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Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard

Dorothée Vallot, Jan Åström, Thomas Zwinger Orcid Logo, Rickard Pettersson Orcid Logo, Alistair Everett Orcid Logo, Douglas I. Benn, Adrian Luckman Orcid Logo, Ward J. J. van Pelt Orcid Logo, Faezeh Nick, Jack Kohler

The Cryosphere, Volume: 12, Issue: 2, Pages: 609 - 625

Swansea University Author: Adrian Luckman Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.5194/tc-12-609-2018

Abstract

In this paper, we study the effects of basal friction, sub-aqueous undercutting and glacier geometry on the calving process by combining six different models in an offline-coupled workflow: a continuum–mechanical ice flow model (Elmer/Ice), a climatic mass balance model, a simple subglacial hydrolog...

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Published in: The Cryosphere
ISSN: 1994-0424
Published: Copernicus GmbH 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa38834
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We demonstrate the feasibility of reproducing the observed calving retreat at the front of Kronebreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard, during a melt season by using the output from the first five models as input to HiDEM. Basal sliding and glacier motion are addressed using Elmer/Ice, while calving is modelled by HiDEM. A hydrology model calculates subglacial drainage paths and indicates two main outlets with different discharges. Depending on the discharge, the plume model computes frontal melt rates, which are iteratively projected to the actual front of the glacier at subglacial discharge locations. This produces undercutting of different sizes, as melt is concentrated close to the surface for high discharge and is more diffuse for low discharge. By testing different configurations, we show that undercutting plays a key role in glacier retreat and is necessary to reproduce observed retreat in the vicinity of the discharge locations during the melting season. Calving rates are also influenced by basal friction, through its effects on near-terminus strain rates and ice velocity.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>The Cryosphere</journal><volume>12</volume><journalNumber>2</journalNumber><paginationStart>609</paginationStart><paginationEnd>625</paginationEnd><publisher>Copernicus GmbH</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>1994-0424</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>21</publishedDay><publishedMonth>2</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2018</publishedYear><publishedDate>2018-02-21</publishedDate><doi>10.5194/tc-12-609-2018</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Geography</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>SGE</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>We thank CSC&#x2013; IT Center for Science Ltd. for the CPU time provided under Nordforsk NCoE SVALI. Thomas Zwinger wassupported by the Nordic Center of Excellence eSTICC (eScience Tools for Investigating Climate Change in Northern High Latitudes) funded by Nordforsk (grant 57001). 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spelling 2023-03-09T13:42:41.3826710 v2 38834 2018-02-21 Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard 008cb668b2671b653a88677f075799a9 0000-0002-9618-5905 Adrian Luckman Adrian Luckman true false 2018-02-21 SGE In this paper, we study the effects of basal friction, sub-aqueous undercutting and glacier geometry on the calving process by combining six different models in an offline-coupled workflow: a continuum–mechanical ice flow model (Elmer/Ice), a climatic mass balance model, a simple subglacial hydrology model, a plume model, an undercutting model and a discrete particle model to investigate fracture dynamics (Helsinki Discrete Element Model, HiDEM). We demonstrate the feasibility of reproducing the observed calving retreat at the front of Kronebreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard, during a melt season by using the output from the first five models as input to HiDEM. Basal sliding and glacier motion are addressed using Elmer/Ice, while calving is modelled by HiDEM. A hydrology model calculates subglacial drainage paths and indicates two main outlets with different discharges. Depending on the discharge, the plume model computes frontal melt rates, which are iteratively projected to the actual front of the glacier at subglacial discharge locations. This produces undercutting of different sizes, as melt is concentrated close to the surface for high discharge and is more diffuse for low discharge. By testing different configurations, we show that undercutting plays a key role in glacier retreat and is necessary to reproduce observed retreat in the vicinity of the discharge locations during the melting season. Calving rates are also influenced by basal friction, through its effects on near-terminus strain rates and ice velocity. Journal Article The Cryosphere 12 2 609 625 Copernicus GmbH 1994-0424 21 2 2018 2018-02-21 10.5194/tc-12-609-2018 COLLEGE NANME Geography COLLEGE CODE SGE Swansea University We thank CSC– IT Center for Science Ltd. for the CPU time provided under Nordforsk NCoE SVALI. Thomas Zwinger wassupported by the Nordic Center of Excellence eSTICC (eScience Tools for Investigating Climate Change in Northern High Latitudes) funded by Nordforsk (grant 57001). Acquisition of the TerraSAR-X imagery was funded by the ConocoPhillips Northern Area Program, via the CRIOS project (Calving Rates and Impact on Sea Level). 2023-03-09T13:42:41.3826710 2018-02-21T12:55:55.4552419 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Dorothée Vallot 1 Jan Åström 2 Thomas Zwinger 0000-0003-3360-4401 3 Rickard Pettersson 0000-0002-6961-0128 4 Alistair Everett 0000-0002-4045-4491 5 Douglas I. Benn 6 Adrian Luckman 0000-0002-9618-5905 7 Ward J. J. van Pelt 0000-0003-4839-7900 8 Faezeh Nick 9 Jack Kohler 10 0038834-21022018125651.pdf tc-12-609-2018.pdf 2018-02-21T12:56:51.3970000 Output 11836257 application/pdf Version of Record true 2018-02-21T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC-BY). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
spellingShingle Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
Adrian Luckman
title_short Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
title_full Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
title_fullStr Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
title_full_unstemmed Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
title_sort Effects of undercutting and sliding on calving: a global approach applied to Kronebreen, Svalbard
author_id_str_mv 008cb668b2671b653a88677f075799a9
author_id_fullname_str_mv 008cb668b2671b653a88677f075799a9_***_Adrian Luckman
author Adrian Luckman
author2 Dorothée Vallot
Jan Åström
Thomas Zwinger
Rickard Pettersson
Alistair Everett
Douglas I. Benn
Adrian Luckman
Ward J. J. van Pelt
Faezeh Nick
Jack Kohler
format Journal article
container_title The Cryosphere
container_volume 12
container_issue 2
container_start_page 609
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 1994-0424
doi_str_mv 10.5194/tc-12-609-2018
publisher Copernicus GmbH
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description In this paper, we study the effects of basal friction, sub-aqueous undercutting and glacier geometry on the calving process by combining six different models in an offline-coupled workflow: a continuum–mechanical ice flow model (Elmer/Ice), a climatic mass balance model, a simple subglacial hydrology model, a plume model, an undercutting model and a discrete particle model to investigate fracture dynamics (Helsinki Discrete Element Model, HiDEM). We demonstrate the feasibility of reproducing the observed calving retreat at the front of Kronebreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard, during a melt season by using the output from the first five models as input to HiDEM. Basal sliding and glacier motion are addressed using Elmer/Ice, while calving is modelled by HiDEM. A hydrology model calculates subglacial drainage paths and indicates two main outlets with different discharges. Depending on the discharge, the plume model computes frontal melt rates, which are iteratively projected to the actual front of the glacier at subglacial discharge locations. This produces undercutting of different sizes, as melt is concentrated close to the surface for high discharge and is more diffuse for low discharge. By testing different configurations, we show that undercutting plays a key role in glacier retreat and is necessary to reproduce observed retreat in the vicinity of the discharge locations during the melting season. Calving rates are also influenced by basal friction, through its effects on near-terminus strain rates and ice velocity.
published_date 2018-02-21T03:49:14Z
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score 11.037056

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