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Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity
Inga K Homfeld 
,
Frederick Reinig ,
Edurne Martinez Del Castillo ,
Max C A Torbenson ,
Oliver Konter,
Rob Wilson ,
Paul J Krusic ,
Neil Loader ,
Hakan Grudd ,
Emily Reid ,
Kayleigh Letherbarrow ,
Jan Esper
,
Frederick Reinig ,
Edurne Martinez Del Castillo ,
Max C A Torbenson ,
Oliver Konter,
Rob Wilson ,
Paul J Krusic ,
Neil Loader ,
Hakan Grudd ,
Emily Reid ,
Kayleigh Letherbarrow ,
Jan Esper
Trees, Volume: 39, Issue: 5, Start page: 101
Swansea University Author:
Neil Loader
-
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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s00468-025-02681-3
Abstract
As one of Eurasia's most widely distributed conifer species, Pinus sylvestris L. is frequently used in dendroclimatological reconstructions based on tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD). However, the climatic signals of additional parameters such as earlywood/latewood densit...
| Published in: | Trees |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 0931-1890 1432-2285 |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
2025
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| URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70569 |
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Here, we investigate the growth responses of multiple P. sylvestris tree-ring parameters to ongoing climate change at two sites with contrasting climatic conditions using well-replicated density data from Scotland and Sweden. Correlations with mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures are strongest for LWD and MXD at both sites, with coefficients ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 for July, August, and the June–August season (p < 0.05). A significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation between MND and July temperatures was identified in the Swedish Torneträsk (TOR) data (p < 0.05), which diminished since the late twentieth century. A comparable inverse MND temperature signal and change into the twenty-first century is not reflected in northern Scotland’s overall wetter and warmer site, suggesting a fundamental physiological change in tree-ring formation under global warming. 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2025-10-03T13:20:11.4183296 v2 70569 2025-10-03 Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity 8267a62100791965d08df6a7842676e6 0000-0002-6841-1813 Neil Loader Neil Loader true false 2025-10-03 BGPS As one of Eurasia's most widely distributed conifer species, Pinus sylvestris L. is frequently used in dendroclimatological reconstructions based on tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD). However, the climatic signals of additional parameters such as earlywood/latewood density (EWD/LWD) or minimum density (MND) are often overlooked, leaving their skill unexplored. Here, we investigate the growth responses of multiple P. sylvestris tree-ring parameters to ongoing climate change at two sites with contrasting climatic conditions using well-replicated density data from Scotland and Sweden. Correlations with mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures are strongest for LWD and MXD at both sites, with coefficients ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 for July, August, and the June–August season (p < 0.05). A significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation between MND and July temperatures was identified in the Swedish Torneträsk (TOR) data (p < 0.05), which diminished since the late twentieth century. A comparable inverse MND temperature signal and change into the twenty-first century is not reflected in northern Scotland’s overall wetter and warmer site, suggesting a fundamental physiological change in tree-ring formation under global warming. A shift in the sensitivity of tree growth at northern European sites could reduce the effectiveness of proxies from such locations, posing implications for high-resolution climate reconstructions. Journal Article Trees 39 5 101 Springer Nature 0931-1890 1432-2285 Wood density; X-ray densitometry; Pinus sylvestris; Climate change; Scotland; Sweden 1 10 2025 2025-10-01 10.1007/s00468-025-02681-3 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. Supported by the ERC Advanced Grant “Monostar” (AdG 8822727). MCAT and JE received funding from the Czech Science Foundation grant HYDRO8 (23-08049S) and the co-funded EU project AdAgriF (# CZ.02.01.01/00/22_008/0004635). NJL was supported by UKRI grant EP/X025098/1. 2025-10-03T13:20:11.4183296 2025-10-03T12:48:40.6101936 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Inga K Homfeld 0000-0002-3965-8622 1 Frederick Reinig 0000-0001-6839-8340 2 Edurne Martinez Del Castillo 0000-0003-1542-2698 3 Max C A Torbenson 0000-0003-2720-2238 4 Oliver Konter 5 Rob Wilson 0000-0001-5637-8617 6 Paul J Krusic 0000-0001-5358-9697 7 Neil Loader 0000-0002-6841-1813 8 Hakan Grudd 0000-0002-9033-2505 9 Emily Reid 0000-0002-7157-9123 10 Kayleigh Letherbarrow 0009-0008-0004-9126 11 Jan Esper 0000-0003-3919-014X 12 70569__35238__53411a59f4c84934a3090d8a242f1bf3.pdf 70569.VOR.pdf 2025-10-03T12:54:33.5669404 Output 1869959 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| title |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity |
| spellingShingle |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity Neil Loader |
| title_short |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity |
| title_full |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity |
| title_fullStr |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity |
| title_sort |
Beyond maximum density: multi-parameter insights into Scots pine climate sensitivity |
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8267a62100791965d08df6a7842676e6 |
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8267a62100791965d08df6a7842676e6_***_Neil Loader |
| author |
Neil Loader |
| author2 |
Inga K Homfeld Frederick Reinig Edurne Martinez Del Castillo Max C A Torbenson Oliver Konter Rob Wilson Paul J Krusic Neil Loader Hakan Grudd Emily Reid Kayleigh Letherbarrow Jan Esper |
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Trees |
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Springer Nature |
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As one of Eurasia's most widely distributed conifer species, Pinus sylvestris L. is frequently used in dendroclimatological reconstructions based on tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD). However, the climatic signals of additional parameters such as earlywood/latewood density (EWD/LWD) or minimum density (MND) are often overlooked, leaving their skill unexplored. Here, we investigate the growth responses of multiple P. sylvestris tree-ring parameters to ongoing climate change at two sites with contrasting climatic conditions using well-replicated density data from Scotland and Sweden. Correlations with mean, minimum, and maximum temperatures are strongest for LWD and MXD at both sites, with coefficients ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 for July, August, and the June–August season (p < 0.05). A significant (p < 0.05) negative correlation between MND and July temperatures was identified in the Swedish Torneträsk (TOR) data (p < 0.05), which diminished since the late twentieth century. A comparable inverse MND temperature signal and change into the twenty-first century is not reflected in northern Scotland’s overall wetter and warmer site, suggesting a fundamental physiological change in tree-ring formation under global warming. A shift in the sensitivity of tree growth at northern European sites could reduce the effectiveness of proxies from such locations, posing implications for high-resolution climate reconstructions. |
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2025-10-01T15:42:47Z |
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