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Finite-temperature Yang-Mills theories with the density of states method: Toward the continuum limit

Ed Bennett Orcid Logo, Biagio Lucini Orcid Logo, David Mason Orcid Logo, Maurizio Piai Orcid Logo, Enrico Rinaldi Orcid Logo, Davide Vadacchino Orcid Logo, Fabian Zierler, (TELOS collaboration)

Physical Review D, Volume: 113, Issue: 7, Start page: 074519

Swansea University Authors: Ed Bennett Orcid Logo, Biagio Lucini Orcid Logo, Maurizio Piai Orcid Logo, Fabian Zierler

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DOI (Published version): 10.1103/ww6s-xw9z

Abstract

A first-order, confinement/deconfinement phase transition appears in the finite temperature behavior of many non-Abelian gauge theories. These theories play an important role in proposals for completion of the Standard Model of particle physics, hence the phase transition might have occurred in the...

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Published in: Physical Review D
ISSN: 2470-0010 2470-0029
Published: American Physical Society (APS) 2026
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa71727
Abstract: A first-order, confinement/deconfinement phase transition appears in the finite temperature behavior of many non-Abelian gauge theories. These theories play an important role in proposals for completion of the Standard Model of particle physics, hence the phase transition might have occurred in the early stages of evolution of our universe, leaving behind a detectable relic stochastic background of gravitational waves. Lattice field theory studies implementing the density of states method have the potential to provide detailed information about the phase transition, and measure the parameters determining the gravitational-wave power spectrum, by overcoming some of the challenges faced by importance-sampling methods. We assess this potential for a representative choice of Yang-Mills theory with Sp(4) gauge group. We characterize its finite-temperature, first-order phase transition, in the thermodynamic (infinite volume) limit, for two different choices of number of sites in the compact time direction, hence taking the first steps towards the continuum limit extrapolation. We demonstrate the persistence of non-perturbative phenomena associated to the first-order phase transition: coexistence of states, metastability, latent heat, surface tension. We find consistency between several different strategies for the extraction of the volume-dependent critical coupling, hence assessing the size of systematic effects. We also determine the minimum choice of ratio between spatial and time extent of the lattice that allows to identify the contribution of the surface tension to the free energy. We observe that this ratio scales non-trivially with the time extent of the lattice, and comment on the implications for future high-precision numerical studies.
College: Faculty of Science and Engineering
Funders: The work of E. B. and B. L. is supported in part by the EPSRC ExCALIBUR program ExaTEPP (Project No. EP/X017168/1). The work of E. B. has also been supported by the UKRI Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) Research Software Engineering Fellowship EP/V052489/1. The work of E. B., B. L., and M. P. has been supported in part by the STFC Consolidated Grant No. ST/X000648/1. The work of B. L. is supported in part by the STFC Consolidator Grant No. ST/X00063X/1. The work of B. L. and M. P. has been supported in part by the STFC Consolidated Grant No. ST/T000813/1. B. L. and M. P. received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 813942. D. M. has been supported in part by a studentship awarded by the Data Intensive Centre for Doctoral Training, funded by the STFC Grant No. ST/P006779/1. D. V. is supported in part by STFC under Consolidated Grant No. ST/X000680/1. F. Z. is supported by the STFC Consolidated Grant No. ST/X000648/1. This work used the DiRAC Data Intensive service (CSD3) at the University of Cambridge, the DiRAC Data Intensive service (DIaL3) at the University of Leicester and the DiRAC Extreme Scaling service (Tursa) at the University of Edinburgh, managed respectively by the University of Cambridge University Information Services, the University of Leicester Research Computing Service and by EPCC on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility [213]. The DiRAC service at Cambridge, Leicester, and Edinburgh are funded by BEIS, UKRI and STFC capital funding and STFC operations grants. DiRAC is part of the UKRI Digital Research Infrastructure. This work was supported by the Supercomputer Fugaku Start-up Utilization Program of RIKEN. This work used computational resources of the supercomputer Fugaku provided by RIKEN through the HPCI System Research Project (Project No. hp230397). Numerical simulations have been performed on the Swansea SUNBIRD cluster (part of the Supercomputing Wales project). The Swansea SUNBIRD system is part funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) via the Welsh Government.
Issue: 7
Start Page: 074519

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