994 Morten Sodemann 995 Agustinus Soemantri 996 Vincenzo Solfrizzi 997 Mohammad Hossein Somi 998 Elin P Sørgjerd 999 Maroje Sorić 1000 Victoria E Soto-Rojas 1001 Aïcha Soumaré 1002 Alfonso Sousa-Poza 1003 Igor Spiroski 1004 Jan A Staessen 1005 Andreas Stang 1006 Jostein Steene-Johannessen 1007 Peter Stehle 1008 Aryeh D Stein 1009 George S Stergiou 1010 Jakub Stokwiszewski 1011 Ekaterina Stoyanova 1012 Gareth Stratton 1013 Karien Stronks 1014 Lela Sturua 1015 Milton F Suarez-Ortegón 1016 Phalakorn Suebsamran 1017 Gerhard Sulo 1018 Johan Sundström 1019 Paibul Suriyawongpaisal 1020 Boyd A Swinburn 1021 René Charles Sylva 1022 Lucjan Szponar 1023 E Shyong Tai 1024 Konstantinos D Tambalis 1025 Abdonas Tamosiunas 1026 Baimakhan Tanabayev 1027 Maya Tanrygulyyeva 1028 Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh 1029 Jakob Tarp 1030 Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani 1031 Radka Taxová Braunerová 1032 Saskia Te Velde 1033 William R Tebar 1034 Grethe S Tell 1035 Tania Tello 1036 KR Thankappan 1037 Xenophon Theodoridis 1038 Sathish Thirunavukkarasu 1039 Nihal Thomas 1040 Amanda G Thrift 1041 Ľubica Tichá 1042 Erik J Timmermans 1043 Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini 1044 Anne Tjonneland 1045 Janne S Tolstrup 1046 Murat Topbas 1047 Laura Torres-Collado 1048 Giota Touloumi 1049 Pierre Traissac 1050 Areti Triantafyllou 1051 Atul Trivedi 1052 Lechaba Tshepo 1053 Panagiotis Tsintavis 1054 John Tuitele 1055 Azaliia M Tuliakova 1056 Marshall K Tulloch-Reid 1057 Fikru Tullu 1058 Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen 1059 Maria L Turley 1060 Evangelia Tzala 1061 Themistoklis Tzotzas 1062 Christophe Tzourio 1063 Peter Ueda 1064 Eunice Ugel 1065 Flora AM Ukoli 1066 Zhamyila Usupova 1067 Hannu MT Uusitalo 1068 Nalan Uysal 1069 Gonzalo Valdivia 1070 Damaskini Valvi 1071 Rob M van Dam 1072 Bert-Jan van den Born 1073 Johan Van der Heyden 1074 Yvonne T van der Schouw 1075 Wendy Van Lippevelde 1076 Hoang Van Minh 1077 Natasja M Van Schoor 1078 Irene GM van Valkengoed 1079 Dirk Vanderschueren 1080 Diego Vanuzzo 1081 Gregorio Varela-Moreiras 1082 Luz Nayibe Vargas 1083 Senthil K Vasan 1084 Daniel G Vasques 1085 Tomas Vega 1086 Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez 1087 Biruta Velika 1088 Charlotte Verdot 1089 Maïté Verloigne 1090 Giovanni Veronesi 1091 WM Monique Verschuren 1092 Roosmarijn Verstraeten 1093 Lucie Viet 1094 Frøydis N Vik 1095 Monica Vilar 1096 Salvador Villalpando 1097 Jesus Vioque 1098 Jyrki K Virtanen 1099 Marjolein Visser 1100 Bharathi Viswanathan 1101 Mihaela Vladulescu 1102 Henry Völzke 1103 Ari Voutilainen 1104 Martine Vrijheid 1105 Alisha N Wade 1106 Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar 1107 Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud 1108 Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior 1109 Chongjian Wang 1110 Huijun Wang 1111 Ningli Wang 1112 Qian Wang 1113 Xiangjun Wang 1114 Ya Xing Wang 1115 Ying-Wei Wang 1116 S Goya Wannamethee 1117 Nicholas Wareham 1118 Olivia Wartha 1119 Adelheid Weber 1120 Karen Webster-Kerr 1121 Niels Wedderkopp 1122 Daniel Weghuber 1123 Wenbin Wei 1124 Leo Westbury 1125 Peter H Whincup 1126 Kremlin Wickramasinghe 1127 Kurt Widhalm 1128 Indah S Widyahening 1129 Andrzej Więcek 1130 Rainford J Wilks 1131 Karin Willeit 1132 Peter Willeit 1133 Julianne Williams 1134 Tom Wilsgaard 1135 Bogdan Wojtyniak 1136 Roy A Wong-McClure 1137 Andrew Wong 1138 Emily B Wong 1139 Frederick C Wu 1140 Justyna Wyszyńska 1141 Haiquan Xu 1142 Liang Xu 1143 Nor Azwany Yaacob 1144 Li Yan 1145 Weili Yan 1146 Yang Yang 1147 Martha Yépez García 1148 Moein Yoosefi 1149 Akihiro Yoshihara 1150 Novie O Younger-Coleman 1151 