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Income and Sex Moderate the Association Between Population Density and Reproduction: A Multilevel Analysis of Life History Strategies Across 23 Nations
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Chun Hui Lim,
Peter K. Jonason,
Andrew Thomas
Archives of Sexual Behavior
Swansea University Author:
Andrew Thomas
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© The Author(s) 2024, corrected publication 2024. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s10508-024-02955-w
Abstract
While previous studies guided by evolutionary life history theory have revealed several important socioecological moderators of the influence of population density (PD) on reproduction, absent is an understanding of how individual-level factors such as personal resources and sex differences might in...
| Published in: | Archives of Sexual Behavior |
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| ISSN: | 0004-0002 1573-2800 |
| Published: |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2024
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67169 |
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| Abstract: |
While previous studies guided by evolutionary life history theory have revealed several important socioecological moderators of the influence of population density (PD) on reproduction, absent is an understanding of how individual-level factors such as personal resources and sex differences might interact and play a role. Using data from a large sample of clients (N = 4,432,440) of an online dating company spanning 317 states nested within 23 countries, we contributed a robust multilevel analysis of life history effects by assessing the interaction between state-level PD and individual-level income on offspring quantity, and we further qualified this analysis by sex. Consistent with previous research, PD was negatively correlated with having children. Consistent with our novel hypotheses, this negative relationship was moderated by income such that the link between PD and low fertility became weaker with increasing levels of income and these patterns were stronger for men than for women. These results held despite controlling for a variety of country-level, state-level, and individual-level confounds. Findings are discussed together with theoretical and practical implications for the management of fertility based on evolutionary life history perspectives. |
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| Item Description: |
A Correction to this article was published on 19 August 2024: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-02981-8 |
| College: |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
| Funders: |
This study was supported by the American Psychological Foundation’s Henry P. David Research Grant. The third author was partially funded by a grant from the National Science Centre of Poland (2019/35/B/HS6/00682). |