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Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences

Julia Terry Orcid Logo, Jo Davies, R. Wilks, T. Thomas, S. Vowles, Julian Hunt Orcid Logo, D. Rowberry, Martin Nosek, Ioan Humphreys Orcid Logo

Clinical Simulation in Nursing, Volume: 108, Start page: 101825

Swansea University Authors: Julia Terry Orcid Logo, Jo Davies, Julian Hunt Orcid Logo, Martin Nosek, Ioan Humphreys Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101825

Abstract

Background: Deaf patients face challenges in healthcare settings, with limited deaf awareness in health professional programs, due to a lack of training. Healthcare professional students lack preparation about how to communicate effectively with deaf people and may not understand or empathize with t...

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Published in: Clinical Simulation in Nursing
ISSN: 1876-1399 1876-1402
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70570
first_indexed 2025-10-03T13:50:08Z
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Healthcare professional students lack preparation about how to communicate effectively with deaf people and may not understand or empathize with their experiences in healthcare settings. The aim of the study was to co-design and develop a 360-degree VR simulation, informed by deaf patient experiences, to enhance health professional students&#x2019; empathy and understanding when working with deaf patients. Sample: Study sample was comprised of a purposive sample of preregistration healthcare professional students (n = 8) enrolled in an undergraduate degree at one university in Wales, UK. Participants were recruited through email invitation to all students in one School of Health and Social Care. Methods: A user-centered design approach was used across three phases: gathering feedback from deaf communities on healthcare experiences, design and development of an immersive 360-degree video VR, and evaluating it with health professional students (n = 8), through a pre/post survey and focus group. The survey was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the focus group transcript analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Positive feedback from participating students emphasized the benefits of the simulation and its engaging, impactful nature with a focus on lived experience. 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spelling 2025-10-03T14:51:15.9093326 v2 70570 2025-10-03 Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences aeb9b7bc739735cab8b0d3c06ccf6712 0000-0002-6827-0029 Julia Terry Julia Terry true false f568c1ff291a8876768b8a0096ab5018 Jo Davies Jo Davies true false f72a3e8651b0c60174c52a7964aa6825 0000-0002-4549-6949 Julian Hunt Julian Hunt true false 0a6b872a20c31d71fbae32b48115e8bf Martin Nosek Martin Nosek true false 399e932224d259fca801505dc92cebf7 0000-0001-7993-0179 Ioan Humphreys Ioan Humphreys true false 2025-10-03 HSOC Background: Deaf patients face challenges in healthcare settings, with limited deaf awareness in health professional programs, due to a lack of training. Healthcare professional students lack preparation about how to communicate effectively with deaf people and may not understand or empathize with their experiences in healthcare settings. The aim of the study was to co-design and develop a 360-degree VR simulation, informed by deaf patient experiences, to enhance health professional students’ empathy and understanding when working with deaf patients. Sample: Study sample was comprised of a purposive sample of preregistration healthcare professional students (n = 8) enrolled in an undergraduate degree at one university in Wales, UK. Participants were recruited through email invitation to all students in one School of Health and Social Care. Methods: A user-centered design approach was used across three phases: gathering feedback from deaf communities on healthcare experiences, design and development of an immersive 360-degree video VR, and evaluating it with health professional students (n = 8), through a pre/post survey and focus group. The survey was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the focus group transcript analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Positive feedback from participating students emphasized the benefits of the simulation and its engaging, impactful nature with a focus on lived experience. Conclusion: Simulation education is an effective tool in preparing students for working with deaf patients and in enhancing empathy. Journal Article Clinical Simulation in Nursing 108 101825 Elsevier BV 1876-1399 1876-1402 Deaf; Health professions; Immersive simulations; Simulation; Virtual reality 1 11 2025 2025-11-01 10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101825 COLLEGE NANME Health and Social Care School COLLEGE CODE HSOC Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) The project was funded by a 2-year Morgan Advanced Studies Institute project at Swansea University. 2025-10-03T14:51:15.9093326 2025-10-03T14:28:36.5376252 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Health and Social Care - Nursing Julia Terry 0000-0002-6827-0029 1 Jo Davies 2 R. Wilks 3 T. Thomas 4 S. Vowles 5 Julian Hunt 0000-0002-4549-6949 6 D. Rowberry 7 Martin Nosek 8 Ioan Humphreys 0000-0001-7993-0179 9 70570__35240__cfe354e99e0e40ba9e04911d74d18709.pdf 70570.VOR.pdf 2025-10-03T14:47:56.9546840 Output 464404 application/pdf Version of Record true This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
spellingShingle Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
Julia Terry
Jo Davies
Julian Hunt
Martin Nosek
Ioan Humphreys
title_short Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
title_full Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
title_fullStr Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
title_full_unstemmed Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
title_sort Enhancing empathy and understanding: Developing a virtual reality simulation to educate healthcare students on deaf patient experiences
author_id_str_mv aeb9b7bc739735cab8b0d3c06ccf6712
f568c1ff291a8876768b8a0096ab5018
f72a3e8651b0c60174c52a7964aa6825
0a6b872a20c31d71fbae32b48115e8bf
399e932224d259fca801505dc92cebf7
author_id_fullname_str_mv aeb9b7bc739735cab8b0d3c06ccf6712_***_Julia Terry
f568c1ff291a8876768b8a0096ab5018_***_Jo Davies
f72a3e8651b0c60174c52a7964aa6825_***_Julian Hunt
0a6b872a20c31d71fbae32b48115e8bf_***_Martin Nosek
399e932224d259fca801505dc92cebf7_***_Ioan Humphreys
author Julia Terry
Jo Davies
Julian Hunt
Martin Nosek
Ioan Humphreys
author2 Julia Terry
Jo Davies
R. Wilks
T. Thomas
S. Vowles
Julian Hunt
D. Rowberry
Martin Nosek
Ioan Humphreys
format Journal article
container_title Clinical Simulation in Nursing
container_volume 108
container_start_page 101825
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 1876-1399
1876-1402
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.ecns.2025.101825
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Health and Social Care - Nursing{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Health and Social Care - Nursing
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background: Deaf patients face challenges in healthcare settings, with limited deaf awareness in health professional programs, due to a lack of training. Healthcare professional students lack preparation about how to communicate effectively with deaf people and may not understand or empathize with their experiences in healthcare settings. The aim of the study was to co-design and develop a 360-degree VR simulation, informed by deaf patient experiences, to enhance health professional students’ empathy and understanding when working with deaf patients. Sample: Study sample was comprised of a purposive sample of preregistration healthcare professional students (n = 8) enrolled in an undergraduate degree at one university in Wales, UK. Participants were recruited through email invitation to all students in one School of Health and Social Care. Methods: A user-centered design approach was used across three phases: gathering feedback from deaf communities on healthcare experiences, design and development of an immersive 360-degree video VR, and evaluating it with health professional students (n = 8), through a pre/post survey and focus group. The survey was analyzed using descriptive statistics and the focus group transcript analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Positive feedback from participating students emphasized the benefits of the simulation and its engaging, impactful nature with a focus on lived experience. Conclusion: Simulation education is an effective tool in preparing students for working with deaf patients and in enhancing empathy.
published_date 2025-11-01T05:31:10Z
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