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The impact of glycaemic load on cognitive performance: A meta-analysis and guiding principles for future research
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Hayley Young
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Volume: 141, Start page: 104824
Swansea University Authors:
Chantelle Gaylor, David Benton, Anthony Brennan , Hayley Young
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104824
Abstract
The effect of breakfast glycaemic load (GL) on cognition was systematically examined. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library (up to May 2022). 15 studies involving adults (aged 20 – 80 years) were included. Studies had a low risk, o...
| Published in: | Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews |
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| ISSN: | 0149-7634 |
| Published: |
Elsevier BV
2022
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61157 |
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| Abstract: |
The effect of breakfast glycaemic load (GL) on cognition was systematically examined. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library (up to May 2022). 15 studies involving adults (aged 20 – 80 years) were included. Studies had a low risk, or some concerns, of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis model revealed no effect of GL on cognition up to 119 min post-consumption. However, after 120 min, immediate episodic memory scores were better following a low-GL compared to a high-GL (SMD = 0.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.00 to 0.32, p = 0.05, I2 = 5%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the benefit was greater in younger adults (<35 years) and those with better GT. A qualitative synthesis of 16 studies involving children and adolescents (aged 5 – 17 years) suggested that a low-GL breakfast may also benefit episodic memory and attention after 120 min. Methodological practises were identified which could explain a failure to detect benefits in some studies. Consequently, guiding principles were developed to optimise future study design. |
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| Keywords: |
Breakfast; Episodic memory; Glycaemic load; Cognitive performance; Meta-analysis; Adults; Children; Adolescents |
| College: |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
| Funders: |
Swansea University |
| Start Page: |
104824 |