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COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales

Stuart Bedston, Ashley Akbari Orcid Logo, Christopher I. Jarvis, Emily Lowthian, Fatemeh Torabi Orcid Logo, Laura North, Jane Lyons, Malorie Perry Orcid Logo, Lucy Griffiths Orcid Logo, Rhiannon Owen Orcid Logo, Jillian Beggs, Antony Chuter Orcid Logo, Declan T. Bradley, Simon de Lusignan, Rich Fry Orcid Logo, F.D. Richard Hobbs, Joe Hollinghurst, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Siobhán Murphy Orcid Logo, Dermot O'Reily Orcid Logo, Chris Robertson, Ting Shi Orcid Logo, Ruby S.M. Tsang, Aziz Sheikh, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo

Vaccine, Volume: 40, Issue: 8, Pages: 1180 - 1189

Swansea University Authors: Stuart Bedston, Ashley Akbari Orcid Logo, Emily Lowthian, Fatemeh Torabi Orcid Logo, Laura North, Jane Lyons, Lucy Griffiths Orcid Logo, Rhiannon Owen Orcid Logo, Rich Fry Orcid Logo, Joe Hollinghurst, Ronan Lyons Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.061

Abstract

BackgroundWhile population estimates suggest high vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection, the protection for health care workers, who are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, is less understood.MethodsWe conducted a national cohort study of health care workers in Wales (UK) from 7 Dece...

