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Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK

Benneth O. I. Esiana, Christopher Coates, W. Paul Adderley, Anne E. Berns, Roland Bol

PLOS ONE, Volume: 16, Issue: 10, Start page: e0259205

Swansea University Author: Christopher Coates

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DOI (Published version): 10.1371/journal.pone.0259205

Abstract

Phenolic compounds are chemical precursor building blocks of soil organic matter. Their occurrence can be inhibitory to certain enzymes present in soil, thereby influencing the rate of decomposition of soil organic matter. Microbe-derived phenoloxidases (laccases) are extracellular enzymes capable o...

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Published in: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58509
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spelling 2021-11-23T10:59:09.8709795 v2 58509 2021-10-28 Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK af160934b75bea5b8ba83d68b3d1a003 Christopher Coates Christopher Coates true false 2021-10-28 Phenolic compounds are chemical precursor building blocks of soil organic matter. Their occurrence can be inhibitory to certain enzymes present in soil, thereby influencing the rate of decomposition of soil organic matter. Microbe-derived phenoloxidases (laccases) are extracellular enzymes capable of degrading recalcitrant polyphenolic compounds. In this study, our aim was to investigate the relationships between phenoloxidase enzyme activity, organic carbon content and microbial abundance in the context of long-term anthropogenically amended soils. To achieve this, we used a series of complementary biochemical analytical methods including gas chromatography, enzyme assays and solid-state Carbon-13 Cross Polarisation Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C CPMAS NMR). Using several anthrosols found in St Andrews (Scotland, UK) that had been subjected to intense anthropogenic modification since the medieval period (11th century AD) to present-day, we were able to scope the impact of past waste disposal on soils. The long-term anthropogenic impact led to organic matter-rich soils. Overall, phenoloxidase activity increased by up to 2-fold with soil depth (up to 100 cm) and was inversely correlated with microbial biomass. Solid-state 13C NMR characterisation of carbon species revealed that the observed decline in soil organic matter with depth corresponded to decreases in the labile organic carbon fractions as evidenced by changes in the O/N-alkyl C region of the spectra. The increase in phenoloxidase activity with depth would appear to be a compensatory mechanism for the reduced quantities of organic carbon and lower overall nutrient environment in subsoils. By enzymatically targeting phenolic compounds, microbes can better utilise recalcitrant carbon when other labile soil carbon sources become limited, thereby maintaining metabolic processes. Journal Article PLOS ONE 16 10 e0259205 Public Library of Science (PLoS) 1932-6203 27 10 2021 2021-10-27 10.1371/journal.pone.0259205 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) 2021-11-23T10:59:09.8709795 2021-10-28T16:48:14.1235680 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Benneth O. I. Esiana 1 Christopher Coates 2 W. Paul Adderley 3 Anne E. Berns 4 Roland Bol 5 58509__21359__3346ab93f6994bf39652831ee62c25b1.pdf 46_Esiana et al_PLOS ONE.pdf 2021-10-28T16:51:07.0820493 Output 2059096 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 Esiana et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
spellingShingle Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
Christopher Coates
title_short Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
title_full Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
title_fullStr Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
title_full_unstemmed Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
title_sort Phenoloxidase activity and organic carbon dynamics in historic Anthrosols in Scotland, UK
author_id_str_mv af160934b75bea5b8ba83d68b3d1a003
author_id_fullname_str_mv af160934b75bea5b8ba83d68b3d1a003_***_Christopher Coates
author Christopher Coates
author2 Benneth O. I. Esiana
Christopher Coates
W. Paul Adderley
Anne E. Berns
Roland Bol
format Journal article
container_title PLOS ONE
container_volume 16
container_issue 10
container_start_page e0259205
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 1932-6203
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0259205
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Phenolic compounds are chemical precursor building blocks of soil organic matter. Their occurrence can be inhibitory to certain enzymes present in soil, thereby influencing the rate of decomposition of soil organic matter. Microbe-derived phenoloxidases (laccases) are extracellular enzymes capable of degrading recalcitrant polyphenolic compounds. In this study, our aim was to investigate the relationships between phenoloxidase enzyme activity, organic carbon content and microbial abundance in the context of long-term anthropogenically amended soils. To achieve this, we used a series of complementary biochemical analytical methods including gas chromatography, enzyme assays and solid-state Carbon-13 Cross Polarisation Magic-Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C CPMAS NMR). Using several anthrosols found in St Andrews (Scotland, UK) that had been subjected to intense anthropogenic modification since the medieval period (11th century AD) to present-day, we were able to scope the impact of past waste disposal on soils. The long-term anthropogenic impact led to organic matter-rich soils. Overall, phenoloxidase activity increased by up to 2-fold with soil depth (up to 100 cm) and was inversely correlated with microbial biomass. Solid-state 13C NMR characterisation of carbon species revealed that the observed decline in soil organic matter with depth corresponded to decreases in the labile organic carbon fractions as evidenced by changes in the O/N-alkyl C region of the spectra. The increase in phenoloxidase activity with depth would appear to be a compensatory mechanism for the reduced quantities of organic carbon and lower overall nutrient environment in subsoils. By enzymatically targeting phenolic compounds, microbes can better utilise recalcitrant carbon when other labile soil carbon sources become limited, thereby maintaining metabolic processes.
published_date 2021-10-27T04:15:05Z
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