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Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction

Dongbo Li Orcid Logo, Benjamin Brough, Jasper W. Rees, Christophe Coste, Chenggui Yuan Orcid Logo, Mike Fowler Orcid Logo, Steven M. Sait Orcid Logo

Ecology and Evolution, Volume: 14, Issue: 7, Start page: e70047

Swansea University Authors: Christophe Coste, Chenggui Yuan Orcid Logo, Mike Fowler Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/ece3.70047

Abstract

Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an inse...

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Published in: Ecology and Evolution
ISSN: 2045-7758 2045-7758
Published: Wiley 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa67171
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spelling 2024-08-29T16:57:15.5680497 v2 67171 2024-07-24 Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction 8191af157a7cfb3a4249cfc270a7116a Christophe Coste Christophe Coste true false 22b571d1cba717a58e526805bd9abea0 0000-0003-0486-5450 Chenggui Yuan Chenggui Yuan true false a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4 0000-0003-1544-0407 Mike Fowler Mike Fowler true false 2024-07-24 BGPS Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an insect host-parasitoid interaction: the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its endoparasitoid wasp, Venturia canescens, we investigated how humidity interacted with heat stress duration, applied at different host developmental stages, to affect life history traits. Hosts parasitized as 4th instar larvae and unparasitized hosts were maintained in high- (60.8% RH) or low-humidity (32.5% RH) at constant 28°C. They were then exposed to a 38°C thermal stress with a duration of 0 (no heat stress), 6 or 72 h in either the 4th or 5th host instar. Neither humidity nor heat stress duration affected emergence of unparasitized hosts, but increasing heat stress duration during the 4th instar decreased parasitoid emergence irrespective of humidity. When applied during the 5th instar, increasing heat duration decreased parasitoid emergence under low humidity, but no effect of heat stress was found under high humidity. Moreover, experiencing longer heat stress in the 4th instar increased host larval development time and decreased body size under high humidity, but this effect differed under low humidity; increasing heat duration in the 5th instar decreased parasitoid body sizes only under low humidity. Larval stage and heat stress duration directly affected parasitized host survival time, with a concomitant indirect reduction of parasitoid sizes. We show that humidity modifies key life history responses of hosts and parasitoids to heat stress in species-specific ways, highlighting the potential importance of humidity in regulating host-parasitoid interactions and their population dynamics. Finally, we emphasize that interactions between environmental stressors need to be considered in climate change research. Journal Article Ecology and Evolution 14 7 e70047 Wiley 2045-7758 2045-7758 bottom-up effect, environmental stress, extinction, insect decline, phenotypic traits, species interactions 21 7 2024 2024-07-21 10.1002/ece3.70047 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee Natural Environment Research Council. Grant Number: NE/W006731/1 2024-08-29T16:57:15.5680497 2024-07-24T15:51:38.0089292 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Dongbo Li 0000-0003-0471-7917 1 Benjamin Brough 2 Jasper W. Rees 3 Christophe Coste 4 Chenggui Yuan 0000-0003-0486-5450 5 Mike Fowler 0000-0003-1544-0407 6 Steven M. Sait 0000-0002-7208-8617 7 67171__30966__0be1bc37477c4f4aa39e0e2e7095f27f.pdf Li_etal_2024_EE.pdf 2024-07-24T16:00:07.8093217 Output 5306753 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 262 true https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0p2ngf28f false
title Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
spellingShingle Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
Christophe Coste
Chenggui Yuan
Mike Fowler
title_short Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
title_full Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
title_fullStr Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
title_full_unstemmed Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
title_sort Humidity modifies species‐specific and age‐dependent heat stress effects in an insect host‐parasitoid interaction
author_id_str_mv 8191af157a7cfb3a4249cfc270a7116a
22b571d1cba717a58e526805bd9abea0
a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4
author_id_fullname_str_mv 8191af157a7cfb3a4249cfc270a7116a_***_Christophe Coste
22b571d1cba717a58e526805bd9abea0_***_Chenggui Yuan
a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4_***_Mike Fowler
author Christophe Coste
Chenggui Yuan
Mike Fowler
author2 Dongbo Li
Benjamin Brough
Jasper W. Rees
Christophe Coste
Chenggui Yuan
Mike Fowler
Steven M. Sait
format Journal article
container_title Ecology and Evolution
container_volume 14
container_issue 7
container_start_page e70047
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 2045-7758
2045-7758
doi_str_mv 10.1002/ece3.70047
publisher Wiley
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Climate change is projected to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events, and may increase humidity levels, leading to coupled thermal and hydric stress. However, how humidity modulates the impacts of heat stress on species and their interactions is currently unknown. Using an insect host-parasitoid interaction: the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, and its endoparasitoid wasp, Venturia canescens, we investigated how humidity interacted with heat stress duration, applied at different host developmental stages, to affect life history traits. Hosts parasitized as 4th instar larvae and unparasitized hosts were maintained in high- (60.8% RH) or low-humidity (32.5% RH) at constant 28°C. They were then exposed to a 38°C thermal stress with a duration of 0 (no heat stress), 6 or 72 h in either the 4th or 5th host instar. Neither humidity nor heat stress duration affected emergence of unparasitized hosts, but increasing heat stress duration during the 4th instar decreased parasitoid emergence irrespective of humidity. When applied during the 5th instar, increasing heat duration decreased parasitoid emergence under low humidity, but no effect of heat stress was found under high humidity. Moreover, experiencing longer heat stress in the 4th instar increased host larval development time and decreased body size under high humidity, but this effect differed under low humidity; increasing heat duration in the 5th instar decreased parasitoid body sizes only under low humidity. Larval stage and heat stress duration directly affected parasitized host survival time, with a concomitant indirect reduction of parasitoid sizes. We show that humidity modifies key life history responses of hosts and parasitoids to heat stress in species-specific ways, highlighting the potential importance of humidity in regulating host-parasitoid interactions and their population dynamics. Finally, we emphasize that interactions between environmental stressors need to be considered in climate change research.
published_date 2024-07-21T08:32:56Z
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