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Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach

Jess M. Williams, Jessica Bourgin, Jessica Varennes, Marine Pedreni, Melodie Bulinski, Mark Blagrove, Jean-Baptiste Eichenlaub

Scientific Reports

Swansea University Author: Mark Blagrove

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DOI (Published version): 10.1038/s41598-026-48302-y

Abstract

In the dream literature, the emotional continuity hypothesis postulates that emotions in dreams are a reflection of emotions experienced in waking life. However, while between-subject bivariate correlations have been extensively investigated, the trait factors across individuals as well as the state...

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Published in: Scientific Reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2026
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71771
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spelling 2026-04-21T21:05:01.3442125 v2 71771 2026-04-20 Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach 8c78ee008e650b9f0a463bae56a5636c Mark Blagrove Mark Blagrove true false 2026-04-20 In the dream literature, the emotional continuity hypothesis postulates that emotions in dreams are a reflection of emotions experienced in waking life. However, while between-subject bivariate correlations have been extensively investigated, the trait factors across individuals as well as the state factors within individuals that account for night-to-night variation in dream affect have been understudied. In the present study, a multilevel analysis was applied to investigate the association of waking trait- and state-variables with night-to-night variation in dream emotions (N = 130 participants; mean age = 20.57 ± 3.09). Daily sleep quality significantly predicted positive emotions in dreams. In addition, within-subject variation in daily stress and sleep quality, as well as the trait sensory processing sensitivity, significantly predicted negative emotions in dreams. Together, our results highlight the involvement of both trait and state factors in dream emotions, but also bring into focus the differential association of these factors depending on the emotional valence experienced in dreams. Journal Article Scientific Reports Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2045-2322 1 6 2026 2026-06-01 10.1038/s41598-026-48302-y https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-48302-y COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee 2026-04-21T21:05:01.3442125 2026-04-20T22:43:15.2286557 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Jess M. Williams 1 Jessica Bourgin 2 Jessica Varennes 3 Marine Pedreni 4 Melodie Bulinski 5 Mark Blagrove 6 Jean-Baptiste Eichenlaub 7
title Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
spellingShingle Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
Mark Blagrove
title_short Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
title_full Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
title_fullStr Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
title_full_unstemmed Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
title_sort Trait and state predictors of the intensity of emotions experienced in everyday dreams: a multilevel approach
author_id_str_mv 8c78ee008e650b9f0a463bae56a5636c
author_id_fullname_str_mv 8c78ee008e650b9f0a463bae56a5636c_***_Mark Blagrove
author Mark Blagrove
author2 Jess M. Williams
Jessica Bourgin
Jessica Varennes
Marine Pedreni
Melodie Bulinski
Mark Blagrove
Jean-Baptiste Eichenlaub
format Journal article
container_title Scientific Reports
publishDate 2026
institution Swansea University
issn 2045-2322
doi_str_mv 10.1038/s41598-026-48302-y
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-48302-y
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description In the dream literature, the emotional continuity hypothesis postulates that emotions in dreams are a reflection of emotions experienced in waking life. However, while between-subject bivariate correlations have been extensively investigated, the trait factors across individuals as well as the state factors within individuals that account for night-to-night variation in dream affect have been understudied. In the present study, a multilevel analysis was applied to investigate the association of waking trait- and state-variables with night-to-night variation in dream emotions (N = 130 participants; mean age = 20.57 ± 3.09). Daily sleep quality significantly predicted positive emotions in dreams. In addition, within-subject variation in daily stress and sleep quality, as well as the trait sensory processing sensitivity, significantly predicted negative emotions in dreams. Together, our results highlight the involvement of both trait and state factors in dream emotions, but also bring into focus the differential association of these factors depending on the emotional valence experienced in dreams.
published_date 2026-06-01T10:44:58Z
_version_ 1863163417130434560
score 11.335903

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