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The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players

Jamie Knight Orcid Logo, Mark Russell, Daniel Cunningham, Natalie Brown, Christian Cook, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo, Laura Mason Orcid Logo, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

PLOS One, Volume: 21, Issue: 6, Start page: e0349645

Swansea University Authors: Jamie Knight Orcid Logo, Daniel Cunningham, Natalie Brown, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo, Laura Mason Orcid Logo, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1371/journal.pone.0349645

Abstract

Objective: Hockey players concurrently experience physical and cognitive fatigue during competition, yet these are critical for successful performance. Prior research has shown cognitive and physical impairments after hockey matches. Morning resistance training may enhance afternoon neuromuscular an...

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Published in: PLOS One
ISSN: 1932-6203
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2026
Online Access: Check full text

URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71849
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Prior research has shown cognitive and physical impairments after hockey matches. Morning resistance training may enhance afternoon neuromuscular and cognitive performance via diurnal changes in hormonal status. This study aimed to examine the effects of morning resistance exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in field hockey players. Methods: On two separate occasions (randomised crossover design), 19 university female hockey players (19&#x2009;&#xB1;&#x2009;1 years) completed morning assessments of physical performance (countermovement jump, 40 m linear sprint) and cognitive function (rapid visual information processing, spatial working memory, paired associates of learning). Control (passive rest) or intervention (barbell back squat, 3 x 3 repetitions at 85% of one repetition maximum and barbell squat jump, 5 x 3 repetitions at 40% one repetition maximum) were implemented 5.5 h before afternoon assessments. Results: Afternoon peak power output and jump height improved following intervention and control (P&#x2009;&lt;&#x2009;0.05). Peak power output and jump height improvements were greater following intervention (7.46% and 13.52% respectively) relative to control (3.16% and 4.85% respectively). Cognitive and sprinting performance, and readiness to perform were unaffected by the intervention but did improve from morning to afternoon. 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spelling 2026-06-16T11:21:05.7708532 v2 71849 2026-05-05 The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players 793b9b2f3162ab3c3055793d606f4e03 0009-0008-2963-9621 Jamie Knight Jamie Knight true false 7a02b11b4ebdbcfc680206da02e5cafe Daniel Cunningham Daniel Cunningham true false 22c0647f05ef81cb0ce67977c5efdfe4 Natalie Brown Natalie Brown true false 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false ef88a9ba99af7706e3e80e418f482e0a 0000-0002-9679-7063 Laura Mason Laura Mason true false 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 0000-0001-9449-2293 Liam Kilduff Liam Kilduff true false 2026-05-05 Objective: Hockey players concurrently experience physical and cognitive fatigue during competition, yet these are critical for successful performance. Prior research has shown cognitive and physical impairments after hockey matches. Morning resistance training may enhance afternoon neuromuscular and cognitive performance via diurnal changes in hormonal status. This study aimed to examine the effects of morning resistance exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in field hockey players. Methods: On two separate occasions (randomised crossover design), 19 university female hockey players (19 ± 1 years) completed morning assessments of physical performance (countermovement jump, 40 m linear sprint) and cognitive function (rapid visual information processing, spatial working memory, paired associates of learning). Control (passive rest) or intervention (barbell back squat, 3 x 3 repetitions at 85% of one repetition maximum and barbell squat jump, 5 x 3 repetitions at 40% one repetition maximum) were implemented 5.5 h before afternoon assessments. Results: Afternoon peak power output and jump height improved following intervention and control (P < 0.05). Peak power output and jump height improvements were greater following intervention (7.46% and 13.52% respectively) relative to control (3.16% and 4.85% respectively). Cognitive and sprinting performance, and readiness to perform were unaffected by the intervention but did improve from morning to afternoon. Conclusion: Morning lower-body heavy and ballistic resistance exercise enhanced afternoon physical performance markers but did not affect cognitive performance in female hockey players. Journal Article PLOS One 21 6 e0349645 Public Library of Science (PLoS) 1932-6203 15 6 2026 2026-06-15 10.1371/journal.pone.0349645 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University 2026-06-16T11:21:05.7708532 2026-05-05T13:28:19.4261634 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Jamie Knight 0009-0008-2963-9621 1 Mark Russell 2 Daniel Cunningham 3 Natalie Brown 4 Christian Cook 5 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 6 Laura Mason 0000-0002-9679-7063 7 Liam Kilduff 0000-0001-9449-2293 8 71849__36974__d6ed054c4b424ac8bb4b8b0297ca5ed6.pdf 71849.VOR.pdf 2026-06-16T11:17:25.4124810 Output 996385 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2026 Knight et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
spellingShingle The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
Jamie Knight
Daniel Cunningham
Natalie Brown
Mark Waldron
Laura Mason
Liam Kilduff
title_short The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
title_full The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
title_fullStr The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
title_full_unstemmed The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
title_sort The effects of morning priming exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in female field hockey players
author_id_str_mv 793b9b2f3162ab3c3055793d606f4e03
7a02b11b4ebdbcfc680206da02e5cafe
22c0647f05ef81cb0ce67977c5efdfe4
70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
ef88a9ba99af7706e3e80e418f482e0a
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98
author_id_fullname_str_mv 793b9b2f3162ab3c3055793d606f4e03_***_Jamie Knight
7a02b11b4ebdbcfc680206da02e5cafe_***_Daniel Cunningham
22c0647f05ef81cb0ce67977c5efdfe4_***_Natalie Brown
70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
ef88a9ba99af7706e3e80e418f482e0a_***_Laura Mason
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98_***_Liam Kilduff
author Jamie Knight
Daniel Cunningham
Natalie Brown
Mark Waldron
Laura Mason
Liam Kilduff
author2 Jamie Knight
Mark Russell
Daniel Cunningham
Natalie Brown
Christian Cook
Mark Waldron
Laura Mason
Liam Kilduff
format Journal article
container_title PLOS One
container_volume 21
container_issue 6
container_start_page e0349645
publishDate 2026
institution Swansea University
issn 1932-6203
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0349645
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Objective: Hockey players concurrently experience physical and cognitive fatigue during competition, yet these are critical for successful performance. Prior research has shown cognitive and physical impairments after hockey matches. Morning resistance training may enhance afternoon neuromuscular and cognitive performance via diurnal changes in hormonal status. This study aimed to examine the effects of morning resistance exercise on afternoon physical and cognitive performance in field hockey players. Methods: On two separate occasions (randomised crossover design), 19 university female hockey players (19 ± 1 years) completed morning assessments of physical performance (countermovement jump, 40 m linear sprint) and cognitive function (rapid visual information processing, spatial working memory, paired associates of learning). Control (passive rest) or intervention (barbell back squat, 3 x 3 repetitions at 85% of one repetition maximum and barbell squat jump, 5 x 3 repetitions at 40% one repetition maximum) were implemented 5.5 h before afternoon assessments. Results: Afternoon peak power output and jump height improved following intervention and control (P < 0.05). Peak power output and jump height improvements were greater following intervention (7.46% and 13.52% respectively) relative to control (3.16% and 4.85% respectively). Cognitive and sprinting performance, and readiness to perform were unaffected by the intervention but did improve from morning to afternoon. Conclusion: Morning lower-body heavy and ballistic resistance exercise enhanced afternoon physical performance markers but did not affect cognitive performance in female hockey players.
published_date 2026-06-15T06:02:14Z
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score 11.109323

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