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IDF diabetes Atlas: A worldwide review of studies utilizing retinal photography to screen for diabetic retinopathy from 2017 to 2024 inclusive

David Owens Orcid Logo, Sarega Gurudas, Sobha Sivaprasad, Farhan Zaidi, Robyn Tapp, Dimitrios Kazantzis, Lizzy Evans, Becky Thomas Orcid Logo

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, Volume: 226, Start page: 112346

Swansea University Authors: David Owens Orcid Logo, Becky Thomas Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112346

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to report the global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on retinal imaging, using English-language articles published from 2017 to June 2024. Methods: Three databases—Cochrane Library, Embase via OVID, and Medline via OVID—were searched using subject headings and ke...

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Published in: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
ISSN: 0168-8227 1872-8227
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69816
Abstract: Aims: This study aimed to report the global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) based on retinal imaging, using English-language articles published from 2017 to June 2024. Methods: Three databases—Cochrane Library, Embase via OVID, and Medline via OVID—were searched using subject headings and keywords. An independent librarian conducted the initial search and developed the strategy. A total of 569 publications were uploaded to Rayyan for blinded screening, yielding 42 studies. Meta-analysis was performed to determine prevalence rates for any DR, proliferative DR (PDR), diabetic macular oedema (DMO), and sight-threatening DR (STDR). Results: Global prevalence rates across the 7 IDF regions were: any DR 23 % (95 % CI: 20–26), PDR 6 % (95 % CI: 3–9), DMO 5 % (95 % CI: 4–6), and STDR 11 % (95 % CI: 9–14). Compared to 2015–2019 data, the rate of any DR decreased from 27 % to 23 %, while PDR increased from 1.4 % to 6 %. DMO rates remained stable (∼5%). Conclusion: Global DR prevalence remains between 20 and 30%. However, variations in study design and regional practices limit trend interpretation. International screening guidelines, supported by advancing technology, are needed to produce robust epidemiological data for global Eye Health policy planning.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic retinopathy screening; Global prevalence of diabetic retinopathy
College: Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
Funders: Swansea University
Start Page: 112346

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