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Lead Leaching of Perovskite Solar Cells in Aqueous Environments: A Quantitative Investigation
,
Meng Li,
Bo Hou ,
Fei Wang,
Zhe Li
Solar RRL, Volume: 6, Issue: 9, Start page: 2200332
Swansea University Author:
Trystan Watson
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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/solr.202200332
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a highly promising next-generation photovoltaic (PV) technology that combines high device performance with ease of processing and low cost. However, the potential leaching of lead is recognized as a major environmental concern for their large...
| Published in: | Solar RRL |
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| ISSN: | 2367-198X 2367-198X |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60328 |
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| Abstract: |
Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a highly promising next-generation photovoltaic (PV) technology that combines high device performance with ease of processing and low cost. However, the potential leaching of lead is recognized as a major environmental concern for their large-scale commercialization, especially for application areas with significant overlap with human life. Herein, a quantitative kinetic analysis of the Pb leaching behavior of five types of benchmark PSCs, namely, MAPbI3, FA0.95MA0.05Pb(I0.95Br0.05)3, Cs0.05(FA0.85MA0.15)0.95Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3, CsPbI3, and CsPbI2Br, under laboratory rainfall conditions is reported. Strikingly, over 60% of the Pb contained in the unencapsulated perovskite devices is leached within the first 120 s under rainfall exposure, suggesting that very rapid leaching of Pb can occur when indoor and outdoor PV devices are subject to physical damage or failed encapsulation. The initial Pb leaching rate is found to be strongly dependent on the types of PSCs, pointing to a potential route toward Pb leaching reduction through further optimization of their materials design. The findings offer kinetic insights into the Pb leaching behavior of PSCs upon aqueous exposure, highlighting the urgency to develop robust mitigation methods to avoid a potentially catastrophic impact on the environment for their large-scale deployment. |
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| Item Description: |
Data Availability Statement:The data that support thefindings of this study are available from thecorresponding author upon reasonable request. |
| Keywords: |
indoor photovoltaics; kinetic studies; lead leaching; perovskite solar cells; quantum dots |
| College: |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
| Funders: |
National Natural Science Foundation of China. Grant Numbers: 22106021, 61704027; Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province. Grant Number: 2021A1515012372; Research Fund of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology. Grant Number: 2020B1212030010; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Grant Number: EP/V039717/1; Royal Society of Chemistry. Grant Number: E21-9668828170 |
| Issue: |
9 |
| Start Page: |
2200332 |