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Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters

Martin G. Evans, Danielle M. Alderson Orcid Logo, Chris D. Evans, Andrew Stimson Orcid Logo, Timothy E. H. Allott, Claire Goulsbra, Fred Worrall Orcid Logo, Tia Crouch, Jon Walker Orcid Logo, Mark H. Garnett, James Rowson

Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, Volume: 127, Issue: 7

Swansea University Author: Jon Walker Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1029/2021jg006344

Abstract

Peatland carbon stores are under widespread anthropogenic pressure, resulting in degradation and carbon loss. This paper presents DO14C (Dissolved Organic Carbon) dates from waters draining two eroded blanket peatland catchments in the UK. Both catchments are characterized by severe gully erosion bu...

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Published in: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
ISSN: 2169-8953 2169-8961
Published: American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60773
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DO14C values ranged from 104.3 to 88.6 percent modern (present to 976 Before Present). The oldest DOC dates came from the catchment characterized by both gully and surface erosion and are among the oldest reported from waters draining temperate peatlands. Together with peat age-depth data from across the peatland landscape, the DO14C ages identify where in the peat profile carbon loss is occurring. Source depths were compared with modeled water table data indicating that in the catchment where gully erosion alone dominated, mean water table was a key control on depth of DOC production. In the system exhibiting both gully erosion and surface erosion, DOC ages were younger than expected from the age of surficial peats and measured water tables. This may indicate either that the old organic matter exposed at the surface by erosion is less labile or that there are modifications of hydrological flow pathways. Our data indicate that eroded peatlands are losing carbon from depth, and that erosion form may be a control on carbon loss. 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spelling 2022-08-24T13:43:07.2282831 v2 60773 2022-08-08 Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters 61fc747225701b42066a81bef1f6c4dd 0000-0003-2571-2429 Jon Walker Jon Walker true false 2022-08-08 SBI Peatland carbon stores are under widespread anthropogenic pressure, resulting in degradation and carbon loss. This paper presents DO14C (Dissolved Organic Carbon) dates from waters draining two eroded blanket peatland catchments in the UK. Both catchments are characterized by severe gully erosion but one additionally has extensive surface erosion on unvegetated surfaces. DO14C values ranged from 104.3 to 88.6 percent modern (present to 976 Before Present). The oldest DOC dates came from the catchment characterized by both gully and surface erosion and are among the oldest reported from waters draining temperate peatlands. Together with peat age-depth data from across the peatland landscape, the DO14C ages identify where in the peat profile carbon loss is occurring. Source depths were compared with modeled water table data indicating that in the catchment where gully erosion alone dominated, mean water table was a key control on depth of DOC production. In the system exhibiting both gully erosion and surface erosion, DOC ages were younger than expected from the age of surficial peats and measured water tables. This may indicate either that the old organic matter exposed at the surface by erosion is less labile or that there are modifications of hydrological flow pathways. Our data indicate that eroded peatlands are losing carbon from depth, and that erosion form may be a control on carbon loss. Our approach uses point measurements of DO14C to indicate DOC source depths and has the potential to act as an indicator of peatland function in degraded and restored systems. Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 127 7 American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2169-8953 2169-8961 13 7 2022 2022-07-13 10.1029/2021jg006344 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government. Grant Number: SP1205; Natural Environment Research Council. Grant Number: NRCF010001,1657.1012 2022-08-24T13:43:07.2282831 2022-08-08T09:22:50.0747840 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Martin G. Evans 1 Danielle M. Alderson 0000-0001-8072-9923 2 Chris D. Evans 3 Andrew Stimson 0000-0002-1104-5269 4 Timothy E. H. Allott 5 Claire Goulsbra 6 Fred Worrall 0000-0002-4139-1330 7 Tia Crouch 8 Jon Walker 0000-0003-2571-2429 9 Mark H. Garnett 10 James Rowson 11 60773__25010__956041ca76bf4f9480a9b33c5cd4e705.pdf 60773_VoR.pdf 2022-08-24T13:41:11.9550249 Output 3035817 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
spellingShingle Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
Jon Walker
title_short Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
title_full Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
title_fullStr Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
title_full_unstemmed Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
title_sort Carbon Loss Pathways in Degraded Peatlands: New Insights From Radiocarbon Measurements of Peatland Waters
author_id_str_mv 61fc747225701b42066a81bef1f6c4dd
author_id_fullname_str_mv 61fc747225701b42066a81bef1f6c4dd_***_Jon Walker
author Jon Walker
author2 Martin G. Evans
Danielle M. Alderson
Chris D. Evans
Andrew Stimson
Timothy E. H. Allott
Claire Goulsbra
Fred Worrall
Tia Crouch
Jon Walker
Mark H. Garnett
James Rowson
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
container_volume 127
container_issue 7
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2169-8953
2169-8961
doi_str_mv 10.1029/2021jg006344
publisher American Geophysical Union (AGU)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
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description Peatland carbon stores are under widespread anthropogenic pressure, resulting in degradation and carbon loss. This paper presents DO14C (Dissolved Organic Carbon) dates from waters draining two eroded blanket peatland catchments in the UK. Both catchments are characterized by severe gully erosion but one additionally has extensive surface erosion on unvegetated surfaces. DO14C values ranged from 104.3 to 88.6 percent modern (present to 976 Before Present). The oldest DOC dates came from the catchment characterized by both gully and surface erosion and are among the oldest reported from waters draining temperate peatlands. Together with peat age-depth data from across the peatland landscape, the DO14C ages identify where in the peat profile carbon loss is occurring. Source depths were compared with modeled water table data indicating that in the catchment where gully erosion alone dominated, mean water table was a key control on depth of DOC production. In the system exhibiting both gully erosion and surface erosion, DOC ages were younger than expected from the age of surficial peats and measured water tables. This may indicate either that the old organic matter exposed at the surface by erosion is less labile or that there are modifications of hydrological flow pathways. Our data indicate that eroded peatlands are losing carbon from depth, and that erosion form may be a control on carbon loss. Our approach uses point measurements of DO14C to indicate DOC source depths and has the potential to act as an indicator of peatland function in degraded and restored systems.
published_date 2022-07-13T04:19:10Z
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