Yu-Ling Yu 1152 Yunjiang Yu 1153 Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff 1154 Vassilis Zafiropulos 1155 Ahmad A Zainuddin 1156 Farhad Zamani 1157 Sabina Zambon 1158 Antonis Zampelas 1159 Maria Elisa Zapata 1160 Ko Ko Zaw 1161 Tomasz Zdrojewski 1162 Magdalena Żegleń 1163 Kristyna Zejglicova 1164 Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic 1165 Bing Zhang 1166 Zhen-Yu Zhang 1167 Yanitsa V Zhecheva 1168 Bekbolat Zholdin 1169 Paul Zimmet 1170 Marie Zins 1171 Julio Zuñiga Cisneros 1172 Monika Zuziak 1173 Majid Ezzati 1174 Gareth Stratton 0000-0001-5618-0803 1175 67555__31261__8f31e1d7dd474a3191d19fccc42a1d07.pdf 67555.pdf 2024-09-04T15:02:18.4028845 Output 1474983 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2024 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
title |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants |
spellingShingle |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants Gareth Stratton |
title_short |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants |
title_full |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants |
title_fullStr |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants |
title_full_unstemmed |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants |
title_sort |
General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants |
author_id_str_mv |
6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01_***_Gareth Stratton |
author |
Gareth Stratton |
author2 |
Bin Zhou James E Bennett Aidan P Wickham Rosie K Singleton Anu Mishra Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco Nayu Ikeda Lakshya Jain Ana Barradas-Pires Rachel A Heap Victor PF Lhoste Kate E Sheffer Nowell H Phelps Archie W Rayner Edward W Gregg Mark Woodward Gretchen A Stevens Maria LC Iurilli Goodarz Danaei Mariachiara Di Cesare Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas Noor Ani Ahmad Pascal Bovet Zhengming Chen Albertino Damasceno Sarah L Filippi Imre Janszky Andre P Kengne Young-Ho Khang Kamlesh Khunti Avula Laxmaiah Lee-Ling Lim Lauren Lissner Paula Margozzini Jean Claude N Mbanya Stephen T McGarvey Jonathan E Shaw Stefan Söderberg Luis Adrián Soto-Mota Junyang Wang Francesco Zaccardi Leandra Abarca-Gómez Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Shynar Abdrakhmanova Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar Hanan F Abdul Rahim Zulfiya Abdurrahmonova Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh Benjamin Acosta-Cazares Ishag Adam Marzena Adamczyk Wichai Aekplakorn Imelda A Agdeppa Javad Aghazadeh-Attari Charles Agyemang Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Naser Ahmadi Nastaran Ahmadi Soheir H Ahmed Wolfgang Ahrens Gulmira Aitmurzaeva Kamel Ajlouni Hazzaa M Al-Hazzaa Halima Al-Hinai Jawad A Al-Lawati Rajaa Al-Raddadi Deena Al Asfoor Huda M Al Hourani Monira Alarouj Fadia AlBuhairan Shahla AlDhukair Mohamed M Ali Anna V Alieva Abdullah Alkandari Buthaina M Alkhatib Eman Aly Deepak N Amarapurkar Pilar Amiano Etxezarreta Norbert Amougou Lars Bo Andersen Sigmund A Anderssen Odysseas Androutsos Ranjit Mohan Anjana Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam Elena Anufrieva Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri Tahir Aris Raphael E Arku Nimmathota Arlappa Krishna K Aryal Felix K Assah Batyrbek Assembekov Maria Cecília F Assunção Juha Auvinen Mária Avdičová Kishwar Azad Ana Azevedo Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad Fereidoun Azizi Flora Bacopoulou Suhad Bahijri Izet Bajramovic Nagalla Balakrishna Mohamed Bamoshmoosh Maciej Banach Piotr Bandosz José R Banegas Rafał Baran Carlo M Barbagallo Valter Barbosa Filho Alberto Barceló Maja Baretić Joaquin Barnoya Lena