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Published in: Vaccine
ISSN: 0264-410X
Published: Elsevier BV 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59218
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We examined uptake of any COVID-19 vaccine, and the effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) against polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used linked and routinely collected national-scale data within the SAIL Databank. Data were available on 82,959 health care workers in Wales, with exposure extending to 26 weeks after second doses.ResultsOverall vaccine uptake was high (90%), with most health care workers receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine (79%). Vaccine uptake differed by age, staff role, socioeconomic status; those aged 50&#x2013;59 and 60+ years old were 1.6 times more likely to get vaccinated than those aged 16&#x2013;29. Medical and dental staff, and Allied Health Practitioners were 1.5 and 1.1 times more likely to get vaccinated, compared to nursing and midwifery staff. The effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine was found to be strong and consistent across the characteristics considered; 52% three to six weeks after first dose, 86% from two weeks after second dose, though this declined to 53% from 22 weeks after the second dose.ConclusionsWith some variation in rate of uptake, those who were vaccinated had a reduced risk of PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to those unvaccinated. Second dose has provided stronger protection for longer than first dose but our study is consistent with waning from seven weeks onwards.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Vaccine</journal><volume>40</volume><journalNumber>8</journalNumber><paginationStart>1180</paginationStart><paginationEnd>1189</paginationEnd><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0264-410X</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>COVID-19; Health care workers; Vaccines; Pandemic</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>2</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-02-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.061</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Health Data Science</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>HDAT</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>External research funder(s) paid the OA fee (includes OA grants disbursed by the Library)</apcterm><funders>WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom, MR/V028367/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom, BHF_/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2022-08-15T17:18:02.1090573</lastEdited><Created>2022-01-19T20:27:37.1231325</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Medicine</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Stuart</firstname><surname>Bedston</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Ashley</firstname><surname>Akbari</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0814-0801</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Christopher I.</firstname><surname>Jarvis</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Emily</firstname><surname>Lowthian</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Fatemeh</firstname><surname>Torabi</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5853-4625</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Laura</firstname><surname>North</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Jane</firstname><surname>Lyons</surname><orcid/><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Malorie</firstname><surname>Perry</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1397-5934</orcid><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Lucy</firstname><surname>Griffiths</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9230-624X</orcid><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Rhiannon</firstname><surname>Owen</surname><orcid>0000-0001-5977-376X</orcid><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Jillian</firstname><surname>Beggs</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Antony</firstname><surname>Chuter</surname><orcid>0000-0002-0646-5939</orcid><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Declan T.</firstname><surname>Bradley</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Simon de</firstname><surname>Lusignan</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Rich</firstname><surname>Fry</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7968-6679</orcid><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>F.D. Richard</firstname><surname>Hobbs</surname><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>Joe</firstname><surname>Hollinghurst</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Srinivasa Vittal</firstname><surname>Katikireddi</surname><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>Siobh&#xE1;n</firstname><surname>Murphy</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9765-3873</orcid><order>19</order></author><author><firstname>Dermot</firstname><surname>O'Reily</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9181-0652</orcid><order>20</order></author><author><firstname>Chris</firstname><surname>Robertson</surname><order>21</order></author><author><firstname>Ting</firstname><surname>Shi</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4101-4535</orcid><order>22</order></author><author><firstname>Ruby S.M.</firstname><surname>Tsang</surname><order>23</order></author><author><firstname>Aziz</firstname><surname>Sheikh</surname><order>24</order></author><author><firstname>Ronan</firstname><surname>Lyons</surname><orcid>0000-0001-5225-000X</orcid><order>25</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>59218__22621__18179d2f12264e8c978c44c276df7a47.pdf</filename><originalFilename>59218.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-03-17T09:41:49.3897327</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1202551</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9;2022 The Authors. 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spelling 2022-08-15T17:18:02.1090573 v2 59218 2022-01-19 COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales c79d07eaba5c9515c0df82b372b76a41 Stuart Bedston Stuart Bedston true false aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52 0000-0003-0814-0801 Ashley Akbari Ashley Akbari true false db5bc529b8a9dfca2b4a268d14e03479 Emily Lowthian Emily Lowthian true false f569591e1bfb0e405b8091f99fec45d3 0000-0002-5853-4625 Fatemeh Torabi Fatemeh Torabi true false a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9 Laura North Laura North true false 1b74fa5125a88451c52c45bcf20e0b47 Jane Lyons Jane Lyons true false e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93 0000-0001-9230-624X Lucy Griffiths Lucy Griffiths true false 0d30aa00eef6528f763a1e1589f703ec 0000-0001-5977-376X Rhiannon Owen Rhiannon Owen true false d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0 0000-0002-7968-6679 Rich Fry Rich Fry true false d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0 Joe Hollinghurst Joe Hollinghurst true false 83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6 0000-0001-5225-000X Ronan Lyons Ronan Lyons true false 2022-01-19 HDAT BackgroundWhile population estimates suggest high vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection, the