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To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus / BENJAMIN WILLIAMS

Swansea University Author: BENJAMIN WILLIAMS

Abstract

Pharmaceutical contamination of the aquatic environment is increasing, with CBD emerging as of one particular concern due to its medicinal potential and rising use in over-the-counter and therapeutic products. It is the major non-psychoactive component of cannabis, one of the most widely used recrea...

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Published: Swansea 2026
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Master of Research
Degree name: MSc by Research
Supervisor: Wallace, Lisa ; Davies, Nia ; Seeley, Aidan
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa72021
first_indexed 2026-06-08T08:36:23Z
last_indexed 2026-06-09T08:55:12Z
id cronfa72021
recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2026-06-08T10:06:43.8008699 v2 72021 2026-06-08 To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus 048456a98338bc8229dd2913bc3fdd06 BENJAMIN WILLIAMS BENJAMIN WILLIAMS true true 2026-06-08 Pharmaceutical contamination of the aquatic environment is increasing, with CBD emerging as of one particular concern due to its medicinal potential and rising use in over-the-counter and therapeutic products. It is the major non-psychoactive component of cannabis, one of the most widely used recreational drugs globally. CBD has since been detected in the environment raising questions regarding its ecotoxicological profile and impact on wildlife. The lipophilic property of CBD and tendency to partition to the sediment necessitates an urgent need to elucidate its effects on aquatic communities. This study used the aquatic annelid Lumbriculus variegatus as an invertebrate model to investigate the toxicity of CBD and its associated compounds on behavioural, physiological and biochemical responses of L. variegatus. The lipophilicity of CBD, 7-OH-CBD, abn-CBD and O-1918 were estimated in silico and toxicity was assessed through an in vivo toxicity assay. Compounds were tested for their effects on stereotypical and unstimulated movements of L. variegatus. The physiological effects of CBD and 7-OH-CBD on L. variegatus were further investigated through regeneration, respiration and pulse rate assays. The biochemical response of CBD and 7-OH-CBD were then investigated through quantification of cholinesterase activity and the total energy budget (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) of L. variegatus. CBD exhibited the greatest toxicological impact with significant effects on stereotypical movement, unstimulated movement, regeneration, respiration, pulse rate and energy metabolism. 7-OH-CBD exerted significant effects on stereotypical movement, unstimulated movement and respiration. Both abn-CBD and O-1918 exhibited significant effects in stereotypical movements and unstimulated movements. Considering its increasing global use and environmental presence, CBD poses the greatest risk for aquatic biological systems of the investigated compounds with potential risk across trophic levels through bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Further comprehensive research into the chronic exposure, multi-generational impact and biomagnification potential of CBD is essential for future environmental risk assessments. E-Thesis Swansea CBD, 7-OH-CBD, Lumbriculus variegatus 28 5 2026 2026-05-28 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Wallace, Lisa ; Davies, Nia ; Seeley, Aidan Master of Research MSc by Research 2026-06-08T10:06:43.8008699 2026-06-08T09:33:17.3442813 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science BENJAMIN WILLIAMS 1 72021__36874__e9db9b9994ad45e99effb9e980b53faa.pdf Williams_Benjamin_MSc_Research_Thesis_Final_Cronfa.pdf 2026-06-08T09:59:31.4435758 Output 10052069 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The Author, Ben Williams, 2026. true eng
title To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
spellingShingle To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
BENJAMIN WILLIAMS
title_short To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
title_full To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
title_fullStr To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
title_full_unstemmed To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
title_sort To observe the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of CBD and CBD-related compounds using the invertebrate model Lumbriculus variegatus
author_id_str_mv 048456a98338bc8229dd2913bc3fdd06
author_id_fullname_str_mv 048456a98338bc8229dd2913bc3fdd06_***_BENJAMIN WILLIAMS
author BENJAMIN WILLIAMS
author2 BENJAMIN WILLIAMS
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2026
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Biomedical Science
document_store_str 1
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description Pharmaceutical contamination of the aquatic environment is increasing, with CBD emerging as of one particular concern due to its medicinal potential and rising use in over-the-counter and therapeutic products. It is the major non-psychoactive component of cannabis, one of the most widely used recreational drugs globally. CBD has since been detected in the environment raising questions regarding its ecotoxicological profile and impact on wildlife. The lipophilic property of CBD and tendency to partition to the sediment necessitates an urgent need to elucidate its effects on aquatic communities. This study used the aquatic annelid Lumbriculus variegatus as an invertebrate model to investigate the toxicity of CBD and its associated compounds on behavioural, physiological and biochemical responses of L. variegatus. The lipophilicity of CBD, 7-OH-CBD, abn-CBD and O-1918 were estimated in silico and toxicity was assessed through an in vivo toxicity assay. Compounds were tested for their effects on stereotypical and unstimulated movements of L. variegatus. The physiological effects of CBD and 7-OH-CBD on L. variegatus were further investigated through regeneration, respiration and pulse rate assays. The biochemical response of CBD and 7-OH-CBD were then investigated through quantification of cholinesterase activity and the total energy budget (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids) of L. variegatus. CBD exhibited the greatest toxicological impact with significant effects on stereotypical movement, unstimulated movement, regeneration, respiration, pulse rate and energy metabolism. 7-OH-CBD exerted significant effects on stereotypical movement, unstimulated movement and respiration. Both abn-CBD and O-1918 exhibited significant effects in stereotypical movements and unstimulated movements. Considering its increasing global use and environmental presence, CBD poses the greatest risk for aquatic biological systems of the investigated compounds with potential risk across trophic levels through bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Further comprehensive research into the chronic exposure, multi-generational impact and biomagnification potential of CBD is essential for future environmental risk assessments.
published_date 2026-05-28T09:55:12Z
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score 11.108223

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