Barrera Aluisio JD Barros Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros Abdul Basit Joao Luiz Bastos Anwar M Batieha Aline P Batista Rosangela L Batista Zhamilya Battakova Louise A Baur Pascal M Bayauli Silvia Bel-Serrat Antonisamy Belavendra Habiba Ben Romdhane Theodora Benedek Judith Benedics Mikhail Benet Gilda Estela Benitez Rolandi Michaela Benzeval Elling Bere Nicolas Berger Ingunn Holden Bergh Salim Berkinbayev Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz Heloísa Bettiol Augustin F Beybey Jorge Bezerra Aroor Bhagyalaxmi Santosh K Bhargava Elysée Claude Bika Lele Mukharram M Bikbov Bihungum Bista Dusko J Bjelica Peter Bjerregaard Espen Bjertness Marius B Bjertness Cecilia Björkelund Katia V Bloch Anneke Blokstra Simona Bo Martin Bobak Lynne M Boddy Bernhard O Boehm Jose G Boggia Elena Bogova Marialaura Bonaccio Alice Bonilla-Vargas Herman Borghs Steve Botomba Rupert Bourne Khadichamo Boymatova Lutgart Braeckman Tasanee Braithwaite Imperia Brajkovich Francesco Branca Hermann Brenner Lizzy M Brewster Yajaira Briceño Lacramioara Brinduse Bettina Bringolf-Isler Miguel Brito Johannes Brug Anna Bugge Frank Buntinx Marta Buoncristiano Con Burns Antonio Cabrera de León Roberta B Caixeta Tilema Cama Günay Can Ana Paula C Cândido Felicia Cañete Mario V Capanzana Naděžda Čapková Eduardo Capuano Rocco Capuano Vincenzo Capuano Viviane C Cardoso Axel C Carlsson Felipe F Casanueva Maribel Casas Laura Censi Marvin Cervantes‐Loaiza Parinya Chamnan Snehalatha Chamukuttan Queenie Chan Nish Chaturvedi Fangfang Chen Huashuai Chen Long-Sheng Chen Yiling J Cheng Bahman Cheraghian Angela Chetrit Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener Mai JM Chinapaw Anne Chinnock Arnaud Chiolero Adela Chirita-Emandi María-Dolores Chirlaque Chean Lin Chong Diego G Christofaro Jerzy Chudek Renata Cifkova Massimo Cirillo Frank Claessens Philip Clare Emmanuel Cohen Susana C Confortin Tara C Coppinger Lilia Yadira Cortés Cojocaru R Cosmin Simona Costanzo Melanie J Cowan Chris Cowell Amelia C Crampin Amanda J Cross Ana B Crujeiras Juan J Cruz Alexandra M Cucu Felipe V Cureau Sarah Cuschieri Graziella D'Arrigo Eleonora d'Orsi Haroldo da Silva-Ferreira Christina C Dahm Jean Dallongeville Rachel Dankner Kairat Davletov Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos Maria Alice Altenburg de Assis Dirk De Bacquer Jaco De Bacquer Jeroen de Bont Amalia De Curtis Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig Giovanni de Gaetano Stefaan De Henauw Pilar De Miguel-Etayo Paula Duarte de Oliveira Karina Mary de Paiva Karin De Ridder Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Júnior Mohan Deepa Vincent Jr DeGennaro Stefaan Demarest Elaine Dennison Valérie Deschamps Meghnath Dhimal María Pilar Díez Ripollés Zivka Dika Shirin Djalalinia Liria Dominguez Maria Benedetta Donati Chiara Donfrancesco Guanghui Dong Silvana P Donoso Maria Dorobantu Marcus Dörr Nico Dragano Wojciech Drygas Shufa Du Charmaine A Duante Priscilla Duboz Rosemary B Duda Vesselka L Duleva Anar Dushpanova Azhar Dyussupova Elzbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk Narges Ebrahimi Guadalupe Echeverría Ricky Eddie Ebrahim Eftekhar Vasiliki Efthymiou Eruke E Egbagbe Sareh Eghtesad Ulf Ekelund Mohammad El-Khateeb Jalila El Ati Roberto Elosua Ofem Enang Rajiv T Erasmus Cihangir Erem Gul Ergor Louise Eriksen Johan G Eriksson Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña Ali Esmaeili Roger G Evans Ildar Fakhradiyev Albina A Fakhretdinova Caroline H Fall Elnaz Faramarzi Mojtaba Farjam Farshad Farzadfar Yosef Farzi Mohammad Reza Fattahi Asher Fawwad Francisco J Felix-Redondo Trevor S Ferguson Romulo A Fernandes Daniel Fernández-Bergés Desha R