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ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes

Cinthia M.A. Claudino, Guillaume F. Bertrand, Rodolfo L.B. Nóbrega, Cristiano das N. Almeida, Ana Cláudia V. Gusmão, Suzana M.G.L. Montenegro, Bernardo B. Silva, Eduardo G. Patriota, Filipe C. Lemos, Jaqueline V. Coutinho, José Welton Gonçalo de Sousa, João M. Andrade, Davi C.D. Melo, Diogo Francisco B. Rodrigues, Leidjane M. Oliveira, Yunqing Xuan Orcid Logo, Magna S.B. Moura, Abelardo A.A. Montenegro, Luca Brocca, Chiara Corbari, Yufang Jin, Kosana Suvočarev, Bergson Bezerra, José Romualdo S. de Lima, Eduardo Souza, Jamil A.A. Anache, Victor Hugo R. Coelho

Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume: 325, Start page: 114771

Swansea University Author: Yunqing Xuan Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.rse.2025.114771

Abstract

We developed an ET model, namely the Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration (ESTIMET), for local-to-regional ET monitoring and applications in the tropics, based on the original MOD16 evapotranspiration (ET) algorithm. The main distinguishing features of ESTIMET are pr...

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Published in: Remote Sensing of Environment
ISSN: 0034-4257
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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The main distinguishing features of ESTIMET are providing a near-real-time product with increased spatial (from 500 to 250 m) and temporal (from 8-day to daily) resolutions, minimising gaps in cloud cover and adjusting specific tropical characteristics of diverse vegetation and microclimate types. We compared the results of ESTIMET with the MOD16A2GF, PML_V2, and GLEAM 4.1a ET products, using eddy covariance (EC) data from 14 sites in Brazil, as well as the water balance-based annual ET in 25 Brazilian catchments. Overall, the ESTIMET estimates captured the daily seasonal variations of the EC data, especially in the Caatinga, Pantanal, and Cerrado biomes, with concordance correlation coefficients (&#x3C1;c) ranging from 0.45 to 0.80 at eight sites located in these three biomes. 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Thus, ESTIMET improves remote sensing-based ET estimates in tropical biomes, operating at a finer spatiotemporal scale and latency (i.e. monthly) under all sky conditions.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Remote Sensing of Environment</journal><volume>325</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>114771</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0034-4257</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Remote sensing; MODIS; Evapotranspiration; Tropical biomes; Brazil</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2025</publishedYear><publishedDate>2025-08-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.rse.2025.114771</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>ACEM</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Another institution paid the OA fee</apcterm><funders>The authors would like to thank the financial support provided by 1) the Funda&#xE7;&#xE3;o de Apoio &#xE0; Pesquisa do Estado da Para&#xED;ba (FAPESQ-PB) for the Master and PhD scholarships; 2) the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; Grant REFs: 443320/2023-3, 313614/2020-2, 3113392/2020-0, and 309303/2022-2); 3) the Federal University of Para&#xED;ba (UFPB; Grant REF: PIA13145-2020); 4) the National Observatory of Water and Carbon Dynamics in the Caatinga Biome (NOWCDCB), supported by FACEPE (Grant REFs: APQ-0498-3.07/17 INCT 2014, and APQ-0500-5.01/22), CNPq (Grant REFs: INCT 465764/2014-2, 406202/2022-2, 310105/2022-6, 313493/2020-0, and 409990/2018-3), and CAPES (Grant REFs: 88881.981697/2024-01, 88887.136369/2017-00, and 88881.318207/2019-01); 5) the National Observatory of Water Security and Adaptative Management (Grant REF: CNPq 406919/2022-4); 6) the Newton/NERC/FAPESP Nordeste project (Grant REFs: NE/N012526/1 ICL 652, and NE/N012488/1 UoR); and 7) the S&#xE3;o Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Grant REFs: 2015/50488-5, 2019/11835-2, 2021/10639-5, and 2022/07735-5).</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2025-05-02T16:55:21.4940166</lastEdited><Created>2025-04-26T23:46:56.3700230</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Cinthia M.A.</firstname><surname>Claudino</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Guillaume F.</firstname><surname>Bertrand</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Rodolfo L.B.</firstname><surname>N&#xF3;brega</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Cristiano das N.</firstname><surname>Almeida</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Ana Cl&#xE1;udia V.</firstname><surname>Gusm&#xE3;o</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Suzana M.G.L.</firstname><surname>Montenegro</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Bernardo B.