protection for health care workers, who are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, is less understood.MethodsWe conducted a national cohort study of health care workers in Wales (UK) from 7 December 2020 to 30 September 2021. We examined uptake of any COVID-19 vaccine, and the effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) against polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used linked and routinely collected national-scale data within the SAIL Databank. Data were available on 82,959 health care workers in Wales, with exposure extending to 26 weeks after second doses.ResultsOverall vaccine uptake was high (90%), with most health care workers receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine (79%). Vaccine uptake differed by age, staff role, socioeconomic status; those aged 50–59 and 60+ years old were 1.6 times more likely to get vaccinated than those aged 16–29. Medical and dental staff, and Allied Health Practitioners were 1.5 and 1.1 times more likely to get vaccinated, compared to nursing and midwifery staff. The effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine was found to be strong and consistent across the characteristics considered; 52% three to six weeks after first dose, 86% from two weeks after second dose, though this declined to 53% from 22 weeks after the second dose.ConclusionsWith some variation in rate of uptake, those who were vaccinated had a reduced risk of PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to those unvaccinated. Second dose has provided stronger protection for longer than first dose but our study is consistent with waning from seven weeks onwards. Journal Article Vaccine 40 8 1180 1189 Elsevier BV 0264-410X COVID-19; Health care workers; Vaccines; Pandemic 1 2 2022 2022-02-01 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.061 COLLEGE NANME Health Data Science COLLEGE CODE HDAT Swansea University External research funder(s) paid the OA fee (includes OA grants disbursed by the Library) WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom, MR/V028367/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom, BHF_/British Heart Foundation/United Kingdom. 2022-08-15T17:18:02.1090573 2022-01-19T20:27:37.1231325 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Stuart Bedston 1 Ashley Akbari 0000-0003-0814-0801 2 Christopher I. Jarvis 3 Emily Lowthian 4 Fatemeh Torabi 0000-0002-5853-4625 5 Laura North 6 Jane Lyons 7 Malorie Perry 0000-0003-1397-5934 8 Lucy Griffiths 0000-0001-9230-624X 9 Rhiannon Owen 0000-0001-5977-376X 10 Jillian Beggs 11 Antony Chuter 0000-0002-0646-5939 12 Declan T. Bradley 13 Simon de Lusignan 14 Rich Fry 0000-0002-7968-6679 15 F.D. Richard Hobbs 16 Joe Hollinghurst 17 Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi 18 Siobhán Murphy 0000-0001-9765-3873 19 Dermot O'Reily 0000-0002-9181-0652 20 Chris Robertson 21 Ting Shi 0000-0002-4101-4535 22 Ruby S.M. Tsang 23 Aziz Sheikh 24 Ronan Lyons 0000-0001-5225-000X 25 59218__22621__18179d2f12264e8c978c44c276df7a47.pdf 59218.pdf 2022-03-17T09:41:49.3897327 Output 1202551 application/pdf Version of Record true ©2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
spellingShingle COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
Stuart Bedston
Ashley Akbari
Emily Lowthian
Fatemeh Torabi
Laura North
Jane Lyons
Lucy Griffiths
Rhiannon Owen
Rich Fry
Joe Hollinghurst
Ronan Lyons
title_short COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
title_full COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
title_fullStr COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
title_sort COVID-19 vaccine uptake, effectiveness, and waning in 82,959 health care workers: A national prospective cohort study in Wales
author_id_str_mv c79d07eaba5c9515c0df82b372b76a41
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f569591e1bfb0e405b8091f99fec45d3
a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9
1b74fa5125a88451c52c45bcf20e0b47
e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93
0d30aa00eef6528f763a1e1589f703ec
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author_id_fullname_str_mv c79d07eaba5c9515c0df82b372b76a41_***_Stuart Bedston
aa1b025ec0243f708bb5eb0a93d6fb52_***_Ashley Akbari
db5bc529b8a9dfca2b4a268d14e03479_***_Emily Lowthian
f569591e1bfb0e405b8091f99fec45d3_***_Fatemeh Torabi
a255822cf77a0184cb6922e9fbea39e9_***_Laura North
1b74fa5125a88451c52c45bcf20e0b47_***_Jane Lyons
e35ea6ea4b429e812ef204b048131d93_***_Lucy Griffiths
0d30aa00eef6528f763a1e1589f703ec_***_Rhiannon Owen
d499b898d447b62c81b2c122598870e0_***_Rich Fry
d7c51b69270b644a11b904629fe56ab0_***_Joe Hollinghurst
83efcf2a9dfcf8b55586999d3d152ac6_***_Ronan Lyons
author Stuart Bedston
Ashley Akbari
Emily Lowthian
Fatemeh Torabi
Laura North
Jane Lyons
Lucy Griffiths
Rhiannon Owen
Rich Fry
Joe Hollinghurst
Ronan Lyons
author2 Stuart Bedston
Ashley Akbari
Christopher I. Jarvis
Emily Lowthian
Fatemeh Torabi
Laura North
Jane Lyons
Malorie Perry
Lucy Griffiths
Rhiannon Owen
Jillian Beggs
Antony Chuter
Declan T. Bradley
Simon de Lusignan
Rich Fry
F.D. Richard Hobbs
Joe Hollinghurst
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
Siobhán Murphy
Dermot O'Reily
Chris Robertson
Ting Shi
Ruby S.M. Tsang
Aziz Sheikh
Ronan Lyons
format Journal article
container_title Vaccine
container_volume 40
container_issue 8
container_start_page 1180
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0264-410X
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.061
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description BackgroundWhile population estimates suggest high vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection, the protection for health care workers, who are at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure, is less understood.MethodsWe conducted a national cohort study of health care workers in Wales (UK) from 7 December 2020 to 30 September 2021. We examined uptake of any COVID-19 vaccine, and the effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) against polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used linked and routinely collected national-scale data within the SAIL Databank. Data were available on 82,959 health care workers in Wales, with exposure extending to 26 weeks after second doses.ResultsOverall vaccine uptake was high (90%), with most health care workers receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine (79%). Vaccine uptake differed by age, staff role, socioeconomic status; those aged 50–59 and 60+ years old were 1.6 times more likely to get vaccinated than those aged 16–29. Medical and dental staff, and Allied Health Practitioners were 1.5 and 1.1 times more likely to get vaccinated, compared to nursing and midwifery staff. The effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine was found to be strong and consistent across the characteristics considered; 52% three to six weeks after first dose, 86% from two weeks after second dose, though this declined to 53% from 22 weeks after the second dose.ConclusionsWith some variation in rate of uptake, those who were vaccinated had a reduced risk of PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, compared to those unvaccinated. Second dose has provided stronger protection for longer than first dose but our study is consistent with waning from seven weeks onwards.
published_date 2022-02-01T04:16:21Z
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