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Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)

A. Verdonschot, M. R. Beauchamp, T. A. Brusseau, M. J. M. Chinapaw, L. B. Christiansen, A. Daly-Smith, N. Eather, S. J. Fairclough, G. Faulkner, L. Foweather, A. García-Hermoso, A. S. Ha, N. Harris, T. Jaakkola, R. Jago, S. G. Kennedy, N. J. Lander, C. Lonsdale, Y. Manios, E. Mazzoli, E. Murtagh, N. Nathan, P. J. Naylor, M. Noetel, B. O’Keeffe, G. K. Resaland, N. D. Ridgers, K. Ridley, N. Riley, R. R. Rosenkranz, S. K. Rosenkranz, A. Sääkslahti, S. M. Sczygiol, T. Skovgaard, E. M. F. van Sluijs, J. J. Smith, M. Smith, Gareth Stratton Orcid Logo, J. Vidal-Conti, C. A. Webster, E. S. Young, D. R. Lubans Orcid Logo

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Volume: 21, Issue: 1

Swansea University Author: Gareth Stratton Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1186/s12966-024-01640-4

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BackgroundTeachers are recognized as ‘key agents’ for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions.Method...

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Published in: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
ISSN: 1479-5868
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2024
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><rfc1807 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>67543</id><entry>2024-09-03</entry><title>Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-5618-0803</ORCID><firstname>Gareth</firstname><surname>Stratton</surname><name>Gareth Stratton</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2024-09-03</date><deptcode>EAAS</deptcode><abstract>BackgroundTeachers are recognized as ‘key agents’ for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions.MethodsThe development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS) involved three phases. In Phase 1, we invited academic experts to participate in a Delphi study to rate, provide recommendations, and achieve consensus on questionnaire items that were based on the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behavior (COM-B) model. Each item was ranked on the degree to which it matched the content of the COM-B model, using a 5-point scale ranging from ‘1 = Poor match’ to ‘5 = Excellent match’. In Phase 2, we interviewed primary and secondary school teachers using a ‘think-aloud’ approach to assess their understanding of the items. In Phase 3, teachers (n = 196) completed the COM-PASS to assess structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThirty-eight academic experts from 14 countries completed three rounds of the Delphi study. In the first round, items had an average rating score of 4.04, in the second round 4.51, and in the third (final) round 4.78. The final tool included 14 items, which related to the six constructs of the COM-B model: physical capability, psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity, reflective motivation, and automatic motivation. In Phase 2, ten teachers shared their interpretation of COM-PASS via a 20-min interview, which resulted in minor changes. In Phase 3, CFA of the 3-factor model (i.e., capability, opportunity, and motivation) revealed an adequate fit to the data (χ2 = 122.6, p &lt; .001, CFI = .945, TLI = .924, RMSEA = .066). The internal consistencies of the three subscale scores were acceptable (i.e., capability: α = .75, opportunity: α = .75, motivation: α = .81).ConclusionCOM-PASS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver physical activity interventions in schools. Further studies examining additional psychometric properties of the COM-PASS are warranted.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity</journal><volume>21</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>1479-5868</issnElectronic><keywords>Implementation, Physical activity, Scale, Primary and secondary schools</keywords><publishedDay>26</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2024</publishedYear><publishedDate>2024-08-26</publishedDate><doi>10.1186/s12966-024-01640-4</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering and Applied Sciences School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EAAS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Another institution paid the OA fee</apcterm><funders>This project is funded by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Partnership Grant (APP2010866).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-10-28T14:05:43.8969262</lastEdited><Created>2024-09-03T10:23:54.4712376</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>A.</firstname><surname>Verdonschot</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>M. R.</firstname><surname>Beauchamp</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>T. A.</firstname><surname>Brusseau</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>M. J. M.</firstname><surname>Chinapaw</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>L. B.</firstname><surname>Christiansen</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>A.</firstname><surname>Daly-Smith</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>N.</firstname><surname>Eather</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>S. J.