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Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide

Jordi Sola Codina, John Griffin Orcid Logo

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, Volume: 292, Issue: 2046

Swansea University Authors: Jordi Sola Codina, John Griffin Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1098/rspb.2024.2723

Abstract

Environmental heterogeneity is widely thought to promote biodiversity, yet its variable effects limit its predictive power. This variability can be better understood by considering key mediating factors: different forms of local heterogeneity, organismal groups and their associated traits, and the b...

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Published in: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
ISSN: 1471-2954
Published: The Royal Society 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69233
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spelling 2025-05-12T17:08:06.2993026 v2 69233 2025-04-07 Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide 4fff6e0a3f35c758f680f267f14edca0 Jordi Sola Codina Jordi Sola Codina true false 9814fbffa76dd9c9a207166354cd0b2f 0000-0003-3295-6480 John Griffin John Griffin true false 2025-04-07 BGPS Environmental heterogeneity is widely thought to promote biodiversity, yet its variable effects limit its predictive power. This variability can be better understood by considering key mediating factors: different forms of local heterogeneity, organismal groups and their associated traits, and the broader environmental context (e.g. latitude). To address these factors, we analysed 144 studies (24 412 data points and 2815 effects) from rocky reefs worldwide. Heterogeneity was defined as spatial variability, and heterogeneity metrics were grouped into facets such as three-dimensional (3D) structure (e.g. substrate rugosity), complexity (e.g. fractal dimension) and feature variability (e.g. mussel size classes). All facets promoted biodiversity, but effects were context-dependent, with 3D structures having the strongest impact, likely owing to increased niche provision and substrate area. Responses also varied across organismal groups, with small-bodied and mobile species benefiting the most. Additionally, heterogeneity reduced grazing and enhanced recruitment, helping promote biodiversity. Effects were strongest on biogenic substrates, at lower latitudes and in more stressful intertidal zones. Overall, the influence of local heterogeneity depends on how it is generated and measured, organisms’ traits, and prevailing environmental conditions. These insights inform the development of a conceptual model predicting heterogeneity’s context-dependent effects on biodiversity across systems. Journal Article Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 292 2046 The Royal Society 1471-2954 biodiversity, habitat complexity, habitat structure,ecosystem functioning, topography, marine reefs 7 5 2025 2025-05-07 10.1098/rspb.2024.2723 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This work was funded by a Swansea University Research Excellence Scholarship, and a Natural Environment Research Council grant (NE/W006650/1). 2025-05-12T17:08:06.2993026 2025-04-07T11:11:44.8566559 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Jordi Sola Codina 1 John Griffin 0000-0003-3295-6480 2 69233__34257__340cdddded7944afbf1e7590ba6c72dc.pdf 69233.VoR.pdf 2025-05-12T17:06:34.6876137 Output 16134835 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
spellingShingle Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
Jordi Sola Codina
John Griffin
title_short Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
title_full Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
title_fullStr Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
title_full_unstemmed Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
title_sort Resolving the context-dependency of local heterogeneity–diversity relationships across rocky reefs worldwide
author_id_str_mv 4fff6e0a3f35c758f680f267f14edca0
9814fbffa76dd9c9a207166354cd0b2f
author_id_fullname_str_mv 4fff6e0a3f35c758f680f267f14edca0_***_Jordi Sola Codina
9814fbffa76dd9c9a207166354cd0b2f_***_John Griffin
author Jordi Sola Codina
John Griffin
author2 Jordi Sola Codina
John Griffin
format Journal article
container_title Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
container_volume 292
container_issue 2046
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 1471-2954
doi_str_mv 10.1098/rspb.2024.2723
publisher The Royal Society
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
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description Environmental heterogeneity is widely thought to promote biodiversity, yet its variable effects limit its predictive power. This variability can be better understood by considering key mediating factors: different forms of local heterogeneity, organismal groups and their associated traits, and the broader environmental context (e.g. latitude). To address these factors, we analysed 144 studies (24 412 data points and 2815 effects) from rocky reefs worldwide. Heterogeneity was defined as spatial variability, and heterogeneity metrics were grouped into facets such as three-dimensional (3D) structure (e.g. substrate rugosity), complexity (e.g. fractal dimension) and feature variability (e.g. mussel size classes). All facets promoted biodiversity, but effects were context-dependent, with 3D structures having the strongest impact, likely owing to increased niche provision and substrate area. Responses also varied across organismal groups, with small-bodied and mobile species benefiting the most. Additionally, heterogeneity reduced grazing and enhanced recruitment, helping promote biodiversity. Effects were strongest on biogenic substrates, at lower latitudes and in more stressful intertidal zones. Overall, the influence of local heterogeneity depends on how it is generated and measured, organisms’ traits, and prevailing environmental conditions. These insights inform the development of a conceptual model predicting heterogeneity’s context-dependent effects on biodiversity across systems.
published_date 2025-05-07T06:46:24Z
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