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Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits

Jade Eloise Norris Orcid Logo, Andrea Tales Orcid Logo, Emma Richards, Alecia Cousins Orcid Logo, Julia R. Badger

Research in Autism, Volume: 127, Start page: 202682

Swansea University Authors: Andrea Tales Orcid Logo, Emma Richards, Alecia Cousins Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.reia.2025.202682

Abstract

Little is known about the impact of ageing on Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and objective cognition in adults on the autism spectrum, and autism and autistic traits are not typically considered when assessing older adults in Memory Clinics for dementia. Therefore, individual variation in autist...

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Published in: Research in Autism
ISSN: 3050-6573 3050-6565
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70161
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spelling 2025-09-12T13:00:15.6808001 v2 70161 2025-08-11 Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits 9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f 0000-0003-4825-4555 Andrea Tales Andrea Tales true false 6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578 Emma Richards Emma Richards true false d6a58b5cb0cef9e120b0f9d65a9aa015 0000-0001-8591-2508 Alecia Cousins Alecia Cousins true false 2025-08-11 HSOC Little is known about the impact of ageing on Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and objective cognition in adults on the autism spectrum, and autism and autistic traits are not typically considered when assessing older adults in Memory Clinics for dementia. Therefore, individual variation in autistic traits have not been taken into account when producing normative data for such assessments. The current study aimed to examine SCD and objective cognitive performance in older adults (aged 50–78 years), investigating relationships with autistic traits, depression, anxiety, and sex. Relationships varied depending on sex: for males, SCD was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, and a higher degree of systemizing was associated with better speed of processing and backwards working memory span. For females, older age was associated with poorer cognitive flexibility. Findings indicate that relationships between subjective and objective cognitive abilities, autistic traits, and mental health differ based on sex in older adults. This may help to explain outcome variability in previous studies, and has important implications for the use, adaptation, and interpretation of tests used in Memory Clinics. Journal Article Research in Autism 127 202682 Elsevier BV 3050-6573 3050-6565 Ageing; Dementia; SCD; Mental health; Sex; Autistic traits; Autism 1 9 2025 2025-09-01 10.1016/j.reia.2025.202682 COLLEGE NANME Health and Social Care School COLLEGE CODE HSOC Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This work was supported by the Realising Potential Trust (B1760), and BRACE Dementia Research (Registered Charity Number: 297965). 2025-09-12T13:00:15.6808001 2025-08-11T10:13:58.7914918 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Health and Social Care - Public Health Jade Eloise Norris 0000-0002-5096-2692 1 Andrea Tales 0000-0003-4825-4555 2 Emma Richards 3 Alecia Cousins 0000-0001-8591-2508 4 Julia R. Badger 5 70161__35083__0c55bb90802149a8b28e39d26a015481.pdf 70161.VOR.pdf 2025-09-12T12:56:57.8060622 Output 875146 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
spellingShingle Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
Andrea Tales
Emma Richards
Alecia Cousins
title_short Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
title_full Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
title_fullStr Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
title_full_unstemmed Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
title_sort Ageing and subjective cognitive decline in males and females: Associations with objective cognitive abilities, mental health, and autistic traits
author_id_str_mv 9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f
6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578
d6a58b5cb0cef9e120b0f9d65a9aa015
author_id_fullname_str_mv 9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f_***_Andrea Tales
6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578_***_Emma Richards
d6a58b5cb0cef9e120b0f9d65a9aa015_***_Alecia Cousins
author Andrea Tales
Emma Richards
Alecia Cousins
author2 Jade Eloise Norris
Andrea Tales
Emma Richards
Alecia Cousins
Julia R. Badger
format Journal article
container_title Research in Autism
container_volume 127
container_start_page 202682
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 3050-6573
3050-6565
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.reia.2025.202682
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Health and Social Care - Public Health{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Health and Social Care - Public Health
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description Little is known about the impact of ageing on Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) and objective cognition in adults on the autism spectrum, and autism and autistic traits are not typically considered when assessing older adults in Memory Clinics for dementia. Therefore, individual variation in autistic traits have not been taken into account when producing normative data for such assessments. The current study aimed to examine SCD and objective cognitive performance in older adults (aged 50–78 years), investigating relationships with autistic traits, depression, anxiety, and sex. Relationships varied depending on sex: for males, SCD was associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, and a higher degree of systemizing was associated with better speed of processing and backwards working memory span. For females, older age was associated with poorer cognitive flexibility. Findings indicate that relationships between subjective and objective cognitive abilities, autistic traits, and mental health differ based on sex in older adults. This may help to explain outcome variability in previous studies, and has important implications for the use, adaptation, and interpretation of tests used in Memory Clinics.
published_date 2025-09-01T05:30:08Z
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