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Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials / DANIEL VAUGHAN

Swansea University Author: DANIEL VAUGHAN

  • E-Thesis under embargo until: 8th November 2029

Abstract

A niobium-microalloyed steel (‘Nb-steel’) containing 0.009 wt.% Nb was investigated for suitability for use in packaging applications by comparing its performance with an existing nitrogen-microalloyed steel (‘N-steel’), which is currently used in the manufacture of high-strength, high-ductility mat...

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Published: Swansea University, Wales, UK 2024
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Master of Research
Degree name: MSc by Research
Supervisor: Sackett, E, and Mainwaring, M.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68984
first_indexed 2025-02-27T16:01:33Z
last_indexed 2025-03-07T05:49:32Z
id cronfa68984
recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2025-03-06T11:20:12.8256801 v2 68984 2025-02-27 Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials 8c44a3c1e39f84c230c7293cf36cbc8c DANIEL VAUGHAN DANIEL VAUGHAN true false 2025-02-27 A niobium-microalloyed steel (‘Nb-steel’) containing 0.009 wt.% Nb was investigated for suitability for use in packaging applications by comparing its performance with an existing nitrogen-microalloyed steel (‘N-steel’), which is currently used in the manufacture of high-strength, high-ductility material for can-end applications.A Gleeble 3500 was used to evaluate the suitability of the Nb-steel by simulating industrial annealing cycles. The performance of the resultant material was assessed using tensile and hardness measurements. Grain size data was also obtained using optical microscopy. It was found that when heat treated using the standard industrial annealing cycle for the N-steel (involving being held at a soak temperature of 635 °C for 50 s), the Nb-steel did not undergo complete recrystallisation and grain growth. Therefore it was not possible to produce suitable packaging material from the Nb- steel using this cycle.When heat treated using annealing cycles involving being held at a higher soak temperature for a longer period (for example, at 680 °C for 100 s), it was found that the Nb-steel underwent significant recrystallisation and grain growth, and exhibited mechanical properties similar to those of the conventional N-steel. Therefore, it was possible to produce suitable packaging material from the Nb-steel using these cycles.Although it was possible to produce packaging material from Nb-steel utilising increased temperature and longer annealing cycles, these cycles would significantly reduce the efficiency of the industrial annealing process lines and therefore the use of this Nb-steel is not currently a financially viable alternative to N-steel for use in packaging applications. E-Thesis Swansea University, Wales, UK packaging steel, niobium steel, annealing, heat treatment 8 11 2024 2024-11-08 A selection of content is redacted or is partially redacted from this thesis to protect sensitive and personal information. COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Sackett, E, and Mainwaring, M. Master of Research MSc by Research Tata Steel UK, M2A Tata Steel UK, M2A 2025-03-06T11:20:12.8256801 2025-02-27T14:30:12.6899214 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering DANIEL VAUGHAN 1 Under embargo Under embargo 2025-03-06T11:18:24.9472322 Output 4435034 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2029-11-08T00:00:00.0000000 Copyright: The Author, Daniel Jack Vaughan, 2024 true eng
title Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
spellingShingle Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
DANIEL VAUGHAN
title_short Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
title_full Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
title_fullStr Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
title_full_unstemmed Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
title_sort Investigation into application of niobium steel grades for use in packaging materials
author_id_str_mv 8c44a3c1e39f84c230c7293cf36cbc8c
author_id_fullname_str_mv 8c44a3c1e39f84c230c7293cf36cbc8c_***_DANIEL VAUGHAN
author DANIEL VAUGHAN
author2 DANIEL VAUGHAN
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 0
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description A niobium-microalloyed steel (‘Nb-steel’) containing 0.009 wt.% Nb was investigated for suitability for use in packaging applications by comparing its performance with an existing nitrogen-microalloyed steel (‘N-steel’), which is currently used in the manufacture of high-strength, high-ductility material for can-end applications.A Gleeble 3500 was used to evaluate the suitability of the Nb-steel by simulating industrial annealing cycles. The performance of the resultant material was assessed using tensile and hardness measurements. Grain size data was also obtained using optical microscopy. It was found that when heat treated using the standard industrial annealing cycle for the N-steel (involving being held at a soak temperature of 635 °C for 50 s), the Nb-steel did not undergo complete recrystallisation and grain growth. Therefore it was not possible to produce suitable packaging material from the Nb- steel using this cycle.When heat treated using annealing cycles involving being held at a higher soak temperature for a longer period (for example, at 680 °C for 100 s), it was found that the Nb-steel underwent significant recrystallisation and grain growth, and exhibited mechanical properties similar to those of the conventional N-steel. Therefore, it was possible to produce suitable packaging material from the Nb-steel using these cycles.Although it was possible to produce packaging material from Nb-steel utilising increased temperature and longer annealing cycles, these cycles would significantly reduce the efficiency of the industrial annealing process lines and therefore the use of this Nb-steel is not currently a financially viable alternative to N-steel for use in packaging applications.
published_date 2024-11-08T05:26:58Z
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score 11.089386

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