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A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics

Chennakesava Kadapa Orcid Logo, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Volume: 372, Start page: 113443

Swansea University Authors: Chennakesava Kadapa Orcid Logo, Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.cma.2020.113443

Abstract

Electro-active polymers (EAPs) are increasingly becoming popular materials for actuators, sensors, and energy harvesters. To simulate the complex behaviour of actuators under coupled loads, particularly in the realm of soft robotics, biomedical engineering and energy harvesting, finite element simul...

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Published in: Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering
ISSN: 0045-7825
Published: Elsevier BV 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa55274
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To simulate the complex behaviour of actuators under coupled loads, particularly in the realm of soft robotics, biomedical engineering and energy harvesting, finite element simulations are proving to be an indispensable tool. In this work, we present a novel finite element framework for the simulation of coupled static and dynamic electromechanical interactions in electro-active polymeric materials. To model the incompressible nature of EAPs, a two-field mixed displacement&#x2013;pressure formulation which, unlike the commonly-used mixed three-field and -bar formulations, is applicable for both nearly and fully incompressible materials, is employed. For the spatial discretisation, innovative quadratic B&#xE9;zier triangular and tetrahedral elements are used. The governing equations for the coupled electromechanical problem are solved using a monolithic scheme; for elastodynamics simulations, a state-of-the-art implicit time integration is adapted. The accuracy and the computational efficiency of the proposed framework are demonstrated by studying several benchmark examples in computational electromechanics which include simulations of a spherical gripper in elastostatics and a dielectric pump in elastodynamics. Such complex simulations clearly depict the advantages of the proposed finite element framework over the Q1/P0 and Q1--bar elements. Furthermore, the superiority of the proposed framework in accurately capturing complex coupled electromechanical interactions in thin electro-active polymeric shells is demonstrated by studying a thin helical actuator under different excitation frequencies and by reproducing buckling instabilities in thin semi-cylindrical and semi-spherical shells. With the ability to simulate various elastostatics and elastodynamics phenomena using a single finite element framework for bulk as well as thin dielectric elastomers while using coarse structured or unstructured meshes that can be readily generated using existing mesh generators, this novel framework offers a robust, accurate, and computationally efficient numerical framework for computational electromechanics.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering</journal><volume>372</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>113443</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0045-7825</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Electro-active polymers, Electromechanics, Smart materials, Incompressibility, Finite element analysis, B&#xE9;zier elements</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>12</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-12-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.cma.2020.113443</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Computer Science</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>SCS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2020-11-04T16:08:42.2516894</lastEdited><Created>2020-09-29T10:52:23.1302230</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Chennakesava</firstname><surname>Kadapa</surname><orcid>0000-0001-6092-9047</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Mokarram</firstname><surname>Hossain</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4616-1104</orcid><order>2</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>55274__18273__d0e75ff2776945e59bac78ff729191b1.pdf</filename><originalFilename>55274.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-09-29T10:54:39.2391041</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>9802372</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2021-09-28T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><documentNotes>&#xA9; 2020. 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spelling 2020-11-04T16:08:42.2516894 v2 55274 2020-09-29 A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics de01927f8c2c4ad9dcc034c327ac8de1 0000-0001-6092-9047 Chennakesava Kadapa Chennakesava Kadapa true false 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd 0000-0002-4616-1104 Mokarram Hossain Mokarram Hossain true false 2020-09-29 SCS Electro-active polymers (EAPs) are increasingly becoming popular materials for actuators, sensors, and energy harvesters. To simulate the complex behaviour of actuators under coupled loads, particularly in the realm of soft robotics, biomedical engineering and energy harvesting, finite element simulations are proving to be an indispensable tool. In this work, we present a novel finite element framework for the simulation of coupled static and dynamic electromechanical interactions in electro-active polymeric materials. To model the incompressible nature of EAPs, a two-field mixed displacement–pressure formulation which, unlike the commonly-used mixed three-field and -bar formulations, is applicable for both nearly and fully incompressible materials, is