Journal article 1774 views 371 downloads
Removal of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) from wastewater by liquid–liquid extraction
S. Ben Fredj,
J. Nobbs,
C. Tizaoui,
L. Monser,
Chedly Tizaoui 
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume: 262, Pages: 417 - 426
Swansea University Author:
Chedly Tizaoui
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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.cej.2014.10.007
Abstract
With the recent wide spread concerns of the environmental and public health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), it is becoming important to develop new techniques to remove these substances from wastewater. EDCs find their way to the environment mainly via effluents from WWTPs. They ar...
| Published in: | Chemical Engineering Journal |
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| ISSN: | 1385-8947 |
| Published: |
2015
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| Online Access: |
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20191 |
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| Abstract: |
With the recent wide spread concerns of the environmental and public health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), it is becoming important to develop new techniques to remove these substances from wastewater. EDCs find their way to the environment mainly via effluents from WWTPs. They are often cited as moderately hydrophobic, hence they have tendency to distribute to organic solvents and can then be removed using liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) techniques. However, despite being a mature chemical engineering unit operation, LLE has not been studied for the removal of EDCs in water. This study investigated the removal of three EDCs of concerns including estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) using decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) as an extraction solvent in three water matrix types (Milli-Q, tap water, and a secondary treated wastewater). The study showed that all three EDCs were distributed to D5 but at varying distribution coefficients: KE1 = 2.66, KE2 = 0.61 and KEE2 = 1.67 ± 5% at pH 6 and 20 °C. Due to the high pKa values of the three EDCs, pH had no significant effect on KEDCs up to about pH 9.5 but higher pHs reduced the distribution ratios up to almost zero at pH 12. Van’t Hoff equation described the effect of temperature on KEDCs and showed that the process was endothermic. The overall estrogenic potency of the three EDCs in mixtures was quantified with an E2 equivalent potency, which was found to distribute well into the solvent at a KE2EQ = 1.43. The study suggests that LLE is an effective method to remove estrogenic potency of wastewater. |
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| Keywords: |
Endocrine disrupting chemical Liquid–liquid extraction Distribution coefficient Steroid estrogen Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane |
| College: |
Faculty of Science and Engineering |
| Start Page: |
417 |
| End Page: |
426 |