Fernando Daniel Ferrante Gerson Ferrari Marika Ferrari Catterina Ferreccio Eldridge Ferrer Thamara Hubler Figueiró Anna Fijalkowska Günther Fink Mauro Fisberg Maria Forsner Edward F Fottrell Heba M Fouad Damian K Francis Guillermo Frontera Flavio D Fuchs Sandra C Fuchs Viktoriya Furdela Takuro Furusawa Stefan Adela Gabriela Zbigniew Gaciong Manuel Galán Cuesta Andrzej Galbarczyk Sonya V Galcheva Myriam Galfo Manoli Garcia-de-la-Hera Pablo Garcia Sarah P Garnett Magda Gasull Andrea Gazzinelli Ulrike Gehring Eva Gerdts Ebrahim Ghaderi Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Ali Ghanbari Erfan Ghasemi Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea Anup Ghimire Alessandro Gialluisi Simona Giampaoli Francesco Gianfagna Glen Gironella Aleksander Giwercman Konstantinos Gkiouras Natalya Glushkova Ramesh Godara Justyna Godos Marcel Goldberg Georgina Gómez Jesús Humberto Gómez Gómez Luis F Gomez Santiago F Gómez Aleksandra Gomula Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva Helen Gonçalves Mauer Gonçalves Ana D González-Alvarez David A Gonzalez-Chica Esther M González-Gil Marcela Gonzalez-Gross Juan P González-Rivas Angel R Gonzalez Frederic Gottrand Dušan Grafnetter Aneta Grajda Maria G Grammatikopoulou Tomasz Grodzicki Else Karin Grøholt Anders Grøntved Viviana Guajardo Pilar Guallar-Castillón Maëlenn Guerchet Ramiro Guerrero Andre L Guimaraes Unjali P Gujral Martin C Gulliford Marc J Gunter Rajeev Gupta Oye Gureje Mirjana A Gurinović Beata Gurzkowska Laura Gutierrez Xinyi Gwee Rosa Haghshenas Hamid Hakimi Jytte Halkjær Ian R Hambleton Behrooz Hamzeh Willem A Hanekom Dominique Hange Abu AM Hanif Sari Hantunen Jie Hao Carla Menêses Hardman Louise Hardy Rachakulla Hari Kumar Javad Harooni Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri Maria Hassapidou Jun Hata Teresa Haugsgjerd Mirjam Heinen Marleen Elisabeth Hendriks Rafael dos Santos Henrique Ana Henriques Leticia Hernandez Cadena Sauli Herrala Marianella Herrera-Cuenca Victor M Herrera Isabelle Herter-Aeberli Karl-Heinz Herzig Ramin Heshmat Allan G Hill Sai Yin Ho Michelle Holdsworth Reza Homayounfar Clara Homs Emiel O Hoogendijk Andrea RVR Horimoto Claudia M Hormiga Bernardo L Horta Leila Houti Christina Howitt Thein Thein Htay Aung Soe Htet Maung Maung Than Htike José María Huerta Ilpo Tapani Huhtaniemi Laetitia Huiart Constanta Huidumac Petrescu Martijn Huisman Abdullatif Husseini Inge Huybrechts Nahla Hwalla Licia Iacoviello Ellina M Iakupova Anna G Iannone Jannicke Igland Chinwuba Ijoma Violeta Iotova Vilma E Irazola Takafumi Ishida Godsent C Isiguzo Muhammad Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam Duygu Islek Till Ittermann Ivaila Y Ivanova-Pandourska Masanori Iwasaki Tuija Jääskeläinen Rod T Jackson Hashem Y Jaddou Michel Jadoul Tazeen Jafar Nataša Jan Edward Janus Juel Jarani Gerald Jarnig Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin Grazyna Jasienska Ana Jelaković Bojan Jelaković Anjani Kumar Jha Ramon O Jimenez Karl-Heinz Jöckel Michel Joffres Jari J Jokelainen Jost B Jonas Pradeep Joshi Rohina Joshi Josipa Josipović Farahnaz Joukar Jacek J Jóźwiak Anne Juolevi Vesna Juresa Vesna Jureša Rudolf Kaaks Felix O Kaducu Agnes L Kadvan Anthony Kafatos Eero O Kajantie Natia Kakutia Daniela Kállayová Zhanna Kalmatayeva Ofra Kalter-Leibovici Srinivasan Kannan Efthymios Kapantais Eva Karaglani Argyro Karakosta Khem B Karki Adoubi Kassi Anicet Marzieh Katibeh Prasad Katulanda Peter T Katzmarzyk Jussi Kauhanen Gyulli M Kazakbaeva François F Kaze Calvin Ke Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi Roya Kelishadi Cecily Kelleher Han CG Kemper Maryam Keramati Mathilde Kersting Yousef Saleh Khader Arsalan Khaledifar Davood