</firstname><surname>Silva</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Eduardo G.</firstname><surname>Patriota</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Filipe C.</firstname><surname>Lemos</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Jaqueline V.</firstname><surname>Coutinho</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Jos&#xE9; Welton Gon&#xE7;alo de</firstname><surname>Sousa</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Jo&#xE3;o M.</firstname><surname>Andrade</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Davi C.D.</firstname><surname>Melo</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Diogo Francisco B.</firstname><surname>Rodrigues</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Leidjane M.</firstname><surname>Oliveira</surname><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>Yunqing</firstname><surname>Xuan</surname><orcid>0000-0003-2736-8625</orcid><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>Magna S.B.</firstname><surname>Moura</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Abelardo A.A.</firstname><surname>Montenegro</surname><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>Luca</firstname><surname>Brocca</surname><order>19</order></author><author><firstname>Chiara</firstname><surname>Corbari</surname><order>20</order></author><author><firstname>Yufang</firstname><surname>Jin</surname><order>21</order></author><author><firstname>Kosana</firstname><surname>Suvo&#x10D;arev</surname><order>22</order></author><author><firstname>Bergson</firstname><surname>Bezerra</surname><order>23</order></author><author><firstname>Jos&#xE9; Romualdo S. de</firstname><surname>Lima</surname><order>24</order></author><author><firstname>Eduardo</firstname><surname>Souza</surname><order>25</order></author><author><firstname>Jamil A.A.</firstname><surname>Anache</surname><order>26</order></author><author><firstname>Victor Hugo R.</firstname><surname>Coelho</surname><order>27</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>69361__34117__117f4d1a8eaf41b8863de81f88cf288d.pdf</filename><originalFilename>1-s2.0-S0034425725001750-main.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2025-04-26T23:49:06.8190841</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>20659199</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9; 2025 The Authors. 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spelling 2025-05-02T16:55:21.4940166 v2 69361 2025-04-26 ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes 3ece84458da360ff84fa95aa1c0c912b 0000-0003-2736-8625 Yunqing Xuan Yunqing Xuan true false 2025-04-26 ACEM We developed an ET model, namely the Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration (ESTIMET), for local-to-regional ET monitoring and applications in the tropics, based on the original MOD16 evapotranspiration (ET) algorithm. The main distinguishing features of ESTIMET are providing a near-real-time product with increased spatial (from 500 to 250 m) and temporal (from 8-day to daily) resolutions, minimising gaps in cloud cover and adjusting specific tropical characteristics of diverse vegetation and microclimate types. We compared the results of ESTIMET with the MOD16A2GF, PML_V2, and GLEAM 4.1a ET products, using eddy covariance (EC) data from 14 sites in Brazil, as well as the water balance-based annual ET in 25 Brazilian catchments. Overall, the ESTIMET estimates captured the daily seasonal variations of the EC data, especially in the Caatinga, Pantanal, and Cerrado biomes, with concordance correlation coefficients (ρc) ranging from 0.45 to 0.80 at eight sites located in these three biomes. The comparisons of the 8-day cumulative ET show that the ESTIMET algorithm exhibits a mean ρc of 0.63, greater than that of MOD16A2GF (ρc = 0.58), GLEAM 4.1a (ρc = 0.47), and PML_V2 (ρc = 0.45). Similarly, for the catchment water balance, ESTIMET exhibits a better representation of annual ET than other ET products in the three major South American biomes, i.e. the Amazon, Atlantic Forest, and Cerrado, which cover over 85 % of the Brazilian territory. Thus, ESTIMET improves remote sensing-based ET estimates in tropical biomes, operating at a finer spatiotemporal scale and latency (i.e. monthly) under all sky conditions. Journal Article Remote Sensing of Environment 325 114771 Elsevier BV 0034-4257 Remote sensing; MODIS; Evapotranspiration; Tropical biomes; Brazil 1 8 2025 2025-08-01 10.1016/j.rse.2025.114771 COLLEGE NANME Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE ACEM Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee The authors would like to thank the financial support provided by 1) the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da Paraíba (FAPESQ-PB) for the Master and PhD scholarships; 2) the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; Grant REFs: 443320/2023-3, 313614/2020-2, 3113392/2020-0, and 309303/2022-2); 3) the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB; Grant REF: PIA13145-2020); 4) the National Observatory of Water and Carbon Dynamics in the Caatinga Biome (NOWCDCB), supported by FACEPE (Grant REFs: APQ-0498-3.07/17 INCT 2014, and APQ-0500-5.01/22), CNPq (Grant REFs: INCT 465764/2014-2, 406202/2022-2, 310105/2022-6, 313493/2020-0, and 409990/2018-3), and CAPES (Grant REFs: 88881.981697/2024-01, 88887.136369/2017-00, and 88881.318207/2019-01); 5) the National Observatory of Water Security and Adaptative Management (Grant REF: CNPq 406919/2022-4); 6) the Newton/NERC/FAPESP Nordeste project (Grant REFs: NE/N012526/1 ICL 652, and NE/N012488/1 UoR); and 7) the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Grant REFs: 2015/50488-5, 2019/11835-2, 2021/10639-5, and 2022/07735-5). 