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Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming

Debo Qi, Chengchun Zhang, Jingwei He, Yongli Yue, Jing Wang, Dunhui Xiao Orcid Logo

Scientific Reports, Volume: 11, Issue: 1

Swansea University Author: Dunhui Xiao Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1038/s41598-021-96158-1

Abstract

The fast swimming speed, flexible cornering, and high propulsion efficiency of diving beetles are primarily achieved by their two powerful hind legs. Unlike other aquatic organisms, such as turtle, jellyfish, fish and frog et al., the diving beetle could complete retreating motion without turning ar...

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Published in: Scientific Reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57944
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However, most bionic vehicles have not contained these advantages, the study about this propulsion method is useful for the design of bionic robots. In this paper, the swimming videos of the diving beetle, including forwarding, turning and retreating, were captured by two synchronized high-speed cameras, and were analyzed via SIMI Motion. The analysis results revealed that the swimming speed initially increased quickly to a maximum at 60% of the power stroke, and then decreased. During the power stroke, the diving beetle stretched its tibias and tarsi, the bristles on both sides of which were shaped like paddles, to maximize the cross-sectional areas against the water to achieve the maximum thrust. During the recovery stroke, the diving beetle rotated its tarsi and folded the bristles to minimize the cross-sectional areas to reduce the drag force. For one turning motion (turn right about 90 degrees), it takes only one motion cycle for the diving beetle to complete it. During the retreating motion, the average acceleration was close to 9.8 m/s2 in the first 25 ms. Finally, based on the diving beetle's hind-leg movement pattern, a kinematic model was constructed, and according to this model and the motion data of the joint angles, the motion trajectories of the hind legs were obtained by using MATLAB. Since the advantages of this propulsion method, it may become a new bionic propulsion method, and the motion data and kinematic model of the hind legs will be helpful in the design of bionic underwater unmanned vehicles.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Scientific Reports</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2045-2322</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>16</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-08-16</publishedDate><doi>10.1038/s41598-021-96158-1</doi><url/><notes>Author Correction: Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97815-1</notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Aerospace Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>AERO</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>National Key Research and Development Program of China; the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province</funders><projectreference>Grant No. 2018YFA0703300; Grant Nos. 51875243, 51575227; Grant No.20180101319JC</projectreference><lastEdited>2021-12-02T11:29:58.9523646</lastEdited><Created>2021-09-17T22:14:31.0249685</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Debo</firstname><surname>Qi</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Chengchun</firstname><surname>Zhang</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Jingwei</firstname><surname>He</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Yongli</firstname><surname>Yue</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Jing</firstname><surname>Wang</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Dunhui</firstname><surname>Xiao</surname><orcid>0000-0003-2461-523X</orcid><order>6</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>57944__20927__5dd7eeef310a4dee953c06db2a46c0ae.pdf</filename><originalFilename>57944.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-09-20T09:26:52.1277302</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>2768075</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9; The Author(s) 2021. 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spelling 2021-12-02T11:29:58.9523646 v2 57944 2021-09-17 Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming 62c69b98cbcdc9142622d4f398fdab97 0000-0003-2461-523X Dunhui Xiao Dunhui Xiao true false 2021-09-17 AERO The fast swimming speed, flexible cornering, and high propulsion efficiency of diving beetles are primarily achieved by their two powerful hind legs. Unlike other aquatic organisms, such as turtle, jellyfish, fish and frog et al., the diving beetle could complete retreating motion without turning around, and the turning radius is small for this kind of propulsion mode. However, most bionic vehicles have not contained these advantages, the study about this propulsion method is useful for the design of bionic robots. In this paper, the swimming videos of the diving beetle, including forwarding, turning and retreating, were captured by two synchronized high-speed cameras, and were