Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment

Iya-Sou, Djakaou; Tizaoui, Chedly; Merbahi, Nofel; Bouajila, Jalloul

doi:10.1016/j.eti.2025.104390

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Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment

Djakaou Iya-Sou, Chedly Tizaoui

, Nofel Merbahi, Jalloul Bouajila

Environmental Technology & Innovation, Volume: 40, Start page: 104390

Swansea University Author: Chedly Tizaoui

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104390

Abstract

Fluoranthene (FLT), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) classified as a Priority Hazardous Substance, is recognised for its persistence in the environment. This is due to its complex molecular structure and low aqueous solubility, making it particularly challenging to degrade. This study investi...

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Published in:	Environmental Technology & Innovation
ISSN:	2352-1864
Published:	Elsevier BV 2025
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa70061

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last_indexed	2025-08-13T04:58:26Z
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spelling	2025-08-12T11:59:52.3188959 v2 70061 2025-07-30 Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment 4b34a0286d3c0b0b081518fa6987031d 0000-0003-2159-7881 Chedly Tizaoui Chedly Tizaoui true false 2025-07-30 EAAS Fluoranthene (FLT), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) classified as a Priority Hazardous Substance, is recognised for its persistence in the environment. This is due to its complex molecular structure and low aqueous solubility, making it particularly challenging to degrade. This study investigated a pin-to-water non-thermal plasma (NTP) reactor for the efficient degradation of FLT in aqueous environments. The Results showed that NTP eliminated FLT rapidly with 100 % degradation in less than 5 min. A linear correlation was observed between the pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant and the applied voltage, with energy efficiency reaching up to 110 mg/kWh. The stable species and physicochemical parameters measured in the liquid phase show varying changes over time, both in the presence and absence of FLT. For instance, the pH of the solution decreased from around 6.6 to 4.5 while the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) increased steadily as the discharge time increased. H₂O₂ concentrations revealed its consumption during the first 10 min of plasma exposure, indicating H2O2 contribution to FLT degradation. Additionally, LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis identified nine by-products, primarily resulting from nitration and hydroxylation reactions. Both LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and Fukui function indices determined through Density Functional Theory calculation provided insights into the reaction mechanism. Overall, this study highlights the effectiveness and potential of NTP for the treatment of PAH-contaminated waters. Journal Article Environmental Technology & Innovation 40 104390 Elsevier BV 2352-1864 Non-thermal plasma; Advanced oxidation processes; Fluoranthene; Hydroxyl radicals; Fukui function 1 11 2025 2025-11-01 10.1016/j.eti.2025.104390 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) CT and NM acknowledge the support received from the Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, France, under the Invited Professors program. 2025-08-12T11:59:52.3188959 2025-07-30T13:43:44.7389771 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Djakaou Iya-Sou 1 Chedly Tizaoui 0000-0003-2159-7881 2 Nofel Merbahi 3 Jalloul Bouajila 4 70061__34874__3fa109e0e06b40058aded425eb24c214.pdf 70061.VOR.pdf 2025-07-30T13:50:03.6986763 Output 3588413 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment
spellingShingle	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment Chedly Tizaoui
title_short	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment
title_full	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment
title_fullStr	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment
title_full_unstemmed	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment
title_sort	Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment
author_id_str_mv	4b34a0286d3c0b0b081518fa6987031d
author_id_fullname_str_mv	4b34a0286d3c0b0b081518fa6987031d_***_Chedly Tizaoui
author	Chedly Tizaoui
author2	Djakaou Iya-Sou Chedly Tizaoui Nofel Merbahi Jalloul Bouajila
format	Journal article
container_title	Environmental Technology & Innovation
container_volume	40
container_start_page	104390
publishDate	2025
institution	Swansea University
issn	2352-1864
doi_str_mv	10.1016/j.eti.2025.104390
publisher	Elsevier BV
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str	School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering
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description	Fluoranthene (FLT), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) classified as a Priority Hazardous Substance, is recognised for its persistence in the environment. This is due to its complex molecular structure and low aqueous solubility, making it particularly challenging to degrade. This study investigated a pin-to-water non-thermal plasma (NTP) reactor for the efficient degradation of FLT in aqueous environments. The Results showed that NTP eliminated FLT rapidly with 100 % degradation in less than 5 min. A linear correlation was observed between the pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant and the applied voltage, with energy efficiency reaching up to 110 mg/kWh. The stable species and physicochemical parameters measured in the liquid phase show varying changes over time, both in the presence and absence of FLT. For instance, the pH of the solution decreased from around 6.6 to 4.5 while the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) increased steadily as the discharge time increased. H₂O₂ concentrations revealed its consumption during the first 10 min of plasma exposure, indicating H2O2 contribution to FLT degradation. Additionally, LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis identified nine by-products, primarily resulting from nitration and hydroxylation reactions. Both LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and Fukui function indices determined through Density Functional Theory calculation provided insights into the reaction mechanism. Overall, this study highlights the effectiveness and potential of NTP for the treatment of PAH-contaminated waters.
published_date	2025-11-01T05:29:51Z
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Efficient aqueous degradation of fluoranthene using non-thermal plasma treatment

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