Khalili Bahareh Kheiri Motahareh Kheradmand Alireza Khosravi Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Sophia J Kiechl Stefan Kiechl Hyeon Chang Kim Heidi Klakk Suntara Klanarong Jana Klanova Magdalena Klimek Michael Knoflach Susanne Kobel Bhawesh Koirala Elin Kolle Patrick Kolsteren Jürgen König Raija Korpelainen Paul Korrovits Magdalena Korzycka Jelena Kos Seppo Koskinen Malik Koussoh Simone Éva Kovács Irina Kovalskys Sudhir Kowlessur Slawomir Koziel Jana Kratenova Wolfgang Kratzer Susi Kriemler Peter Lund Kristensen Helena Krizan Maria F Kroker-Lobos Steinar Krokstad Herculina S Kruger Ruan Kruger Łukasz Kryst Ruzena Kubinova Urho M Kujala Enisa Kujundzic Zbigniew Kulaga Mukhtar Kulimbet Meena Kumari Marie Kunešová Pawel Kurjata Catherine Kyobutungi Quang Ngoc La Demetre Labadarios Carl Lachat Daphne Lai Youcef Laid Lachmie Lall Maritza Landaeta Jimenez Edwige Landais Tiina Lankila Vera Lanska Georg Lappas Bagher Larijani Mina P Lateva Tint Swe Latt Martino Laurenzi Maria Lazo-Porras Gwenaëlle Le Coroller Khanh Le Nguyen Bao Terho Lehtimäki Daniel Lemogoum Elvynna Leong Justyna Leszczak Gabriel M Leung Yanping Li Merike Liivak Charlie Lim Wei-Yen Lim M Fernanda Lima-Costa Hsien-Ho Lin Lars Lind Mieczyslaw Litwin Liping Liu Xiaotian Liu Guadalupe Longo Abril Oscar Lopes Esther Lopez-Garcia José Francisco López-Gil Tania Lopez José Eugenio Lozano Janice L Lukrafka Dalia Luksiene Annamari Lundqvist Nuno Lunet Charles Lunogelo Michala Lustigová Jean-René M'Buyamba-Kabangu George LL Machado-Coelho Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues Enguerran Macia Ahmed A Madar Gladys E Maestre Stefania Maggi Dianna J Magliano Sara Magnacca Emmanuella Magriplis Gowri Mahasampath Bernard Maire Marcia Makdisse Mohammad-Reza Malekpour Fatemeh Malekzadeh Reza Malekzadeh Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao Sofia Malyutina Lynell V Maniego Yannis Manios Jim I Mann Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei Enzo Manzato Mala Ali Mapatano Rosu Maria-Magdalena Joany Mariño Anastasia Markaki Larissa Pruner Marques Jaume Marrugat Reynaldo Martorell Katharina Maruszczak Giovanna Masala Luis P Mascarenhas Mannix Masimango Imani Masoud Masinaei Ellisiv B Mathiesen Alicia Matijasevich Piotr Matłosz Tandi E Matsha Victor Matsudo Giletta Matteo Pallab K Maulik Christina Mavrogianni Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso Shelly R McFarlane Rachael M McLean Sounnia Mediene Benchekor Kirsten Mehlig Amir Houshang Mehrparvar Jesus D Melgarejo Fabián Méndez Carlos O Mendivil Carlos Mendoza Montano Ana Maria B Menezes Gert BM Mensink Alibek Mereke Indrapal I Meshram Diane T Meto Haakon E Meyer Jie Mi Karolina Miłkowska Jody C Miller Olga Milushkina Cláudia S Minderico GK Mini Juan Francisco Miquel J Jaime Miranda Mohammad Reza Mirjalili Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković Antonio Mistretta Veronica Mocanu Pietro A Modesti Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Kazem Mohammad Mohammad Reza Mohammadi Zahra Mohammadi Noushin Mohammadifard Reza Mohammadpourhodki Viswanathan Mohan Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff Iraj Mohebbi Niels C Møller Dénes Molnár Amirabbas Momenan Charles K Mondo Michele M Monroy-Valle Roger A Montenegro Mendoza Eric Monterrubio-Flores Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki Jin Soo Moon Mahmood Moosazadeh Farhad Moradpour Leila B Moreira Alain Morejon Luis A Moreno Karen Morgan George Moschonis Alireza Moslem Mildrey Mosquera Malgorzata Mossakowska Aya Mostafa Seyed-Ali Mostafavi Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh Jorge Motta Marcos André Moura-dos-Santos Malay K Mridha Kelias P Msyamboza Thet