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Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes

Varun Gangoli Orcid Logo, Thomas Mahy, Tim Yick, Yubiao Niu, Richard Palmer Orcid Logo, Alvin Orbaek White Orcid Logo

Carbon Letters, Volume: 32, Pages: 1681 - 1688

Swansea University Authors: Varun Gangoli Orcid Logo, Tim Yick, Yubiao Niu, Richard Palmer Orcid Logo, Alvin Orbaek White Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s42823-022-00398-8

Abstract

We report the use of face mask materials as a carbon precursor for the synthesis of multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an open-loop chemical recycling process. Novel surgical mask precursors were suspended in toluene and injected into a chemical vapor deposition reactor previously o...

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Published in: Carbon Letters
ISSN: 1976-4251 2233-4998
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61175
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Novel surgical mask precursors were suspended in toluene and injected into a chemical vapor deposition reactor previously optimized for CNT production using liquid injection. The CNTs were collected and characterized using resonant Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before being turned into fibrils that were tested for electrical conductance. Once confirmed and repeated for statistical accuracy, a CNT-based Ethernet cable was manufactured and tested using iPerf3 for uplink and downlink speeds exceeding broadband standards worldwide. Radial breathing modes from Raman spectroscopy indicate single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) with diameters ranging from 0.8 to 1.55 nm and this matches well with TEM observations of SWCNTs with 1.5 nm diameter. 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Thomas Mahy is funded through TRIMTABS Ltd as part of EPSRC DTP at Swansea University. Alvin Orbaek White was funded through S&#xEA;r Cymru II Fellowship by the Welsh Government and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Alvin Orbaek White and Tim Yick acknowledge funding from Welsh Government Circular Economy Capital Fund FY 2020&#x2013;21. The authors acknowledge access to the SEM provided by the Swansea University AIM Facility, funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708) and the Welsh Government&#x2019;s S&#xEA;r Cymru program. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. 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spelling 2023-01-05T13:08:44.3165863 v2 61175 2022-09-12 Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes 677b4758fd9d95755d516b096be7d396 0000-0001-5313-5839 Varun Gangoli Varun Gangoli true false ccb07360981496ff88079701bd101801 Tim Yick Tim Yick true false c403a40f2acf2dc32e37b4555d19b4c0 Yubiao Niu Yubiao Niu true false 6ae369618efc7424d9774377536ea519 0000-0001-8728-8083 Richard Palmer Richard Palmer true false 8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e 0000-0001-6338-5970 Alvin Orbaek White Alvin Orbaek White true false 2022-09-12 CHEG We report the use of face mask materials as a carbon precursor for the synthesis of multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an open-loop chemical recycling process. Novel surgical mask precursors were suspended in toluene and injected into a chemical vapor deposition reactor previously optimized for CNT production using liquid injection. The CNTs were collected and characterized using resonant Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before being turned into fibrils that were tested for electrical conductance. Once confirmed and repeated for statistical accuracy, a CNT-based Ethernet cable was manufactured and tested using iPerf3 for uplink and downlink speeds exceeding broadband standards worldwide. Radial breathing modes from Raman spectroscopy indicate single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) with diameters ranging from 0.8 to 1.55 nm and this matches well with TEM observations of SWCNTs with 1.5 nm diameter. This work pushes the horizon of feedstocks useful for CNT and SWCNT production in particular; this work demonstrates upcycling of materials fated for disposal into materials with positive net value and plenty of real-world applications. Journal Article Carbon Letters 32 1681 1688 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1976-4251 2233-4998 Carbon; Carbon nanotube; Electrical conductor; Face masks; Green chemistry; Recycling 30 9 2022 2022-09-30 10.1007/s42823-022-00398-8 COLLEGE NANME Chemical Engineering COLLEGE CODE CHEG Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Varun Shenoy Gangoli is funded through Salts Healthcare Ltd. Thomas Mahy is funded through TRIMTABS Ltd as part of EPSRC DTP at Swansea University. Alvin Orbaek White was funded through Sêr Cymru II Fellowship by the Welsh Government and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Alvin Orbaek White and Tim Yick acknowledge funding from Welsh Government Circular Economy Capital Fund FY 2020–21. The authors acknowledge access to the SEM provided by the Swansea University AIM Facility, funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708) and the Welsh Government’s Sêr Cymru program. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results. The authors acknowledge access to the TEM provided by the Swansea University AIM Facility, funded in part by the EPSRC (EP/M028267/1), the European Regional Development Fund through the Welsh Government (80708). Yubiao Niu is funded through the Welsh Government’s Sêr Cymru II—WEFO ERDF Programme (80761). R.E.P. acknowledges his work was associated with the IMPACT operation. 2023-01-05T13:08:44.3165863 2022-09-12T09:47:16.9906218 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering Varun Gangoli 0000-0001-5313-5839 1 Thomas Mahy 2 Tim Yick 3 Yubiao Niu 4 Richard Palmer 0000-0001-8728-8083 5 Alvin Orbaek White 0000-0001-6338-5970 6 61175__25331__856141d4cca74e3694defc04f2a37d15.pdf 61175_VoR.pdf 2022-10-06T14:35:18.1686752 Output 1124408 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
spellingShingle Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
Varun Gangoli
Tim Yick
Yubiao Niu
Richard Palmer
Alvin Orbaek White
title_short Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
title_full Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
title_fullStr Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
title_full_unstemmed Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
title_sort Upcycling of face masks to application-rich multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes
author_id_str_mv 677b4758fd9d95755d516b096be7d396
ccb07360981496ff88079701bd101801
c403a40f2acf2dc32e37b4555d19b4c0
6ae369618efc7424d9774377536ea519
8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e
author_id_fullname_str_mv 677b4758fd9d95755d516b096be7d396_***_Varun Gangoli
ccb07360981496ff88079701bd101801_***_Tim Yick
c403a40f2acf2dc32e37b4555d19b4c0_***_Yubiao Niu
6ae369618efc7424d9774377536ea519_***_Richard Palmer
8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e_***_Alvin Orbaek White
author Varun Gangoli
Tim Yick
Yubiao Niu
Richard Palmer
Alvin Orbaek White
author2 Varun Gangoli
Thomas Mahy
Tim Yick
Yubiao Niu
Richard Palmer
Alvin Orbaek White
format Journal article
container_title Carbon Letters
container_volume 32
container_start_page 1681
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 1976-4251
2233-4998
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s42823-022-00398-8
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Mechanical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description We report the use of face mask materials as a carbon precursor for the synthesis of multi- and single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an open-loop chemical recycling process. Novel surgical mask precursors were suspended in toluene and injected into a chemical vapor deposition reactor previously optimized for CNT production using liquid injection. The CNTs were collected and characterized using resonant Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before being turned into fibrils that were tested for electrical conductance. Once confirmed and repeated for statistical accuracy, a CNT-based Ethernet cable was manufactured and tested using iPerf3 for uplink and downlink speeds exceeding broadband standards worldwide. Radial breathing modes from Raman spectroscopy indicate single walled CNTs (SWCNTs) with diameters ranging from 0.8 to 1.55 nm and this matches well with TEM observations of SWCNTs with 1.5 nm diameter. This work pushes the horizon of feedstocks useful for CNT and SWCNT production in particular; this work demonstrates upcycling of materials fated for disposal into materials with positive net value and plenty of real-world applications.
published_date 2022-09-30T04:19:49Z
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score 11.013082

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