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Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations

Jose C. Yong Orcid Logo, Chun Hui Lim, Peter K. Jonason, Andrew Thomas Orcid Logo

Archives of Sexual Behavior

Swansea University Author: Andrew Thomas Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s10508-024-02955-w

Abstract

While previous studies guided by evolutionary life history theory have revealed several important socioecological moderators of the influence of population density (PD) on reproduction, absent is an understanding of how individual-level factors such as personal resources and sex differences might in...

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Published in: Archives of Sexual Behavior
ISSN: 0004-0002 1573-2800
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67169
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spelling v2 67169 2024-07-24 Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations a43308ae6d7f5b8d5ab0daff5b832a96 0000-0001-5251-7923 Andrew Thomas Andrew Thomas true false 2024-07-24 PSYS While previous studies guided by evolutionary life history theory have revealed several important socioecological moderators of the influence of population density (PD) on reproduction, absent is an understanding of how individual-level factors such as personal resources and sex differences might interact and play a role. Using data from a large sample of clients (N = 4,432,440) of an online dating company spanning 317 states nested within 23 countries, we contributed a robust multilevel analysis of life history effects by assessing the interaction between state-level PD and individual-level income on offspring quantity, and we further qualified this analysis by sex. Consistent with previous research, PD was negatively correlated with having children. Consistent with our novel hypotheses, this negative relationship was moderated by income such that the link between PD and low fertility became weaker with increasing levels of income and these patterns were stronger for men than for women. These results held despite controlling for a variety of country-level, state-level, and individual-level confounds. Findings are discussed together with theoretical and practical implications for the management of fertility based on evolutionary life history perspectives. Journal Article Archives of Sexual Behavior 0 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 0004-0002 1573-2800 22 7 2024 2024-07-22 10.1007/s10508-024-02955-w A Correction to this article was published on 19 August 2024: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-02981-8 COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This study was supported by the American Psychological Foundation’s Henry P. David Research Grant. The third author was partially funded by a grant from the National Science Centre of Poland (2019/35/B/HS6/00682). 2024-09-02T14:19:32.6234661 2024-07-24T11:03:47.5787312 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Jose C. Yong 0000-0002-6413-2016 1 Chun Hui Lim 2 Peter K. Jonason 3 Andrew Thomas 0000-0001-5251-7923 4 67169__31180__f179e491efc34a23800b39284f8c58c5.pdf 67169.VoR.pdf 2024-08-29T17:05:58.0810958 Output 952304 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2024, corrected publication 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
spellingShingle Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
Andrew Thomas
title_short Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
title_full Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
title_fullStr Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
title_full_unstemmed Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
title_sort Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
author_id_str_mv a43308ae6d7f5b8d5ab0daff5b832a96
author_id_fullname_str_mv a43308ae6d7f5b8d5ab0daff5b832a96_***_Andrew Thomas
author Andrew Thomas
author2 Jose C. Yong
Chun Hui Lim
Peter K. Jonason
Andrew Thomas
format Journal article
container_title Archives of Sexual Behavior
container_volume 0
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 0004-0002
1573-2800
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10508-024-02955-w
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description While previous studies guided by evolutionary life history theory have revealed several important socioecological moderators of the influence of population density (PD) on reproduction, absent is an understanding of how individual-level factors such as personal resources and sex differences might interact and play a role. Using data from a large sample of clients (N = 4,432,440) of an online dating company spanning 317 states nested within 23 countries, we contributed a robust multilevel analysis of life history effects by assessing the interaction between state-level PD and individual-level income on offspring quantity, and we further qualified this analysis by sex. Consistent with previous research, PD was negatively correlated with having children. Consistent with our novel hypotheses, this negative relationship was moderated by income such that the link between PD and low fertility became weaker with increasing levels of income and these patterns were stronger for men than for women. These results held despite controlling for a variety of country-level, state-level, and individual-level confounds. Findings are discussed together with theoretical and practical implications for the management of fertility based on evolutionary life history perspectives.
published_date 2024-07-22T14:19:31Z
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score 11.036684

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