Thet Mu Florian Muca Boban Mugoša Patricia B Munroe Jaakko Mursu Kamarul Imran Musa Sanja Musić Milanović Vera Musil Geofrey Musinguzi Norlaila Mustafa Muel Telo Marie-Claire Muyer Iraj Nabipour Balkish M Naidu Farid Najafi Hanna Nalecz Jana Námešná KM Venkat Narayan Take Naseri Michels Nathalie Nareemarn Neelapaichit Azim Nejatizadeh Ilona Nenko Flavio Nervi Hannelore K Neuhauser Tze Pin Ng Chung T Nguyen Quang V Nguyen Quang Ngoc Nguyen Michael Y Ni Peng Nie Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez Teemu J Niiranen Toshiharu Ninomiya Nobuo Nishi Sania Nishtar Marianna Noale Oscar A Noboa Helena Nogueira Kevin I Norton Davide Noto Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska Mohannad Al Nsour Irfan Nuhoğlu Eha Nurk Fred Nuwaha Moffat Nyirenda Terence W O'Neill Caleb Ochimana Angélica M Ochoa-Avilés Eiji Oda Augustine N Odili Kyungwon Oh Ryutaro Ohtsuka Brian Oldenburg Valérie Olié Mohd Azahadi Omar Saeed M Omar Altan Onat Sok King Ong N Charlotte Onland-Moret Lariane M Ono Obinna Onodugo Pedro Ordunez Rui Ornelas Ana P Ortiz Pedro J Ortiz Clive Osmond Sergej M Ostojic Afshin Ostovar Johanna A Otero Charlotte B Ottendahl Akaninyene Otu Kim Overvad Ellis Owusu-Dabo Cristina P Padez Ioannis Pagkalos Natalja Pajula Alberto Palloni Luigi Palmieri Wen-Harn Pan Francesco Panza Mariela Paoli Sousana K Papadopoulou Rossina G Pareja Soon-Woo Park Suyeon Park Winsome R Parnell Mahboubeh Parsaeian Ionela M Pascanu Patrick Pasquet Nikhil D Patel Halyna Pavlyshyn Raimund Pechlaner Ivan Pećin João M Pedro Sergio Viana Peixoto Markku Peltonen Alexandre C Pereira Karen GDA Peres Marco A Peres Agustín Perez-Londoño Cynthia M Pérez Valentina Peterkova Olga Petrovna Kovtun Niloofar Peykari Son Thai Pham Rafael N Pichardo Preux Pierre-Marie Hynek Pikhart Aida Pilav Pavel Piler Aleksandra Piwonska Andreia N Pizarro Silvia Plata Raluca M Pop Barry M Popkin Stevo R Popovic Miquel Porta Anil Poudyal Farhad Pourfarzi Akram Pourshams Hossein Poustchi Rajendra Pradeepa Alison J Price Antonio Prista Rui Providencia Jardena J Puder Iveta Pudule Soile Puhakka Maria Puiu Margus Punab Mostafa Qorbani Anna Quialheiro Hedley K Quintana Pedro J Quiroga-Padilla Tran Quoc Bao Stefan Rach Salar Rahimikazerooni Mahmudur Rahman Olli Raitakari Sherali Rakhmatulloev Ivo Rakovac Ambady Ramachandran Otim PC Ramadan Manuel Ramirez-Zea Rafel Ramos Lekhraj Rampal Sanjay Rampal Sheena E Ramsay João FLB Rangel Junior Daniel A Rangel Reina Lalka S Rangelova Vayia Rarra Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Cassiano Ricardo Rech Josep Redon Valéria Regecová Jane DP Renner Judit A Repasy Cézane P Reuter Luis Revilla Andrew Reynolds Negar Rezaei Abbas Rezaianzadeh Elio Riboli Fernando Rigo Attilio Rigotti Leanne M Riley Tobias F Rinke de Wit Ulf Risérus Raphael M Ritti-Dias Reina G Roa Romana Roccaldo Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo María del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar Andrea Y Rodríguez Ulla Roggenbuck Peter Rohloff Rosalba Rojas-Martinez Elisabetta L Romeo Rafaela V Rosario Annika Rosengren Ian Rouse Adolfo Rubinstein Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt Maria Ruiz-Castell Emma Ruiz Moreno Iuliia A Rusakova Wojciech Rusek Petra Rust Marcin Rutkowski Marge Saamel Hamideh Sabbaghi Harshpal S Sachdev Alireza Sadjadi Ali Reza Safarpour Sare Safi Mohammad Hossien Saghi Olfa Saidi Calogero Saieva Satoko Sakata Nader Saki Sanja Šalaj Eduardo Salazar Martinez Akkumis Salkhanova Jukka T Salonen Margarita Samoutian Jose Sánchez-Abanto Inés Sánchez Rodríguez Diana A Santos Ina S Santos Maria Paula Santos Tamara R Santos Jouko L Saramies Luis B Sardinha Giselle Sarganas Nizal Sarrafzadegan