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Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Elizabeth Sheils Orcid Logo, William Tillett Orcid Logo, Delyth James Orcid Logo, Sarah Brown Orcid Logo, Charlotte Dack Orcid Logo, Hannah Family Orcid Logo, Sarah C. E. Chapman Orcid Logo

Health Psychology, Volume: 43, Issue: 3, Pages: 155 - 170

Swansea University Author: Delyth James Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1037/hea0001316

Abstract

Objective: Medication-related beliefs, for example, beliefs that medicines are unnecessary or that side effects are likely, can influence medication behaviors and experiences, potentially impacting quality of life and mortality. At times, it may be useful to change medication-related beliefs, for ex...

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Published in: Health Psychology
ISSN: 0278-6133 1930-7810
Published: American Psychological Association (APA) 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69686
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At times, it may be useful to change medication-related beliefs, for example, to reduce patients&#x2019; concerns about side effects when extensive evidence suggests side effects are rare. Currently we do not know the most effective methods to address medication beliefs. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that measured medication-related beliefs in people prescribed medication for long-term condition(s). We extracted data on behavior change techniques (BCTs), belief measure, study and patient characteristics, risk of bias, and quality of description. Results: We identified 56 trials randomizing 8,714 participants. In meta-analysis, interventions led to small-to-medium effects (n = 36, Hedges&#x2019; g = .362, 95% confidence interval [CI] [.20, .52], p &lt; .001) in increasing beliefs about medication need/benefit and reducing concerns about medication (n = 21, Hedges&#x2019; g = &#x2212;.435, 95% CI [&#x2212;0.72, &#x2212;0.15], p &lt; .01). Effect sizes were higher for interventions that reported a significant effect on adherence. Problem solving, information about health consequences, and social support (unspecified) were the most prevalent BCTs. Fourteen BCTs were associated with significant effects on need/benefit beliefs and four BCTs were associated with significant effects on concern beliefs. Conclusion: It is possible to modify medication-related beliefs using a range of interventions and techniques. 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E.</firstname><surname>Chapman</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7612-1605</orcid><order>7</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>69686__34766__76acf5746974479d9692bfdd1c303d76.pdf</filename><originalFilename>69686.VoR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2025-07-15T11:22:57.9977113</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>2293914</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2025-07-15T11:26:21.5843833 v2 69686 2025-06-11 Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. dc24cdd4d09d96fa49a0f213d1060cf9 0000-0001-7434-7064 Delyth James Delyth James true false 2025-06-11 MEDS Objective: Medication-related beliefs, for example, beliefs that medicines are unnecessary or that side effects are likely, can influence medication behaviors and experiences, potentially impacting quality of life and mortality. At times, it may be useful to change medication-related beliefs, for example, to reduce patients’ concerns about side effects when extensive evidence suggests side effects are rare. Currently we do not know the most effective methods to address medication beliefs. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that measured medication-related beliefs in people prescribed medication for long-term condition(s). We extracted data on behavior change techniques (BCTs), belief measure, study and patient characteristics, risk of bias, and quality of description. Results: We identified 56 trials randomizing 8,714 participants. In meta-analysis, interventions led to small-to-medium effects (n = 36, Hedges’ g = .362, 95% confidence interval [CI] [.20, .52], p < .001) in increasing beliefs about medication need/benefit and reducing concerns about medication (n = 21, Hedges’ g = −.435, 95% CI [−0.72, −0.15], p < .01). Effect sizes were higher for interventions that reported a significant effect on adherence. Problem solving, information about health consequences, and social support (unspecified) were the most prevalent BCTs. Fourteen BCTs were associated with significant effects on need/benefit beliefs and four BCTs were associated with significant effects on concern beliefs. Conclusion: It is possible to modify medication-related beliefs using a range of interventions and techniques. Future research should explore the best ways to operationalize these BCTs for specific health conditions to support medication beliefs and improve adherence. Journal Article Health Psychology 43 3 155 170 American Psychological Association (APA) 0278-6133 1930-7810 attitudes, behavior change techniques, medication adherence, systematic review, meta-analysis 23 10 2023 2023-10-23 10.1037/hea0001316 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee University of Bath 2025-07-15T11:26:21.5843833 2025-06-11T14:36:03.1966647 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Pharmacy Elizabeth Sheils 0000-0003-4499-3166 1 William Tillett 0000-0001-7531-4125 2 Delyth James 0000-0001-7434-7064 3 Sarah Brown 0000-0002-9741-1935 4 Charlotte Dack 0000-0002-5124-094x 5 Hannah Family 0000-0003-1243-778x 6 Sarah C. E. Chapman 0000-0002-7612-1605 7 69686__34766__76acf5746974479d9692bfdd1c303d76.pdf 69686.VoR.pdf 2025-07-15T11:22:57.9977113 Output 2293914 application/pdf Version of Record true This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
title Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
spellingShingle Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Delyth James
title_short Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
title_full Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
title_fullStr Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
title_full_unstemmed Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
title_sort Changing medication-related beliefs: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
author_id_str_mv dc24cdd4d09d96fa49a0f213d1060cf9
author_id_fullname_str_mv dc24cdd4d09d96fa49a0f213d1060cf9_***_Delyth James
author Delyth James
author2 Elizabeth Sheils
William Tillett
Delyth James
Sarah Brown
Charlotte Dack
Hannah Family
Sarah C. E. Chapman
format Journal article
container_title Health Psychology
container_volume 43
container_issue 3
container_start_page 155
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 0278-6133
1930-7810
doi_str_mv 10.1037/hea0001316
publisher American Psychological Association (APA)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Pharmacy{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Pharmacy
document_store_str 1
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description Objective: Medication-related beliefs, for example, beliefs that medicines are unnecessary or that side effects are likely, can influence medication behaviors and experiences, potentially impacting quality of life and mortality. At times, it may be useful to change medication-related beliefs, for example, to reduce patients’ concerns about side effects when extensive evidence suggests side effects are rare. Currently we do not know the most effective methods to address medication beliefs. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that measured medication-related beliefs in people prescribed medication for long-term condition(s). We extracted data on behavior change techniques (BCTs), belief measure, study and patient characteristics, risk of bias, and quality of description. Results: We identified 56 trials randomizing 8,714 participants. In meta-analysis, interventions led to small-to-medium effects (n = 36, Hedges’ g = .362, 95% confidence interval [CI] [.20, .52], p < .001) in increasing beliefs about medication need/benefit and reducing concerns about medication (n = 21, Hedges’ g = −.435, 95% CI [−0.72, −0.15], p < .01). Effect sizes were higher for interventions that reported a significant effect on adherence. Problem solving, information about health consequences, and social support (unspecified) were the most prevalent BCTs. Fourteen BCTs were associated with significant effects on need/benefit beliefs and four BCTs were associated with significant effects on concern beliefs. Conclusion: It is possible to modify medication-related beliefs using a range of interventions and techniques. Future research should explore the best ways to operationalize these BCTs for specific health conditions to support medication beliefs and improve adherence.
published_date 2023-10-23T05:27:38Z
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