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Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin

Yinan Ning, Joao Pedro Nunes, Jichen Zhou, Jantiene Baartman, Coen J. Ritsema, Yunqing Xuan Orcid Logo, Xuejun Liu, Lihua Ma, Xinping Chen

Science of The Total Environment, Volume: 968, Start page: 178800

Swansea University Author: Yunqing Xuan Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178800

Abstract

Evaluating changes in streamflow, sediment, and nutrient fluxes, as well as quantifying their influencing factors, is crucial for regional water resource protection. While the relationships between major influencing factors and these indicators have been widely studied, the quantitative contribution...

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Published in: Science of The Total Environment
ISSN: 0048-9697
Published: Elsevier BV 2025
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While the relationships between major influencing factors and these indicators have been widely studied, the quantitative contributions of the separate and interactive effects of these influencing factors have not been fully explored. This study quantitatively evaluated the changing characteristics of streamflow, sediment discharge, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), as well as the separate and interactive effects of various major influencing factors such as&#x2014;rainfall, temperature, evapotranspiration (ET), revegetation, dam construction, and land use change&#x2014;by applying the GeoDetector method to account for their spatial heterogeneity and contributions. Our findings reveal that the influence of these factors has gradually intensified over time, with dam construction and land use change emerging as the most significant contributors to changes in sediment discharge and TN, respectively. 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spelling 2025-03-25T13:40:25.7484537 v2 68922 2025-02-19 Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin 3ece84458da360ff84fa95aa1c0c912b 0000-0003-2736-8625 Yunqing Xuan Yunqing Xuan true false 2025-02-19 ACEM Evaluating changes in streamflow, sediment, and nutrient fluxes, as well as quantifying their influencing factors, is crucial for regional water resource protection. While the relationships between major influencing factors and these indicators have been widely studied, the quantitative contributions of the separate and interactive effects of these influencing factors have not been fully explored. This study quantitatively evaluated the changing characteristics of streamflow, sediment discharge, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), as well as the separate and interactive effects of various major influencing factors such as—rainfall, temperature, evapotranspiration (ET), revegetation, dam construction, and land use change—by applying the GeoDetector method to account for their spatial heterogeneity and contributions. Our findings reveal that the influence of these factors has gradually intensified over time, with dam construction and land use change emerging as the most significant contributors to changes in sediment discharge and TN, respectively. Notably, the interactive effects between dam capacity and vegetation cover on streamflow and sediment discharge was twice as strong as their separate impacts, highlighting the effectiveness of integrating dam construction with reforestation to control erosion and sediment transport. Similarly, the interaction of dam capacity and land use change had a 1.5 times greater impact on TN and TP than their separate effects, indicating that reducing fertilizer application at the source and in the meantime implementing direct interception measures are more effective ways to control water pollution. These findings provide a solid foundation for policymakers to develop integrated water management strategies targeting multiple factors simultaneously, that address both water quantity and quality concerns in the Yangtze River Basin and similar regions. Journal Article Science of The Total Environment 968 178800 Elsevier BV 0048-9697 The Yangtze River Basin; Sediment; Total nitrogen and phosphorus; Geodetector; Attribution analysis 10 3 2025 2025-03-10 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178800 COLLEGE NANME Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineering COLLEGE CODE ACEM Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This work was supported by China Scholarship Council (No. 201913043) and Hainan University, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U20A2047). The Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), and the State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land (Southwest University). Acknowledgement for the data support from “National Earth System Science Data Center, National Science & Technology Infrastructure of China (http://www.geodata.cn)” and “Resource and Environment Science and Data Center (https://www.resdc.cn/)”. 2025-03-25T13:40:25.7484537 2025-02-19T11:33:03.9712168 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering Yinan Ning 1 Joao Pedro Nunes 2 Jichen Zhou 3 Jantiene Baartman 4 Coen J. Ritsema 5 Yunqing Xuan 0000-0003-2736-8625 6 Xuejun Liu 7 Lihua Ma 8 Xinping Chen 9 68922__33639__03b9af56b86b4548bbe2536222a1a6b0.pdf 1-s2.0-S0048969725004358-main.pdf 2025-02-19T11:35:30.4482218 Output 9041724 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
spellingShingle Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
Yunqing Xuan
title_short Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
title_full Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
title_fullStr Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
title_full_unstemmed Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
title_sort Decoupling the effects of climate, topography, land use, revegetation, and dam construction on streamflow, sediment, total nitrogen and phosphorus in the Yangtze River Basin
author_id_str_mv 3ece84458da360ff84fa95aa1c0c912b
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3ece84458da360ff84fa95aa1c0c912b_***_Yunqing Xuan
author Yunqing Xuan
author2 Yinan Ning
Joao Pedro Nunes
Jichen Zhou
Jantiene Baartman
Coen J. Ritsema
Yunqing Xuan
Xuejun Liu
Lihua Ma
Xinping Chen
format Journal article
container_title Science of The Total Environment
container_volume 968
container_start_page 178800
publishDate 2025
institution Swansea University
issn 0048-9697
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178800
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Evaluating changes in streamflow, sediment, and nutrient fluxes, as well as quantifying their influencing factors, is crucial for regional water resource protection. While the relationships between major influencing factors and these indicators have been widely studied, the quantitative contributions of the separate and interactive effects of these influencing factors have not been fully explored. This study quantitatively evaluated the changing characteristics of streamflow, sediment discharge, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), as well as the separate and interactive effects of various major influencing factors such as—rainfall, temperature, evapotranspiration (ET), revegetation, dam construction, and land use change—by applying the GeoDetector method to account for their spatial heterogeneity and contributions. Our findings reveal that the influence of these factors has gradually intensified over time, with dam construction and land use change emerging as the most significant contributors to changes in sediment discharge and TN, respectively. Notably, the interactive effects between dam capacity and vegetation cover on streamflow and sediment discharge was twice as strong as their separate impacts, highlighting the effectiveness of integrating dam construction with reforestation to control erosion and sediment transport. Similarly, the interaction of dam capacity and land use change had a 1.5 times greater impact on TN and TP than their separate effects, indicating that reducing fertilizer application at the source and in the meantime implementing direct interception measures are more effective ways to control water pollution. These findings provide a solid foundation for policymakers to develop integrated water management strategies targeting multiple factors simultaneously, that address both water quantity and quality concerns in the Yangtze River Basin and similar regions.
published_date 2025-03-10T14:14:22Z
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