2025-05-02T16:55:21.4940166 2025-04-26T23:46:56.3700230 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering Cinthia M.A. Claudino 1 Guillaume F. Bertrand 2 Rodolfo L.B. Nóbrega 3 Cristiano das N. Almeida 4 Ana Cláudia V. Gusmão 5 Suzana M.G.L. Montenegro 6 Bernardo B. Silva 7 Eduardo G. Patriota 8 Filipe C. Lemos 9 Jaqueline V. Coutinho 10 José Welton Gonçalo de Sousa 11 João M. Andrade 12 Davi C.D. Melo 13 Diogo Francisco B. Rodrigues 14 Leidjane M. Oliveira 15 Yunqing Xuan 0000-0003-2736-8625 16 Magna S.B. Moura 17 Abelardo A.A. Montenegro 18 Luca Brocca 19 Chiara Corbari 20 Yufang Jin 21 Kosana Suvočarev 22 Bergson Bezerra 23 José Romualdo S. de Lima 24 Eduardo Souza 25 Jamil A.A. Anache 26 Victor Hugo R. Coelho 27 69361__34117__117f4d1a8eaf41b8863de81f88cf288d.pdf 1-s2.0-S0034425725001750-main.pdf 2025-04-26T23:49:06.8190841 Output 20659199 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
spellingShingle ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
Yunqing Xuan
title_short ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
title_full ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
title_fullStr ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
title_full_unstemmed ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
title_sort ESTIMET: Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration algorithm for all sky conditions in tropical biomes
author_id_str_mv 3ece84458da360ff84fa95aa1c0c912b
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3ece84458da360ff84fa95aa1c0c912b_***_Yunqing Xuan
author Yunqing Xuan
author2 Cinthia M.A. Claudino
Guillaume F. Bertrand
Rodolfo L.B. Nóbrega
Cristiano das N. Almeida
Ana Cláudia V. Gusmão
Suzana M.G.L. Montenegro
Bernardo B. Silva
Eduardo G. Patriota
Filipe C. Lemos
Jaqueline V. Coutinho
José Welton Gonçalo de Sousa
João M. Andrade
Davi C.D. Melo
Diogo Francisco B. Rodrigues
Leidjane M. Oliveira
Yunqing Xuan
Magna S.B. Moura
Abelardo A.A. Montenegro
Luca Brocca
Chiara Corbari
Yufang Jin
Kosana Suvočarev
Bergson Bezerra
José Romualdo S. de Lima
Eduardo Souza
Jamil A.A. Anache
Victor Hugo R. Coelho
format Journal article
container_title Remote Sensing of Environment
container_volume 325
container_start_page 114771
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 0034-4257
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.rse.2025.114771
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description We developed an ET model, namely the Enhanced and Spatial-Temporal Improvement of MODIS EvapoTranspiration (ESTIMET), for local-to-regional ET monitoring and applications in the tropics, based on the original MOD16 evapotranspiration (ET) algorithm. The main distinguishing features of ESTIMET are providing a near-real-time product with increased spatial (from 500 to 250 m) and temporal (from 8-day to daily) resolutions, minimising gaps in cloud cover and adjusting specific tropical characteristics of diverse vegetation and microclimate types. We compared the results of ESTIMET with the MOD16A2GF, PML_V2, and GLEAM 4.1a ET products, using eddy covariance (EC) data from 14 sites in Brazil, as well as the water balance-based annual ET in 25 Brazilian catchments. Overall, the ESTIMET estimates captured the daily seasonal variations of the EC data, especially in the Caatinga, Pantanal, and Cerrado biomes, with concordance correlation coefficients (ρc) ranging from 0.45 to 0.80 at eight sites located in these three biomes. The comparisons of the 8-day cumulative ET show that the ESTIMET algorithm exhibits a mean ρc of 0.63, greater than that of MOD16A2GF (ρc = 0.58), GLEAM 4.1a (ρc = 0.47), and PML_V2 (ρc = 0.45). Similarly, for the catchment water balance, ESTIMET exhibits a better representation of annual ET than other ET products in the three major South American biomes, i.e. the Amazon, Atlantic Forest, and Cerrado, which cover over 85 % of the Brazilian territory. Thus, ESTIMET improves remote sensing-based ET estimates in tropical biomes, operating at a finer spatiotemporal scale and latency (i.e. monthly) under all sky conditions.
published_date 2025-08-01T05:20:27Z
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score 11.237403

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