Kai-Uwe Saum Stefan Savin Mariana Sbaraini Marcia Scazufca Beatriz D Schaan Anja Schienkiewitz Karin Schindler Sabine Schipf Amand Floriaan Schmidt Börge Schmidt Carsten O Schmidt Ben Schöttker Sara Schramm Stine Schramm Helmut Schröder Constance Schultsz Aletta E Schutte Sylvain Sebert Moslem Sedaghattalab Aye Aye Sein Abhijit Sen Sadaf G Sepanlou Guillermo Sequera Ľudmila Ševčíková Ronel Sewpaul Teresa Shamah-Levy Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran Maryam Sharafkhah Sanjib K Sharma Almaz Sharman Amaneh Shayanrad Ali Akbar Shayesteh Lela Shengelia Kenji Shibuya Hana Shimizu-Furusawa Rahman Shiri Marat Shoranov Namuna Shrestha Khairil Si-Ramlee Abla M Sibai Labros S Sidossis Antonio M Silva Caroline Ramos de Moura Silva Diego Augusto Santos Silva Kelly Samara Silva Xueling Sim Mary Simon Michael Sjöström Natalia A Skoblina Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer Przemysław Slusarczyk Liam Smeeth Lee Smith Fernanda Cunha Soares Grzegorz Sobek Eugène Sobngwi Morten Sodemann Agustinus Soemantri Vincenzo Solfrizzi Mohammad Hossein Somi Elin P Sørgjerd Maroje Sorić Victoria E Soto-Rojas Aïcha Soumaré Alfonso Sousa-Poza Igor Spiroski Jan A Staessen Andreas Stang Jostein Steene-Johannessen Peter Stehle Aryeh D Stein George S Stergiou Jakub Stokwiszewski Ekaterina Stoyanova Gareth Stratton Karien Stronks Lela Sturua Milton F Suarez-Ortegón Phalakorn Suebsamran Gerhard Sulo Johan Sundström Paibul Suriyawongpaisal Boyd A Swinburn René Charles Sylva Lucjan Szponar E Shyong Tai Konstantinos D Tambalis Abdonas Tamosiunas Baimakhan Tanabayev Maya Tanrygulyyeva Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh Jakob Tarp Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani Radka Taxová Braunerová Saskia Te Velde William R Tebar Grethe S Tell Tania Tello KR Thankappan Xenophon Theodoridis Sathish Thirunavukkarasu Nihal Thomas Amanda G Thrift Ľubica Tichá Erik J Timmermans Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini Anne Tjonneland Janne S Tolstrup Murat Topbas Laura Torres-Collado Giota Touloumi Pierre Traissac Areti Triantafyllou Atul Trivedi Lechaba Tshepo Panagiotis Tsintavis John Tuitele Azaliia M Tuliakova Marshall K Tulloch-Reid Fikru Tullu Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen Maria L Turley Evangelia Tzala Themistoklis Tzotzas Christophe Tzourio Peter Ueda Eunice Ugel Flora AM Ukoli Zhamyila Usupova Hannu MT Uusitalo Nalan Uysal Gonzalo Valdivia Damaskini Valvi Rob M van Dam Bert-Jan van den Born Johan Van der Heyden Yvonne T van der Schouw Wendy Van Lippevelde Hoang Van Minh Natasja M Van Schoor Irene GM van Valkengoed Dirk Vanderschueren Diego Vanuzzo Gregorio Varela-Moreiras Luz Nayibe Vargas Senthil K Vasan Daniel G Vasques Tomas Vega Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez Biruta Velika Charlotte Verdot Maïté Verloigne Giovanni Veronesi WM Monique Verschuren Roosmarijn Verstraeten Lucie Viet Frøydis N Vik Monica Vilar Salvador Villalpando Jesus Vioque Jyrki K Virtanen Marjolein Visser Bharathi Viswanathan Mihaela Vladulescu Henry Völzke Ari Voutilainen Martine Vrijheid Alisha N Wade Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior Chongjian Wang Huijun Wang Ningli Wang Qian Wang Xiangjun Wang Ya Xing Wang Ying-Wei Wang S Goya Wannamethee Nicholas Wareham Olivia Wartha Adelheid Weber Karen Webster-Kerr Niels Wedderkopp Daniel Weghuber Wenbin Wei Leo Westbury Peter H Whincup Kremlin Wickramasinghe Kurt Widhalm Indah S Widyahening Andrzej Więcek Rainford J Wilks Karin Willeit Peter Willeit Julianne Williams Tom Wilsgaard Bogdan Wojtyniak Roy A Wong-McClure Andrew Wong Emily B Wong Frederick C Wu Justyna Wyszyńska Haiquan Xu Liang Xu Nor Azwany Yaacob