</firstname><surname>Fairclough</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>G.</firstname><surname>Faulkner</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>L.</firstname><surname>Foweather</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>A.</firstname><surname>García-Hermoso</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>A. S.</firstname><surname>Ha</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>N.</firstname><surname>Harris</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>T.</firstname><surname>Jaakkola</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>R.</firstname><surname>Jago</surname><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>S. G.</firstname><surname>Kennedy</surname><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>N. J.</firstname><surname>Lander</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>C.</firstname><surname>Lonsdale</surname><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>Y.</firstname><surname>Manios</surname><order>19</order></author><author><firstname>E.</firstname><surname>Mazzoli</surname><order>20</order></author><author><firstname>E.</firstname><surname>Murtagh</surname><order>21</order></author><author><firstname>N.</firstname><surname>Nathan</surname><order>22</order></author><author><firstname>P. J.</firstname><surname>Naylor</surname><order>23</order></author><author><firstname>M.</firstname><surname>Noetel</surname><order>24</order></author><author><firstname>B.</firstname><surname>O’Keeffe</surname><order>25</order></author><author><firstname>G. K.</firstname><surname>Resaland</surname><order>26</order></author><author><firstname>N. D.</firstname><surname>Ridgers</surname><order>27</order></author><author><firstname>K.</firstname><surname>Ridley</surname><order>28</order></author><author><firstname>N.</firstname><surname>Riley</surname><order>29</order></author><author><firstname>R. R.</firstname><surname>Rosenkranz</surname><order>30</order></author><author><firstname>S. K.</firstname><surname>Rosenkranz</surname><order>31</order></author><author><firstname>A.</firstname><surname>Sääkslahti</surname><order>32</order></author><author><firstname>S. M.</firstname><surname>Sczygiol</surname><order>33</order></author><author><firstname>T.</firstname><surname>Skovgaard</surname><order>34</order></author><author><firstname>E. M. F. van</firstname><surname>Sluijs</surname><order>35</order></author><author><firstname>J. J.</firstname><surname>Smith</surname><order>36</order></author><author><firstname>M.</firstname><surname>Smith</surname><order>37</order></author><author><firstname>Gareth</firstname><surname>Stratton</surname><orcid>0000-0001-5618-0803</orcid><order>38</order></author><author><firstname>J.</firstname><surname>Vidal-Conti</surname><order>39</order></author><author><firstname>C. A.</firstname><surname>Webster</surname><order>40</order></author><author><firstname>E. S.</firstname><surname>Young</surname><order>41</order></author><author><firstname>D. 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spelling v2 67543 2024-09-03 Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS) 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01 0000-0001-5618-0803 Gareth Stratton Gareth Stratton true false 2024-09-03 EAAS BackgroundTeachers are recognized as ‘key agents’ for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions.MethodsThe development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS) involved three phases. In Phase 1, we invited academic experts to participate in a Delphi study to rate, provide recommendations, and achieve consensus on questionnaire items that were based on the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behavior (COM-B) model. Each item was ranked on the degree to which it matched the content of the COM-B model, using a 5-point scale ranging from ‘1 = Poor match’ to ‘5 = Excellent match’. In Phase 2, we interviewed primary and secondary school teachers using a ‘think-aloud’ approach to assess their understanding of the items. In Phase 3, teachers (n = 196) completed the COM-PASS to assess structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThirty-eight academic experts from 14 countries completed three rounds of the Delphi study. In the first round, items had an average rating score of 4.04, in the second round 4.51, and in the third (final) round 4.78. The final tool included 14 items, which related to the six constructs of the COM-B model: physical capability, psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity, reflective motivation, and automatic motivation. In Phase 2, ten teachers shared their interpretation of COM-PASS via a 20-min interview, which resulted in minor changes. In Phase 3, CFA of the 3-factor model (i.e., capability, opportunity, and motivation) revealed an adequate fit to the data (χ2 = 122.6, p < .001, CFI = .945, TLI = .924, RMSEA = .066). The internal consistencies of the three subscale scores were acceptable (i.e., capability: α = .75, opportunity: α = .75, motivation: α = .81).ConclusionCOM-PASS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver physical activity interventions in schools. Further studies examining additional psychometric properties of the COM-PASS are warranted. Journal Article International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity 21 1 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1479-5868 Implementation, Physical activity, Scale, Primary and secondary schools 26 8 2024 2024-08-26 10.1186/s12966-024-01640-4 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This project is funded by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Partnership Grant (APP2010866). 