employed. For the spatial discretisation, innovative quadratic Bézier triangular and tetrahedral elements are used. The governing equations for the coupled electromechanical problem are solved using a monolithic scheme; for elastodynamics simulations, a state-of-the-art implicit time integration is adapted. The accuracy and the computational efficiency of the proposed framework are demonstrated by studying several benchmark examples in computational electromechanics which include simulations of a spherical gripper in elastostatics and a dielectric pump in elastodynamics. Such complex simulations clearly depict the advantages of the proposed finite element framework over the Q1/P0 and Q1--bar elements. Furthermore, the superiority of the proposed framework in accurately capturing complex coupled electromechanical interactions in thin electro-active polymeric shells is demonstrated by studying a thin helical actuator under different excitation frequencies and by reproducing buckling instabilities in thin semi-cylindrical and semi-spherical shells. With the ability to simulate various elastostatics and elastodynamics phenomena using a single finite element framework for bulk as well as thin dielectric elastomers while using coarse structured or unstructured meshes that can be readily generated using existing mesh generators, this novel framework offers a robust, accurate, and computationally efficient numerical framework for computational electromechanics. Journal Article Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 372 113443 Elsevier BV 0045-7825 Electro-active polymers, Electromechanics, Smart materials, Incompressibility, Finite element analysis, Bézier elements 1 12 2020 2020-12-01 10.1016/j.cma.2020.113443 COLLEGE NANME Computer Science COLLEGE CODE SCS Swansea University 2020-11-04T16:08:42.2516894 2020-09-29T10:52:23.1302230 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Chennakesava Kadapa 0000-0001-6092-9047 1 Mokarram Hossain 0000-0002-4616-1104 2 55274__18273__d0e75ff2776945e59bac78ff729191b1.pdf 55274.pdf 2020-09-29T10:54:39.2391041 Output 9802372 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-09-28T00:00:00.0000000 © 2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
spellingShingle A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
Chennakesava Kadapa
Mokarram Hossain
title_short A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
title_full A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
title_fullStr A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
title_full_unstemmed A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
title_sort A robust and computationally efficient finite element framework for coupled electromechanics
author_id_str_mv de01927f8c2c4ad9dcc034c327ac8de1
140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd
author_id_fullname_str_mv de01927f8c2c4ad9dcc034c327ac8de1_***_Chennakesava Kadapa
140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd_***_Mokarram Hossain
author Chennakesava Kadapa
Mokarram Hossain
author2 Chennakesava Kadapa
Mokarram Hossain
format Journal article
container_title Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering
container_volume 372
container_start_page 113443
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 0045-7825
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.cma.2020.113443
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
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description Electro-active polymers (EAPs) are increasingly becoming popular materials for actuators, sensors, and energy harvesters. To simulate the complex behaviour of actuators under coupled loads, particularly in the realm of soft robotics, biomedical engineering and energy harvesting, finite element simulations are proving to be an indispensable tool. In this work, we present a novel finite element framework for the simulation of coupled static and dynamic electromechanical interactions in electro-active polymeric materials. To model the incompressible nature of EAPs, a two-field mixed displacement–pressure formulation which, unlike the commonly-used mixed three-field and -bar formulations, is applicable for both nearly and fully incompressible materials, is employed. For the spatial discretisation, innovative quadratic Bézier triangular and tetrahedral elements are used. The governing equations for the coupled electromechanical problem are solved using a monolithic scheme; for elastodynamics simulations, a state-of-the-art implicit time integration is adapted. The accuracy and the computational efficiency of the proposed framework are demonstrated by studying several benchmark examples in computational electromechanics which include simulations of a spherical gripper in elastostatics and a dielectric pump in elastodynamics. Such complex simulations clearly depict the advantages of the proposed finite element framework over the Q1/P0 and Q1--bar elements. Furthermore, the superiority of the proposed framework in accurately capturing complex coupled electromechanical interactions in thin electro-active polymeric shells is demonstrated by studying a thin helical actuator under different excitation frequencies and by reproducing buckling instabilities in thin semi-cylindrical and semi-spherical shells. With the ability to simulate various elastostatics and elastodynamics phenomena using a single finite element framework for bulk as well as thin dielectric elastomers while using coarse structured or unstructured meshes that can be readily generated using existing mesh generators, this novel framework offers a robust, accurate, and computationally efficient numerical framework for computational electromechanics.
published_date 2020-12-01T04:09:22Z
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