Li Yan Weili Yan Yang Yang Martha Yépez García Moein Yoosefi Akihiro Yoshihara Novie O Younger-Coleman Yu-Ling Yu Yunjiang Yu Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff Vassilis Zafiropulos Ahmad A Zainuddin Farhad Zamani Sabina Zambon Antonis Zampelas Maria Elisa Zapata Ko Ko Zaw Tomasz Zdrojewski Magdalena Żegleń Kristyna Zejglicova Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic Bing Zhang Zhen-Yu Zhang Yanitsa V Zhecheva Bekbolat Zholdin Paul Zimmet Marie Zins Julio Zuñiga Cisneros Monika Zuziak Majid Ezzati Gareth Stratton |
format |
Journal article |
container_title |
The Lancet |
container_volume |
404 |
container_issue |
10455 |
container_start_page |
851 |
publishDate |
2024 |
institution |
Swansea University |
issn |
0140-6736 |
doi_str_mv |
10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01405-3 |
publisher |
Elsevier BV |
college_str |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
hierarchytype |
|
hierarchy_top_id |
facultyofscienceandengineering |
hierarchy_top_title |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
hierarchy_parent_id |
facultyofscienceandengineering |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
department_str |
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences |
document_store_str |
0 |
active_str |
0 |
description |
BackgroundAdiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hypertension.MethodsWe used data from studies carried out from 1990 to 2023 on BMI, WHtR and hypertension in people aged 20–64 years in representative samples of the general population in eight world regions. We graphically compared the regional distributions of BMI and WHtR, and calculated Pearson's correlation coefficients between BMI and WHtR within each region. We used mixed-effects linear regression to estimate the extent to which WHtR varies across regions at the same BMI. We graphically examined the prevalence of hypertension and the distribution of people who have hypertension both in relation to BMI and WHtR, and we assessed how closely BMI and WHtR discriminate between participants with and without hypertension using C-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI).FindingsThe correlation between BMI and WHtR ranged from 0·76 to 0·89 within different regions. After adjusting for age and BMI, mean WHtR was highest in south Asia for both sexes, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. Mean WHtR was lowest in central and eastern Europe for both sexes, in the high-income western region for women, and in Oceania for men. Conversely, to achieve an equivalent WHtR, the BMI of the population of south Asia would need to be, on average, 2·79 kg/m2 (95% CI 2·31–3·28) lower for women and 1·28 kg/m2 (1·02–1·54) lower for men than in the high-income western region. In every region, hypertension prevalence increased with both BMI and WHtR. Models with either of these two adiposity metrics had virtually identical C-statistics and NRIs for every region and sex, with C-statistics ranging from 0·72 to 0·81 and NRIs ranging from 0·34 to 0·57 in different region and sex combinations. When both BMI and WHtR were used, performance improved only slightly compared with using either adiposity measure alone.InterpretationBMI can distinguish young and middle-aged adults with higher versus lower amounts of abdominal adiposity with moderate-to-high accuracy, and both BMI and WHtR distinguish people with or without hypertension. However, at the same BMI level, people in south Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa, have higher WHtR than in the other regions. |
published_date |
2024-08-29T05:38:50Z |
_version_ |
1821382730766614528 |
score |
11.04748 |