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The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids

Ali A. Hajeyah, William Griffiths Orcid Logo, Yuqin Wang Orcid Logo, Andrew J. Finch, Valerie B. O’Donnell

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Volume: 11

Swansea University Authors: William Griffiths Orcid Logo, Yuqin Wang Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3389/fendo.2020.591819

Abstract

Enzymatically oxidized lipids are a specific group of biomolecules that function as keysignaling mediators and hormones, regulating various cellular and physiological processesfrom metabolism and cell death to inflammation and the immune response. They arebroadly categorized as either polyunsaturate...

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Published in: Frontiers in Endocrinology
ISSN: 1664-2392
Published: Frontiers Media SA 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55699
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spelling 2021-08-29T18:55:46.9857963 v2 55699 2020-11-19 The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids 3316b1d1b524be1831790933eed1c26e 0000-0002-4129-6616 William Griffiths William Griffiths true false c92729b58622f9fdf6a0e7d8f4ce5081 0000-0002-3063-3066 Yuqin Wang Yuqin Wang true false 2020-11-19 BMS Enzymatically oxidized lipids are a specific group of biomolecules that function as keysignaling mediators and hormones, regulating various cellular and physiological processesfrom metabolism and cell death to inflammation and the immune response. They arebroadly categorized as either polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing (free acidoxygenated PUFA “oxylipins”, endocannabinoids, oxidized phospholipids) or cholesterolderivatives (oxysterols, steroid hormones, and bile acids). Their biosynthesis isaccomplished by families of enzymes that include lipoxygenases (LOX),cyclooxygenases (COX), cytochrome P450s (CYP), and aldo-keto reductases (AKR). Incontrast, non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation andare broadly considered to be harmful. Here, we provide an overview of the biochemistryand enzymology of LOXs, COXs, CYPs, and AKRs in humans. Next, we presentbiosynthetic pathways for oxylipins, oxidized phospholipids, oxysterols, bile acids andsteroid hormones. Last, we address gaps in knowledge and suggest directions forfuture work. Journal Article Frontiers in Endocrinology 11 Frontiers Media SA 1664-2392 biosynthesis of oxidized lipids, lipoxygenase (LOX), cyclooxygenase (COX), cytochrome P450, aldo-ketoreductase (AKR), oxylipins, oxidized phospholipids, sterols and steroid hormones 19 11 2020 2020-11-19 10.3389/fendo.2020.591819 COLLEGE NANME Biomedical Sciences COLLEGE CODE BMS Swansea University BBSRC- BB/L001942/1,Barts Charity MGU0404, BBSRC BB/N015932/1 2021-08-29T18:55:46.9857963 2020-11-19T10:40:16.4544514 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Ali A. Hajeyah 1 William Griffiths 0000-0002-4129-6616 2 Yuqin Wang 0000-0002-3063-3066 3 Andrew J. Finch 4 Valerie B. O’Donnell 5 55699__18696__9186e0672bd144708c4a94b3b7286fdb.pdf fendo-11-591819 (1).pdf 2020-11-19T10:45:12.3673577 Output 3036897 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2020 Hajeyah, Griffiths, Wang, Finch and O’Donnell. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
spellingShingle The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
William Griffiths
Yuqin Wang
title_short The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
title_full The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
title_fullStr The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
title_full_unstemmed The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
title_sort The Biosynthesis of Enzymatically Oxidized Lipids
author_id_str_mv 3316b1d1b524be1831790933eed1c26e
c92729b58622f9fdf6a0e7d8f4ce5081
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3316b1d1b524be1831790933eed1c26e_***_William Griffiths
c92729b58622f9fdf6a0e7d8f4ce5081_***_Yuqin Wang
author William Griffiths
Yuqin Wang
author2 Ali A. Hajeyah
William Griffiths
Yuqin Wang
Andrew J. Finch
Valerie B. O’Donnell
format Journal article
container_title Frontiers in Endocrinology
container_volume 11
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 1664-2392
doi_str_mv 10.3389/fendo.2020.591819
publisher Frontiers Media SA
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Enzymatically oxidized lipids are a specific group of biomolecules that function as keysignaling mediators and hormones, regulating various cellular and physiological processesfrom metabolism and cell death to inflammation and the immune response. They arebroadly categorized as either polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) containing (free acidoxygenated PUFA “oxylipins”, endocannabinoids, oxidized phospholipids) or cholesterolderivatives (oxysterols, steroid hormones, and bile acids). Their biosynthesis isaccomplished by families of enzymes that include lipoxygenases (LOX),cyclooxygenases (COX), cytochrome P450s (CYP), and aldo-keto reductases (AKR). Incontrast, non-enzymatically oxidized lipids are produced by uncontrolled oxidation andare broadly considered to be harmful. Here, we provide an overview of the biochemistryand enzymology of LOXs, COXs, CYPs, and AKRs in humans. Next, we presentbiosynthetic pathways for oxylipins, oxidized phospholipids, oxysterols, bile acids andsteroid hormones. Last, we address gaps in knowledge and suggest directions forfuture work.
published_date 2020-11-19T04:10:07Z
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