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Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia

Jeremy Tree Orcid Logo, Alex Jones Orcid Logo

Cortex, Volume: 186, Pages: 86 - 98

Swansea University Authors: Jeremy Tree Orcid Logo, Alex Jones Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.cortex.2025.03.009

Abstract

This study aims to explore the relationship between face processing ability and individuals' insight into that ability, with a particular focus on those who ‘self-refer’ as having face recognition difficulties; namely, individuals with developmental prosopagnosia (DP). Specifically, the study e...

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Published in: Cortex
ISSN: 0010-9452
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa69192
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last_indexed 2025-04-24T06:19:58Z
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spelling 2025-04-23T11:12:07.1815666 v2 69192 2025-03-31 Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia 373fd575114a743d502a979c6161b1ad 0000-0001-6000-8125 Jeremy Tree Jeremy Tree true false a24e1e2a89b0a9120fe03b481a629edd 0000-0003-3600-3644 Alex Jones Alex Jones true false 2025-03-31 PSYS This study aims to explore the relationship between face processing ability and individuals' insight into that ability, with a particular focus on those who ‘self-refer’ as having face recognition difficulties; namely, individuals with developmental prosopagnosia (DP). Specifically, the study examines whether self-referred individuals represent a subpopulation with elevated levels of insight into their face recognition performance compared to the general population. Using Bayesian hierarchical modelling, we compared performance across the ‘objective’ Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) and the ‘subjective’ 20-item Prosopagnosia Index (PI20) in self-referred DP individuals (N = 279) and normative populations (N = 1,344)-this statistical approach allows for flexible, probabilistic predictions about performance based on subjective insight and group membership, enabling more nuanced comparisons. Despite hypotheses that self-referring participants might demonstrate superior metacognitive insight, results showed no credible evidence of enhanced alignment between PI20 and CFMT measures in this group compared to normative samples. Overall, these findings underscore the limitations of current diagnostic tools, emphasizing the need for psychometric refinement to address measurement noise and improve the reliability of subjective self-assessments. This work contributes to understanding individual variability in cognitive insight and highlights the challenges of identifying DP based on subjective and objective alignment. Journal Article Cortex 186 86 98 Elsevier BV 0010-9452 1 5 2025 2025-05-01 10.1016/j.cortex.2025.03.009 COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Swansea University 2025-04-23T11:12:07.1815666 2025-03-31T20:07:21.4563194 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Jeremy Tree 0000-0001-6000-8125 1 Alex Jones 0000-0003-3600-3644 2 69192__34061__7726cb802b8943fe9ebb75ac2c63a84d.pdf 69192.VoR.pdf 2025-04-23T11:11:22.1282706 Output 1281288 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
spellingShingle Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
Jeremy Tree
Alex Jones
title_short Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
title_full Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
title_fullStr Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
title_full_unstemmed Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
title_sort Exploring insight into unfamiliar face recognition ability: The case from developmental prosopagnosia
author_id_str_mv 373fd575114a743d502a979c6161b1ad
a24e1e2a89b0a9120fe03b481a629edd
author_id_fullname_str_mv 373fd575114a743d502a979c6161b1ad_***_Jeremy Tree
a24e1e2a89b0a9120fe03b481a629edd_***_Alex Jones
author Jeremy Tree
Alex Jones
author2 Jeremy Tree
Alex Jones
format Journal article
container_title Cortex
container_volume 186
container_start_page 86
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 0010-9452
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.cortex.2025.03.009
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description This study aims to explore the relationship between face processing ability and individuals' insight into that ability, with a particular focus on those who ‘self-refer’ as having face recognition difficulties; namely, individuals with developmental prosopagnosia (DP). Specifically, the study examines whether self-referred individuals represent a subpopulation with elevated levels of insight into their face recognition performance compared to the general population. Using Bayesian hierarchical modelling, we compared performance across the ‘objective’ Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) and the ‘subjective’ 20-item Prosopagnosia Index (PI20) in self-referred DP individuals (N = 279) and normative populations (N = 1,344)-this statistical approach allows for flexible, probabilistic predictions about performance based on subjective insight and group membership, enabling more nuanced comparisons. Despite hypotheses that self-referring participants might demonstrate superior metacognitive insight, results showed no credible evidence of enhanced alignment between PI20 and CFMT measures in this group compared to normative samples. Overall, these findings underscore the limitations of current diagnostic tools, emphasizing the need for psychometric refinement to address measurement noise and improve the reliability of subjective self-assessments. This work contributes to understanding individual variability in cognitive insight and highlights the challenges of identifying DP based on subjective and objective alignment.
published_date 2025-05-01T05:27:31Z
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