analyzed via SIMI Motion. The analysis results revealed that the swimming speed initially increased quickly to a maximum at 60% of the power stroke, and then decreased. During the power stroke, the diving beetle stretched its tibias and tarsi, the bristles on both sides of which were shaped like paddles, to maximize the cross-sectional areas against the water to achieve the maximum thrust. During the recovery stroke, the diving beetle rotated its tarsi and folded the bristles to minimize the cross-sectional areas to reduce the drag force. For one turning motion (turn right about 90 degrees), it takes only one motion cycle for the diving beetle to complete it. During the retreating motion, the average acceleration was close to 9.8 m/s2 in the first 25 ms. Finally, based on the diving beetle's hind-leg movement pattern, a kinematic model was constructed, and according to this model and the motion data of the joint angles, the motion trajectories of the hind legs were obtained by using MATLAB. Since the advantages of this propulsion method, it may become a new bionic propulsion method, and the motion data and kinematic model of the hind legs will be helpful in the design of bionic underwater unmanned vehicles. Journal Article Scientific Reports 11 1 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2045-2322 16 8 2021 2021-08-16 10.1038/s41598-021-96158-1 Author Correction: Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97815-1 COLLEGE NANME Aerospace Engineering COLLEGE CODE AERO Swansea University National Key Research and Development Program of China; the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Science and Technology Development Program of Jilin Province Grant No. 2018YFA0703300; Grant Nos. 51875243, 51575227; Grant No.20180101319JC 2021-12-02T11:29:58.9523646 2021-09-17T22:14:31.0249685 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering Debo Qi 1 Chengchun Zhang 2 Jingwei He 3 Yongli Yue 4 Jing Wang 5 Dunhui Xiao 0000-0003-2461-523X 6 57944__20927__5dd7eeef310a4dee953c06db2a46c0ae.pdf 57944.pdf 2021-09-20T09:26:52.1277302 Output 2768075 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2021. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
spellingShingle Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
Dunhui Xiao
title_short Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_full Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_fullStr Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_full_unstemmed Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
title_sort Observation and analysis of diving beetle movements while swimming
author_id_str_mv 62c69b98cbcdc9142622d4f398fdab97
author_id_fullname_str_mv 62c69b98cbcdc9142622d4f398fdab97_***_Dunhui Xiao
author Dunhui Xiao
author2 Debo Qi
Chengchun Zhang
Jingwei He
Yongli Yue
Jing Wang
Dunhui Xiao
format Journal article
container_title Scientific Reports
container_volume 11
container_issue 1
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2045-2322
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-021-96158-1
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The fast swimming speed, flexible cornering, and high propulsion efficiency of diving beetles are primarily achieved by their two powerful hind legs. Unlike other aquatic organisms, such as turtle, jellyfish, fish and frog et al., the diving beetle could complete retreating motion without turning around, and the turning radius is small for this kind of propulsion mode. However, most bionic vehicles have not contained these advantages, the study about this propulsion method is useful for the design of bionic robots. In this paper, the swimming videos of the diving beetle, including forwarding, turning and retreating, were captured by two synchronized high-speed cameras, and were analyzed via SIMI Motion. The analysis results revealed that the swimming speed initially increased quickly to a maximum at 60% of the power stroke, and then decreased. During the power stroke, the diving beetle stretched its tibias and tarsi, the bristles on both sides of which were shaped like paddles, to maximize the cross-sectional areas against the water to achieve the maximum thrust. During the recovery stroke, the diving beetle rotated its tarsi and folded the bristles to minimize the cross-sectional areas to reduce the drag force. For one turning motion (turn right about 90 degrees), it takes only one motion cycle for the diving beetle to complete it. During the retreating motion, the average acceleration was close to 9.8 m/s2 in the first 25 ms. Finally, based on the diving beetle's hind-leg movement pattern, a kinematic model was constructed, and according to this model and the motion data of the joint angles, the motion trajectories of the hind legs were obtained by using MATLAB. Since the advantages of this propulsion method, it may become a new bionic propulsion method, and the motion data and kinematic model of the hind legs will be helpful in the design of bionic underwater unmanned vehicles.
published_date 2021-08-16T04:14:04Z
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score 11.013686

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