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SABEC: Secure and Adaptive Blockchain-Enabled Coordination Protocol for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs) Network

Hulya Dogan, Anton Setzer Orcid Logo

Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy, Volume: 1, Pages: 377 - 388

Swansea University Authors: Hulya Dogan, Anton Setzer Orcid Logo

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Abstract

The rapid advancement of drone swarm technology has unlocked a multitude of applications across diverse industrial sectors, including surveillance, delivery services, disaster management, and environmental monitoring. Despite these promising prospects, ensuring secure and efficient communication and...

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Published in: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy
ISBN: 978-989-758-735-1
ISSN: 2184-4356
Published: SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications 2025
Online Access: Check full text

URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa68664
Abstract: The rapid advancement of drone swarm technology has unlocked a multitude of applications across diverse industrial sectors, including surveillance, delivery services, disaster management, and environmental monitoring. Despite these promising prospects, ensuring secure and efficient communication and coordination among drones within a swarm remains a significant challenge. Key obstacles include maintaining efficiency, facilitating the seamless sharing of sensing data, and achieving robust consensus in the presence of Byzantine drones—malicious or faulty UAVs capable of disrupting swarm operations and leading to catastrophic outcomes. To address these challenges, we introduce SABEC (Secure and Adaptive Blockchain-Enabled Coordination Protocol), aninnovative blockchain-based approach designed to manage multidrone collaboration during swarm operations. SABEC improves the security of the consensus achievement process by integrating anefficient blockchain into the UAV network, coupled with a practical and dynamic consensus mechanism. The protocol incentivizes network devices through a scoring system, requiring UAVs tosolve intricate problems employing the Proof of Work (PoW) with Fuzzy C-Modes clustering algorithm. Leader UAVs are dynamically selected within clusters based on a predefined threshold, tasked with transmitting status control information about neighbouring UAVs to a cloud server. The server consolidates these data through a robust consensus mechanism, relaying them to the networkcoordination tier where decision-making consensus is reached, and the data are immutably stored on the blockchain. To facilitate the dynamic and adaptive construction of configurable trusted networks, SABEC employs a consensus protocol based on the blockchain-assisted storage. Comparative experiments conducted using NS3 simulation software demonstrate SABEC’s significant advantages over traditional routing and consensus protocols in terms of packet delivery rate, coordination overhead, and average end-to-end delay. These improvements collectively enhance the fault tolerance of UAV networks, ensuring high availability and reliability even in the presence of adversarial nodes. By augmenting the security of consensus achievement, SABEC substantiallyimproves connectivity, security and efficiency within intelligent systems, thereby elevating the potential and stability of multi-drone applications in real-world scenarios.
Keywords: UAVs Network, Byzantine Attack, Swarm Drone, Blockchain, Security, Proof of Work (PoW), Fuzzy C-Modes Clustering Algorithm, Fault Tolerance
College: Faculty of Science and Engineering
Start Page: 377
End Page: 388