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COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 20...

Joe Hollinghurst, Robyn Hollinghurst, Laura North, Amy Mizen Orcid Logo, Ashley Akbari Orcid Logo, Sara Long, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo, Rich Fry Orcid Logo

Age and Ageing, Volume: 51, Issue: 5

Swansea University Authors: Joe Hollinghurst, Laura North, Amy Mizen Orcid Logo, Ashley Akbari Orcid Logo, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo, Rich Fry Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1093/ageing/afac084

Abstract

BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccinations have been prioritised for high risk individuals.AimDetermine individual-level risk factors for care home residents testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.Study designLongitudinal observational cohort study using individual-level linked data from the Secure Anonymised Informa...

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Published in: Age and Ageing
ISSN: 0002-0729 1468-2834
Published: Oxford University Press (OUP) 2022
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Our dataset consisted of 2,613,341 individual-level daily observations within 697 care homes.MethodsWe estimated odds ratios (ORs [95% confidence interval]) using multilevel logistic regression models. Our outcome of interest was a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. We included time-dependent covariates for the estimated community positive test rate of COVID-19, hospital inpatient status, vaccination status and frailty. Additional covariates were included for age, sex and specialist care home services.ResultsThe multivariable regression model indicated an increase in age (OR 1.01 [1.00,1.01] per year), community positive test rate (OR 1.13 [1.12,1.13] per percent increase), hospital inpatients (OR 7.40 [6.54,8.36]), and residents in care homes with non-specialist dementia care (OR 1.42 [1.01,1.99]) had an increased odds of a positive test. 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spelling 2023-01-19T09:40:49.9754427 v2 59978 2022-05-08 COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021 d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0 Joe Hollinghurst Joe Hollinghurst true false a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9 Laura North Laura North true false 9e9db8229784e27fcd79a14ee097e10b 0000-0001-7516-6767 Amy Mizen Amy Mizen true false aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52 0000-0003-0814-0801 Ashley Akbari Ashley Akbari true false 83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6 0000-0001-5225-000X Ronan Lyons Ronan Lyons true false d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0 0000-0002-7968-6679 Rich Fry Rich Fry true false 2022-05-08 FGMHL BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccinations have been prioritised for high risk individuals.AimDetermine individual-level risk factors for care home residents testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.Study designLongitudinal observational cohort study using individual-level linked data from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank.SettingFourteen thousand seven hundred and eighty-six older care home residents (aged 65+) living in Wales between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021. Our dataset consisted of 2,613,341 individual-level daily observations within 697 care homes.MethodsWe estimated odds ratios (ORs [95% confidence interval]) using multilevel logistic regression models. Our outcome of interest was a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. We included time-dependent covariates for the estimated community positive test rate of COVID-19, hospital inpatient status, vaccination status and frailty. Additional covariates were included for age, sex and specialist care home services.ResultsThe multivariable regression model indicated an increase in age (OR 1.01 [1.00,1.01] per year), community positive test rate (OR 1.13 [1.12,1.13] per percent increase), hospital inpatients (OR 7.40 [6.54,8.36]), and residents in care homes with non-specialist dementia care (OR 1.42 [1.01,1.99]) had an increased odds of a positive test. Having a positive test prior to the observation period (OR 0.58 [0.49,0.68]) and either one or two doses of a vaccine (0.21 [0.17,0.25] and 0.05 [0.02,0.09], respectively) were associated with a decreased odds.ConclusionsCare providers need to remain vigilant despite the vaccination rollout, and extra precautions should be taken when caring for the most vulnerable. Minimising potential COVID-19 infection for care home residents when admitted to hospital should be prioritised. Journal Article Age and Ageing 51 5 Oxford University Press (OUP) 0002-0729 1468-2834 COVID-19, care homes, vaccination, PCR tests, hospital infection, older people 3 5 2022 2022-05-03 10.1093/ageing/afac084 COLLEGE NANME Medicine, Health and Life Science - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGMHL Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom, BHF_/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom, MR/V028367/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom. 2023-01-19T09:40:49.9754427 2022-05-08T14:26:29.0647003 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Joe Hollinghurst 1 Robyn Hollinghurst 2 Laura North 3 Amy Mizen 0000-0001-7516-6767 4 Ashley Akbari 0000-0003-0814-0801 5 Sara Long 6 Ronan Lyons 0000-0001-5225-000X 7 Rich Fry 0000-0002-7968-6679 8 59978__24178__82ef78cbfb80401aa97f670919443a41.pdf 59978.pdf 2022-05-25T13:42:06.6704503 Output 738858 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2022. This is an Open Access ar ticle distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
spellingShingle COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
Joe Hollinghurst
Laura North
Amy Mizen
Ashley Akbari
Ronan Lyons
Rich Fry
title_short COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
title_full COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
title_fullStr COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
title_sort COVID-19 risk factors amongst 14,786 care home residents: an observational longitudinal analysis including daily community positive test rates of COVID-19, hospital stays and vaccination status in Wales (UK) between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021
author_id_str_mv d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0
a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9
9e9db8229784e27fcd79a14ee097e10b
aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52
83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6
d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0
author_id_fullname_str_mv d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0_***_Joe Hollinghurst
a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9_***_Laura North
9e9db8229784e27fcd79a14ee097e10b_***_Amy Mizen
aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52_***_Ashley Akbari
83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6_***_Ronan Lyons
d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0_***_Rich Fry
author Joe Hollinghurst
Laura North
Amy Mizen
Ashley Akbari
Ronan Lyons
Rich Fry
author2 Joe Hollinghurst
Robyn Hollinghurst
Laura North
Amy Mizen
Ashley Akbari
Sara Long
Ronan Lyons
Rich Fry
format Journal article
container_title Age and Ageing
container_volume 51
container_issue 5
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0002-0729
1468-2834
doi_str_mv 10.1093/ageing/afac084
publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccinations have been prioritised for high risk individuals.AimDetermine individual-level risk factors for care home residents testing positive for SARS-CoV-2.Study designLongitudinal observational cohort study using individual-level linked data from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank.SettingFourteen thousand seven hundred and eighty-six older care home residents (aged 65+) living in Wales between 1 September 2020 and 1 May 2021. Our dataset consisted of 2,613,341 individual-level daily observations within 697 care homes.MethodsWe estimated odds ratios (ORs [95% confidence interval]) using multilevel logistic regression models. Our outcome of interest was a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. We included time-dependent covariates for the estimated community positive test rate of COVID-19, hospital inpatient status, vaccination status and frailty. Additional covariates were included for age, sex and specialist care home services.ResultsThe multivariable regression model indicated an increase in age (OR 1.01 [1.00,1.01] per year), community positive test rate (OR 1.13 [1.12,1.13] per percent increase), hospital inpatients (OR 7.40 [6.54,8.36]), and residents in care homes with non-specialist dementia care (OR 1.42 [1.01,1.99]) had an increased odds of a positive test. Having a positive test prior to the observation period (OR 0.58 [0.49,0.68]) and either one or two doses of a vaccine (0.21 [0.17,0.25] and 0.05 [0.02,0.09], respectively) were associated with a decreased odds.ConclusionsCare providers need to remain vigilant despite the vaccination rollout, and extra precautions should be taken when caring for the most vulnerable. Minimising potential COVID-19 infection for care home residents when admitted to hospital should be prioritised.
published_date 2022-05-03T04:17:41Z
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