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Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective

Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu Orcid Logo, Kishore Sridharan Orcid Logo, Sanjay Nagarajan Orcid Logo, Sengeni Ananthraj, Peter Robertson Orcid Logo, Moritz Kuehnel, Ángel Irabien Orcid Logo, Mercedes Maroto-Valer

Energies, Volume: 15, Issue: 19, Start page: 7399

Swansea University Authors: Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu Orcid Logo, Moritz Kuehnel

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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/en15197399

Abstract

Green hydrogen—a carbon-free renewable fuel—has the capability to decarbonise a variety of sectors. The generation of green hydrogen is currently restricted to water electrolysers. The use of freshwater resources and critical raw materials, however, limits their use. Alternative water splitting meth...

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Published in: Energies
ISSN: 1996-1073
Published: MDPI AG 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65136
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spelling v2 65136 2023-11-28 Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective 2fdbee02f4bfc5a1b174c8bd04afbd2b 0000-0001-9098-8806 Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu true false 210dbad181ce095d6f8bf2bd1d616d4e Moritz Kuehnel Moritz Kuehnel true false 2023-11-28 EEN Green hydrogen—a carbon-free renewable fuel—has the capability to decarbonise a variety of sectors. The generation of green hydrogen is currently restricted to water electrolysers. The use of freshwater resources and critical raw materials, however, limits their use. Alternative water splitting methods for green hydrogen generation via photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) have been explored in the past few decades; however, their commercial potential still remains unexploited due to the high hydrogen generation costs. Novel PEC-based simultaneous generation of green hydrogen and wastewater treatment/high-value product production is therefore seen as an alternative to conventional water splitting. Interestingly, the organic/inorganic pollutants in wastewater and biomass favourably act as electron donors and facilitate the dual-functional process of recovering green hydrogen while oxidising the organic matter. The generation of green hydrogen through the dual-functional PEC process opens up opportunities for a “circular economy”. It further enables the end-of-life commodities to be reused, recycled and resourced for a better life-cycle design while being economically viable for commercialisation. This review brings together and critically analyses the recent trends towards simultaneous wastewater treatment/biomass reforming while generating hydrogen gas by employing the PEC technology. We have briefly discussed the technical challenges associated with the tandem PEC process, new avenues, techno-economic feasibility and future directions towards achieving net neutrality. Journal Article Energies 15 19 7399 MDPI AG 1996-1073 photoelectrocatalysis; dual-functional photocatalysis; hydrogen generation; wastewater treatment; biomass reforming 9 10 2022 2022-10-09 10.3390/en15197399 COLLEGE NANME Engineering COLLEGE CODE EEN Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This research received no external funding. The APC was funded by Heriot-Watt University (Start-up grant). 2024-03-07T13:13:24.5445877 2023-11-28T14:45:50.5019788 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu 0000-0001-9098-8806 1 Kishore Sridharan 0000-0002-2099-2962 2 Sanjay Nagarajan 0000-0003-2678-693x 3 Sengeni Ananthraj 4 Peter Robertson 0000-0002-5217-661x 5 Moritz Kuehnel 6 Ángel Irabien 0000-0002-2411-4163 7 Mercedes Maroto-Valer 8 65136__29135__bf73ae3d0202417f935cc24c4659c902.pdf 65136_MKurhnel.pdf 2023-11-28T14:51:33.7918051 Output 2586332 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons true eng https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/
title Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
spellingShingle Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu
Moritz Kuehnel
title_short Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
title_full Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
title_fullStr Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
title_sort Solar Hydrogen Fuel Generation from Wastewater—Beyond Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: A Perspective
author_id_str_mv 2fdbee02f4bfc5a1b174c8bd04afbd2b
210dbad181ce095d6f8bf2bd1d616d4e
author_id_fullname_str_mv 2fdbee02f4bfc5a1b174c8bd04afbd2b_***_Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu
210dbad181ce095d6f8bf2bd1d616d4e_***_Moritz Kuehnel
author Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu
Moritz Kuehnel
author2 Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu
Kishore Sridharan
Sanjay Nagarajan
Sengeni Ananthraj
Peter Robertson
Moritz Kuehnel
Ángel Irabien
Mercedes Maroto-Valer
format Journal article
container_title Energies
container_volume 15
container_issue 19
container_start_page 7399
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 1996-1073
doi_str_mv 10.3390/en15197399
publisher MDPI AG
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Green hydrogen—a carbon-free renewable fuel—has the capability to decarbonise a variety of sectors. The generation of green hydrogen is currently restricted to water electrolysers. The use of freshwater resources and critical raw materials, however, limits their use. Alternative water splitting methods for green hydrogen generation via photocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) have been explored in the past few decades; however, their commercial potential still remains unexploited due to the high hydrogen generation costs. Novel PEC-based simultaneous generation of green hydrogen and wastewater treatment/high-value product production is therefore seen as an alternative to conventional water splitting. Interestingly, the organic/inorganic pollutants in wastewater and biomass favourably act as electron donors and facilitate the dual-functional process of recovering green hydrogen while oxidising the organic matter. The generation of green hydrogen through the dual-functional PEC process opens up opportunities for a “circular economy”. It further enables the end-of-life commodities to be reused, recycled and resourced for a better life-cycle design while being economically viable for commercialisation. This review brings together and critically analyses the recent trends towards simultaneous wastewater treatment/biomass reforming while generating hydrogen gas by employing the PEC technology. We have briefly discussed the technical challenges associated with the tandem PEC process, new avenues, techno-economic feasibility and future directions towards achieving net neutrality.
published_date 2022-10-09T13:13:21Z
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