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Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches

Holly Stokes, Jacques-Olivier Laloë Orcid Logo, Nicole Esteban Orcid Logo, Graeme C. Hays Orcid Logo

Journal of Thermal Biology, Volume: 125, Start page: 103965

Swansea University Authors: Holly Stokes, Nicole Esteban Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103965

Abstract

Recording sand temperatures has become routine at many sea turtle nesting sites across the world given the impacts of incubation temperatures on hatchling sex ratios. However, the extent of thermal variability found at a nesting site has previously received little attention. Here we examine empirica...

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Published in: Journal of Thermal Biology
ISSN: 0306-4565
Published: Elsevier BV 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67659
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spelling v2 67659 2024-09-12 Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches 6ee6932996059ed9e4d581641acce2f7 Holly Stokes Holly Stokes true false fb2e760b83b4580e7445092982f1f319 0000-0003-4693-7221 Nicole Esteban Nicole Esteban true false 2024-09-12 BGPS Recording sand temperatures has become routine at many sea turtle nesting sites across the world given the impacts of incubation temperatures on hatchling sex ratios. However, the extent of thermal variability found at a nesting site has previously received little attention. Here we examine empirical sand temperature records across five atolls extending 250 km in the Chagos archipelago, Indian Ocean, between October 2012 and July 2023 and quantify the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variability. Our results suggest that sand temperatures at our study site vary seasonally and inter-annually, between beaches in the archipelago, and within beaches in different nesting habitats. The biggest drivers of thermal variability were seasonal and inter-annual differences, which modulated sand temperatures by up to 3.00°C and 1.03°C, respectively. Intra-beach and inter-beach variability further modulated temperatures by up to 0.56°C and 0.85°C, respectively. In addition, mean monthly sand temperatures were relatively low, suggesting that hatchling sex ratios are fairly balanced. The wide range of sand temperatures recorded at this nesting site suggests that it is likely both male-biased and female-biased clutches are produced during the nesting season. Quantifying thermal variability from a long-term sand temperature time series offers valuable insight into a population with temperature-dependent sex determination and, when possible, should be considered when modelling temperature impacts on hatchling sex ratios. Journal Article Journal of Thermal Biology 125 103965 Elsevier BV 0306-4565 Climate change; Endangered species; Marine protected area (MPA); Marine turtles; Nest site selection; Temperature-dependent sex determination 1 10 2024 2024-10-01 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103965 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) Bertarelli Foundation 2017-4, 820633 2024-10-24T16:01:29.9880434 2024-09-12T11:42:28.7018404 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Holly Stokes 1 Jacques-Olivier Laloë 0000-0002-1437-1959 2 Nicole Esteban 0000-0003-4693-7221 3 Graeme C. Hays 0000-0002-3314-8189 4 67659__32709__0817da7dcae94395a3de69fa87a05d16.pdf 67659.VoR.pdf 2024-10-24T15:59:41.8538921 Output 2672863 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2024 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
spellingShingle Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
Holly Stokes
Nicole Esteban
title_short Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
title_full Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
title_fullStr Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
title_full_unstemmed Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
title_sort Empirical evidence for the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variation on sea turtle nesting beaches
author_id_str_mv 6ee6932996059ed9e4d581641acce2f7
fb2e760b83b4580e7445092982f1f319
author_id_fullname_str_mv 6ee6932996059ed9e4d581641acce2f7_***_Holly Stokes
fb2e760b83b4580e7445092982f1f319_***_Nicole Esteban
author Holly Stokes
Nicole Esteban
author2 Holly Stokes
Jacques-Olivier Laloë
Nicole Esteban
Graeme C. Hays
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Thermal Biology
container_volume 125
container_start_page 103965
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 0306-4565
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103965
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
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description Recording sand temperatures has become routine at many sea turtle nesting sites across the world given the impacts of incubation temperatures on hatchling sex ratios. However, the extent of thermal variability found at a nesting site has previously received little attention. Here we examine empirical sand temperature records across five atolls extending 250 km in the Chagos archipelago, Indian Ocean, between October 2012 and July 2023 and quantify the extent of spatial and temporal thermal variability. Our results suggest that sand temperatures at our study site vary seasonally and inter-annually, between beaches in the archipelago, and within beaches in different nesting habitats. The biggest drivers of thermal variability were seasonal and inter-annual differences, which modulated sand temperatures by up to 3.00°C and 1.03°C, respectively. Intra-beach and inter-beach variability further modulated temperatures by up to 0.56°C and 0.85°C, respectively. In addition, mean monthly sand temperatures were relatively low, suggesting that hatchling sex ratios are fairly balanced. The wide range of sand temperatures recorded at this nesting site suggests that it is likely both male-biased and female-biased clutches are produced during the nesting season. Quantifying thermal variability from a long-term sand temperature time series offers valuable insight into a population with temperature-dependent sex determination and, when possible, should be considered when modelling temperature impacts on hatchling sex ratios.
published_date 2024-10-01T16:01:27Z
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