2024-10-28T14:05:43.8969262 2024-09-03T10:23:54.4712376 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences A. Verdonschot 1 M. R. Beauchamp 2 T. A. Brusseau 3 M. J. M. Chinapaw 4 L. B. Christiansen 5 A. Daly-Smith 6 N. Eather 7 S. J. Fairclough 8 G. Faulkner 9 L. Foweather 10 A. García-Hermoso 11 A. S. Ha 12 N. Harris 13 T. Jaakkola 14 R. Jago 15 S. G. Kennedy 16 N. J. Lander 17 C. Lonsdale 18 Y. Manios 19 E. Mazzoli 20 E. Murtagh 21 N. Nathan 22 P. J. Naylor 23 M. Noetel 24 B. O’Keeffe 25 G. K. Resaland 26 N. D. Ridgers 27 K. Ridley 28 N. Riley 29 R. R. Rosenkranz 30 S. K. Rosenkranz 31 A. Sääkslahti 32 S. M. Sczygiol 33 T. Skovgaard 34 E. M. F. van Sluijs 35 J. J. Smith 36 M. Smith 37 Gareth Stratton 0000-0001-5618-0803 38 J. Vidal-Conti 39 C. A. Webster 40 E. S. Young 41 D. R. Lubans 0000-0002-0204-8257 42 67543__31247__ee8e2f9a4d444198b37a98390b4be8f1.pdf 67543.pdf 2024-09-03T10:27:19.4861868 Output 1406908 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
spellingShingle Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
Gareth Stratton
title_short Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
title_full Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
title_fullStr Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
title_full_unstemmed Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
title_sort Development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS)
author_id_str_mv 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01
author_id_fullname_str_mv 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01_***_Gareth Stratton
author Gareth Stratton
author2 A. Verdonschot
M. R. Beauchamp
T. A. Brusseau
M. J. M. Chinapaw
L. B. Christiansen
A. Daly-Smith
N. Eather
S. J. Fairclough
G. Faulkner
L. Foweather
A. García-Hermoso
A. S. Ha
N. Harris
T. Jaakkola
R. Jago
S. G. Kennedy
N. J. Lander
C. Lonsdale
Y. Manios
E. Mazzoli
E. Murtagh
N. Nathan
P. J. Naylor
M. Noetel
B. O’Keeffe
G. K. Resaland
N. D. Ridgers
K. Ridley
N. Riley
R. R. Rosenkranz
S. K. Rosenkranz
A. Sääkslahti
S. M. Sczygiol
T. Skovgaard
E. M. F. van Sluijs
J. J. Smith
M. Smith
Gareth Stratton
J. Vidal-Conti
C. A. Webster
E. S. Young
D. R. Lubans
format Journal article
container_title International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
container_volume 21
container_issue 1
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 1479-5868
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s12966-024-01640-4
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description BackgroundTeachers are recognized as ‘key agents’ for the delivery of physical activity programs and policies in schools. The aim of our study was to develop and evaluate a tool to assess teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver school-based physical activity interventions.MethodsThe development and evaluation of the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to deliver Physical Activity in School Scale (COM-PASS) involved three phases. In Phase 1, we invited academic experts to participate in a Delphi study to rate, provide recommendations, and achieve consensus on questionnaire items that were based on the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation Behavior (COM-B) model. Each item was ranked on the degree to which it matched the content of the COM-B model, using a 5-point scale ranging from ‘1 = Poor match’ to ‘5 = Excellent match’. In Phase 2, we interviewed primary and secondary school teachers using a ‘think-aloud’ approach to assess their understanding of the items. In Phase 3, teachers (n = 196) completed the COM-PASS to assess structural validity using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThirty-eight academic experts from 14 countries completed three rounds of the Delphi study. In the first round, items had an average rating score of 4.04, in the second round 4.51, and in the third (final) round 4.78. The final tool included 14 items, which related to the six constructs of the COM-B model: physical capability, psychological capability, physical opportunity, social opportunity, reflective motivation, and automatic motivation. In Phase 2, ten teachers shared their interpretation of COM-PASS via a 20-min interview, which resulted in minor changes. In Phase 3, CFA of the 3-factor model (i.e., capability, opportunity, and motivation) revealed an adequate fit to the data (χ2 = 122.6, p < .001, CFI = .945, TLI = .924, RMSEA = .066). The internal consistencies of the three subscale scores were acceptable (i.e., capability: α = .75, opportunity: α = .75, motivation: α = .81).ConclusionCOM-PASS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing teachers’ capability, opportunity, and motivation to deliver physical activity interventions in schools. Further studies examining additional psychometric properties of the COM-PASS are warranted.
published_date 2024-08-26T14:05:42Z
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