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Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study

Tine Van Bortel Orcid Logo, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe Orcid Logo, Samantha Treacy Orcid Logo, Nashi Khan, Uta Ouali, Athula Sumathipala, Vesna Svab, Doaa Nader, Nadia Kadri, Maria Fatima Monteiro, Lee Knifton, Neil Quinn, Chantal Van Audenhove, Antonio Lasalvia, Chiara Bonetto, Graham Thornicroft, Jaap van Weeghel, Evelien Brouwers

BMJ Open, Volume: 14, Issue: 6, Start page: e077528

Swansea University Author: Samantha Treacy Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077528

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Objectives: Workplace stigmatisation and discrimination are significant barriers to accessing employment opportunities, reintegration and promotion in the workforce for people with mental illnesses in comparison to other disabilities. This paper presents qualitative evidence of anticipated and exper...

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Published in: BMJ Open
ISSN: 2044-6055 2044-6055
Published: BMJ 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa66830
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This paper presents qualitative evidence of anticipated and experienced workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) in 35 countries, and how these experiences differ across countries based on their Human Development Index (HDI) level.Design: Mixed-method cross-sectional survey.Participants, setting and measures: The qualitative data were gathered as part of the combined European Union Anti-Stigma Programme European Network and global International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes for Depression studies examining stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD across 35 countries. Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination were assessed using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale version 12 (DISC-12). This study used responses to the open-ended DISC-12 questions related to employment. 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Furthermore, participants from medium/low HDI countries were more likely to report positive workplace experiences.Conclusions: This study makes a significant contribution towards workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD, still an under-researched mental health diagnosis. 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spelling 2024-07-08T16:36:02.3064090 v2 66830 2024-06-20 Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study 53962bf646ea480d4309ff5b0405aba8 0000-0002-9755-7686 Samantha Treacy Samantha Treacy true false 2024-06-20 PSYS Objectives: Workplace stigmatisation and discrimination are significant barriers to accessing employment opportunities, reintegration and promotion in the workforce for people with mental illnesses in comparison to other disabilities. This paper presents qualitative evidence of anticipated and experienced workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) in 35 countries, and how these experiences differ across countries based on their Human Development Index (HDI) level.Design: Mixed-method cross-sectional survey.Participants, setting and measures: The qualitative data were gathered as part of the combined European Union Anti-Stigma Programme European Network and global International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes for Depression studies examining stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD across 35 countries. Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination were assessed using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale version 12 (DISC-12). This study used responses to the open-ended DISC-12 questions related to employment. Data were analysed using the framework analysis method.Results: The framework analysis of qualitative data of 141 participants identified 6 key ‘frames’ exploring (1) participants reported experiences of workplace stigma and discrimination; (2) impact of experienced workplace stigma and discrimination; (3) anticipated workplace stigma and discrimination; (4) ways of coping; (5) positive work experiences and (6) contextualisation of workplace stigma and discrimination. In general, participants from very high HDI countries reported higher levels of anticipated and experienced discrimination than other HDI groups (eg, less understanding and support, being more avoided/shunned, stopping themselves from looking for work because of expectation and fear of discrimination). Furthermore, participants from medium/low HDI countries were more likely to report positive workplace experiences.Conclusions: This study makes a significant contribution towards workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD, still an under-researched mental health diagnosis. These findings illuminate important relationships that may exist between countries/contexts and stigma and discrimination, identifying that individuals from very high HDI countries were more likely to report anticipated and experienced workplace discrimination. Journal Article BMJ Open 14 6 e077528 BMJ 2044-6055 2044-6055 19 6 2024 2024-06-19 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077528 COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This study arises in part from the Anti Stigma European Network (ASPEN) programme which was in part funded by the European Union Public Health Programme 2024-07-08T16:36:02.3064090 2024-06-20T14:08:24.8349256 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences School of Social Sciences - Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy Tine Van Bortel 0000-0003-0467-6393 1 Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe 0000-0001-6025-6022 2 Samantha Treacy 0000-0002-9755-7686 3 Nashi Khan 4 Uta Ouali 5 Athula Sumathipala 6 Vesna Svab 7 Doaa Nader 8 Nadia Kadri 9 Maria Fatima Monteiro 10 Lee Knifton 11 Neil Quinn 12 Chantal Van Audenhove 13 Antonio Lasalvia 14 Chiara Bonetto 15 Graham Thornicroft 16 Jaap van Weeghel 17 Evelien Brouwers 18 66830__30847__5c21f92eda1e4bc0bd70eda22b044b9d.pdf 66830.VoR.pdf 2024-07-08T16:33:40.7223533 Output 387307 application/pdf Version of Record true This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY- NC 4.0) license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ 257
title Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
spellingShingle Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
Samantha Treacy
title_short Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
title_full Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
title_sort Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination in the workplace among individuals with major depressive disorder in 35 countries: qualitative framework analysis of a mixed-method cross-sectional study
author_id_str_mv 53962bf646ea480d4309ff5b0405aba8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 53962bf646ea480d4309ff5b0405aba8_***_Samantha Treacy
author Samantha Treacy
author2 Tine Van Bortel
Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe
Samantha Treacy
Nashi Khan
Uta Ouali
Athula Sumathipala
Vesna Svab
Doaa Nader
Nadia Kadri
Maria Fatima Monteiro
Lee Knifton
Neil Quinn
Chantal Van Audenhove
Antonio Lasalvia
Chiara Bonetto
Graham Thornicroft
Jaap van Weeghel
Evelien Brouwers
format Journal article
container_title BMJ Open
container_volume 14
container_issue 6
container_start_page e077528
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 2044-6055
2044-6055
doi_str_mv 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-077528
publisher BMJ
college_str Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofhumanitiesandsocialsciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
department_str School of Social Sciences - Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Social Sciences - Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy
document_store_str 1
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description Objectives: Workplace stigmatisation and discrimination are significant barriers to accessing employment opportunities, reintegration and promotion in the workforce for people with mental illnesses in comparison to other disabilities. This paper presents qualitative evidence of anticipated and experienced workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) in 35 countries, and how these experiences differ across countries based on their Human Development Index (HDI) level.Design: Mixed-method cross-sectional survey.Participants, setting and measures: The qualitative data were gathered as part of the combined European Union Anti-Stigma Programme European Network and global International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes for Depression studies examining stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD across 35 countries. Anticipated and experienced stigma and discrimination were assessed using the Discrimination and Stigma Scale version 12 (DISC-12). This study used responses to the open-ended DISC-12 questions related to employment. Data were analysed using the framework analysis method.Results: The framework analysis of qualitative data of 141 participants identified 6 key ‘frames’ exploring (1) participants reported experiences of workplace stigma and discrimination; (2) impact of experienced workplace stigma and discrimination; (3) anticipated workplace stigma and discrimination; (4) ways of coping; (5) positive work experiences and (6) contextualisation of workplace stigma and discrimination. In general, participants from very high HDI countries reported higher levels of anticipated and experienced discrimination than other HDI groups (eg, less understanding and support, being more avoided/shunned, stopping themselves from looking for work because of expectation and fear of discrimination). Furthermore, participants from medium/low HDI countries were more likely to report positive workplace experiences.Conclusions: This study makes a significant contribution towards workplace stigma and discrimination among individuals with MDD, still an under-researched mental health diagnosis. These findings illuminate important relationships that may exist between countries/contexts and stigma and discrimination, identifying that individuals from very high HDI countries were more likely to report anticipated and experienced workplace discrimination.
published_date 2024-06-19T14:34:28Z
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