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The Millennium Eruption of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is VEI 6, not 7

Qingyuan Yang, Susanna F. Jenkins, Geoffrey A. Lerner, Weiran Li, Takehiko Suzuki, Danielle McLean, A. N. Derkachev, I. V. Utkin, Haiquan Wei, Jiandong Xu, Bo Pan

Bulletin of Volcanology, Volume: 83, Issue: 11, Start page: 74

Swansea University Author: Danielle McLean

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s00445-021-01487-8

Abstract

The Millennium Eruption (AD 946–947) of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is one of the largest known eruptions in recorded history. With the help of previously published isopachs and distal ash thicknesses, we re-calculate the bulk volume of its distal eruptive product, the B-Tm ash, as 27–62 km3 and th...

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Published in: Bulletin of Volcanology
ISSN: 0258-8900 1432-0819
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2021
Online Access: Check full text

URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58671
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Abstract: The Millennium Eruption (AD 946–947) of Changbaishan Tianchi Volcano is one of the largest known eruptions in recorded history. With the help of previously published isopachs and distal ash thicknesses, we re-calculate the bulk volume of its distal eruptive product, the B-Tm ash, as 27–62 km3 and the total eruption volume as 40–98 km3. The updated volume estimates are around half of those estimated by previous studies of this seminal eruption. Our work shows that the Millennium Eruption is a VEI-6 eruption, rather than VEI-7 as previously envisaged, and its magnitude is also lower than previously thought. This has implications for regional frequency-magnitude relationships and may also partially explain the limited regional, rather than global, climatic effects of the Millennium Eruption.
Keywords: Millennium eruption; Changbaishan tianchi volcano; Isopachs; B-Tm ash; Tephra volume; VEI
College: Faculty of Science and Engineering
Funders: National Research Foundation Singapore and the Singapore Ministry of Education under the Research Centres of Excellence initiative (Project Number: NRF2018NRF-NSFC003ES-010); AXA Joint Research Initiative under the project “Volcanic Risk Assessment in Asia”; National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41861144025);
Issue: 11
Start Page: 74

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